US1473037A

US1473037A - Vacuum-producing apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1473037A
Application number: US646255A
Authority: US
Inventors: Greig John Wilkinson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-06-18
Filing date: 1923-06-18
Publication date: 1923-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 1940-11-06

Description

Nov. 6 QZ.

Filed June` 1e 1923 Patented NM26, i323., i

' narran ere-iras hemmt? rar-eer crema.

:man wrnnnvson cams, or rvarmon, vrcfroare, "arrsr vacuum-raonucme 'errena'r'os Application led June 18, 1923. Serial Ita-646,255.-

f useful Improvements in Vacuum-Producing f. Apparatus; and l do declare the following vfwater seal chamber h avin tom and an outlet pipe "30a tially to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. This invention relates to an lmproved vacuum producing apparatus and has been devised in order to provide simple and eiiicient means for accomplishing this result.

Many arethe advantages which a vacuum poesses for use in various trades, processes and professions and it is wlth an object of definitely obtaining a Ivacuum 1n a simple and ecient manner that the present invention has been devised.- I An essential feature embodied 1n this 1nvention consists in forcing water, steam or other Huid through a tube .of substantially small diameter, the exhaust endv ot which connects a delivery Apipe enclosed within a isposed substanabove the lower end of the delivery which is so disposed within the water ripe chamber that as the water or steam seal ' is exhausted it strikes the concave surface at or about the commencement of its curve and so causes the tluid to swirl about the mouth of the delivery pipe and completely cover same to prevent an air return, the inlet pipe being provide with a ley-pass leading to a pressure chamber having atpipe leading thereto with a valvecontrol rom the vessel from which the air or gas is to be exhausted.

A- further essential feature consists in the leading of the deliveryr pipe into a water seal and close to the concave surface 'at the bottom of the water seal chamber so as to cause the water on contact with a conical projection on the concave surface to swirl above the delivery outlet to prevent any air return through the delivery pipe.

A further essential feature consists in terminating the inlet pipe in a jet in a pressure chamber havin a pipe line with valve control leadin "to 1t from the vessel to be 'exhausted an mounting by a screw thread in the outer wall of the preure chamber in new and a concave bot-l line with the jet a combining tube having outwardly Haring or enlarged tapering ends, the threading of the tube allowing of the widening or closing of the space betweenA the tube and the jet as required and to allow of varying pressures to be obtained.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood it will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings inwhich Figure-.1 is a view in vertical central sectionl of one form of machine embodied in the invention.

Figure 2 is a view 1n vertical central section of an alternative construction of vacuum producmg machlne.

Figure 3 is a perspective'view of an es` sential part.

Fig. 4 illustrates the structure Fig. 1 provide l with the chamber 29 of Fig. 2.

According to this invention and as illus trated in Figure 1 a pipe lead 1 is taken from a suitable source', which may consist of steam, water or compressed air, the entry thereof into the pipe being preferably in a downward and vertical direction.

The bore 2 of the pipe line 1 referred to.

commences to decrease in internal diameter from the point where the duid enters, the reduction oontinuin until the passage assumes the horizonta? the maximum reduction is disposed at a `point 6 at right angles to the fluid inlet portion.

' the inner opening le in the combining' tube 13 'being in line with the smaller jet member 8 but a definite space is maintained bef tween them to forma gap 15. j

The object of screwing the combining tube 1 3 is for adjusting the gap 15 between it and the smaller jet 8 thus providing means for the Y,definite regulation of the space between the combining tube and the jet and thus allowing of variable pressures being obtained. A

eef

as at 5, and preferably -suita le source of outlet.

Disposed on a convenient part of the pressure chamber 3 and in communication therewith is a pipe line 19 leading to the vessel wherein it is desired to create u vacuum, the

' throat from the point where the fluid leaves Vte pipe line 19 havin a valve 20 thereon tol retain the vacuum 1n the vessel 3 when once created, anda gauge may be disposed upon the pipe line1`9 between the valve 20 and the `vessel so that the vacuum obtained may be readily ascertained.

The power fluid is preferably driven through or past a helix 21 disposed in an Venlar d portion at the entrance of the pipe 1.

leiis helix 21 functions so that not only does it give the water a rotary motion but it divides the water in its flow through the passage 2 yso forming air pockets allowing the air to be exhausted to be carried away through the combining tube 13, and the said helix 1s preferablyrshaped as illustrated in Figures 3, the top portion 21a being set at right angles tothe bottom portion 21".

In this construction the operation consists of feeding the` fluid past the helix whichl gives it a rotary motion through the reducing passage. 2 and also splits the same into air pockets which are delivered into the presjusted to suit the pressure re ulredV forms the kexhaust for the Huid-andte air which has filledthe air pockets and which has been drawn from the vessel in which the vacuum is being created.

YIn the construction illustrated in Figure 2` a pipe lead 22 vis taken 4fromany suitable source of supply and this supply may consist of steam, water or compressed air, the

ventry thereof into the pipe being preferablyV in a downward and vertical direction.

The top 23 of the pipe lead 22 is fitted with the helix y21 functioning in the manner above described.

The pipeline referred to decreases in internal diameter as at 22 in the form of a the helix 21.,l the reduction continuing past the diagonal by-pass 24 leading to a pressure chamber 25, the b -pass 24 being of ksubstantially smaller. iameter'v than )the minimum diameter in the reducing pipe 22.

Cast integral with the pipe line 22 de- `scribed is a flange 26 adapted ,to be fitted to a corresponding flangeA 2 7 ofA a pressure chamber 25 which is mounted on-a chamber 29l containing liquid and forming a liquid `seal `or containing the exhausted element sion tube 30 the upper end of which receives the lower end of the pipe'22, the lower portion of said pipe22 below the by-pass 24 flaring outwardly and downwardly as at 31 to provide anV increased area for the passage of fluid, which passing down the tube 30 strikes-the point of the projection 32 extending from the concave base of 'the li uid seal chamber 29 and is split to swirl a outfthe end ofthe tube 30 to prevent thereturn of air' and the .fluid and air then passing through the liquid seal and through the Vexhaust orifice 3 K. j

The pressure chamber 25 is litted with a pipe line 34 leading to the vessel which is to e exhausted and this pipe line 34 is fitted with a valve 35 for'cutting 'ofi the machine when the vacuum has been obtainedin the vessel being treated.

The pipe line 34 is preferably connected by a connection with a further pipe line having a valve thereon to retain the vacuum in the vessel' when once created, and a gauge may be disposed upon the pipe line betweenl the valve and the vessel so that the vacuum obtained may be readily ascertained.

Immediately theV required vacuum is obtained, ,the apparatus described may be re` moved therefromk and any further vessels treated in a similar manner, the apparatus being removed by detaching the pipe from the portion above the valve. Y

In operation the pressure fluid. passes into the inlet pipe22 being first split and given arotary movement by the helix 21 such movement being maintained until it passes the by-pass 24 and the fiuid lis then 4delivered through theflared end 31 of the pipe 22 into lthe delivery pipe or tube 30which is of larger diameter'than the inlet pipe to allow of quick exhaust.

On passing outl of the tube 30 thefluid strikesfthe projection 32 of the concave surface of the liquid 4seal chamber 29 and causes the water to swirl about the end ofthe tube to prevent the return of air and the air and fluid then pass-through the water seal and out through the exhaust pipe. In Fig. 4 I have shown the structure of Fig. 1 with the adjustableVv double conical combining tube16, 17, discharging into the discharge chamber 29 'of Fig. 2.

I claim z-f v 'y 1. A vacuuml producing apparatus com.- prising an air chamber, a jet nozzle entering one `end of said chamber, means inthe nozzle to rotate the jet formed thereby, and a doui Lavaca:

justable in said chamber to and from the jet nozzle for regulating the air admission to said combining nozzle with respect to the jet.

2'. A vacuum producing apparatus, comprising an air chamber to be exhausted, a jet nozzle entering one end of said chamber, and a double conical combining tube in the other end of said chamber alined with said nozzle, and means to permit the adjustment of the tube in the end of the chamber to and from the nozzle.

3. A vacuum producing apparatus, comprising a straight double conical combining i tube, a closed discharge chamber into which said tube discharges, said chamber having a deflecting surface directly opposite the discharge end of said tube with a central fluiddeflecting point directed toward the tube.

JOHN WILKNSON GREIG.

Witnesses IVY DoNoHUE, EDITH CHIvERs.