US1471408A

US1471408A - Internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1471408A
Application number: US388330A
Authority: US
Inventors: Mertz Albert
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-06-11
Filing date: 1920-06-11
Publication date: 1923-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 1940-10-23

Description

A. MERTZ INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed June 11. 1920 g] I M Y .L.

. IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNE Y8.

Patented Oct. 23, 1923.

I i T ar as,

steam MERZTZ, oF'fo'aYTo'N, orrr'o.

\ immanent-Beams; ENGINE.

Application filed June 11, 192p. SeriaI -No. 388,330.

cylinder headpfnovel and improved "design permi-tting' the use "of valves ofvery large a'rea, -and also to --provide valve passages which are ar'range'd to oifenaminimum resistance-- to the passage 1 of the fuel I charges and the exhaust gases the'rethrough.

The object stated is attained by 'm'ea-ns of' acombination and arr-angementpf parts to"behreinafterdescribed and claimed, and in order that the same may be"better underst'ood, reference is h'ad 'to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification.

In the drawing, 7

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of so much of the cylinder head as is necessary to illustrate the invention, and Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Referring specifically to the drawing, 5

denotes a fragment of a cylinder block to which is applied the cylinder head which is the subject matter of the present application for patent. The intake and exhaust valves are carried by the cylinder head, there being two of each of said valves, the intake valves being on one side and the exhaust valves on the opposite side. The block 5 may be provided with any number of cylinders, and the head is designed accordingly, there being provided two intake and two exhaust valves for each cylinder.

The cylinder head is composed of two opposite inclined walls 6 positioned above the bore 7 of the cylinder block 5, and having base flanges 8 for attachment to the latter by any suitable means, such as bolts 9. The cylinder head wall is therefore of inverted V-shape, the angles of the inclines being 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. In one of the inclined walls 7 are the intake ports 10 and in the opposite wall are the exhaust ports 11. The valves for these ports are shown at 12, the faces thereof following the lines of the inclined walls. From each port extends a conduit 13" for the fuel charges or the exhaust gases These I conduits may be cast integral with the cylinder head; ormadeseparate of steel tubing weldedin place. Itwill 'be noted thati'the conduits are alsoset at an oblique angle to thelongitudinalaxis-to the cylinder, but at "-a mOreacute angle than the walls 6, the angle being 23 degrees.

The cylinder *head "is '-provided with a water jacket consistin -of afitop wall 14 andside walls 15 exten in'gado wnwa-rd herefrom to the bottom of the c'yli-nder head.

W here the side walls I 15: join the top with 14,-the 'former are parallelto the--wvalls-*6, as shown at 16,="-and-frornsaid walls 16 -extend tubular-holders 17 for'guides 18 0f thevalve stems l9. The guides 18 5 are tap'ered *and pressed into the=holde-rs17,- which lattermay be integral with the walls 16. Thetjaoketed construction of the cylinder head provides a very simple and efiicient expedient for cooling'the valves'and their seats. I u

To the outer ends of the valve =ste1ns -19 are connected-a'ctuating rocker arms= 20 supported-by brackets2l mounted on the wall-'14 and operated by push rods 22 which are actuated by the cam-shaft as usual. However, it is to be understood that the valve actuating mechanism is immaterial to the present invention, and nothing is claimed with respect thereto. The valve stems are also provioled with the usual closing springs 23. By arrangingthe valves at an angle it is .possible to employ very large valves to obtain a maximum efficiency and power.

The valve passages 13 extend in straight lines from the combustion chamber of the engine, and hence they offer the least resistancev to the passageof the fuel charges and the exhaust gases therethrough. This will allowv the cylinders to take in a com- 1 plete fuel charge under high speeds, raising the power peak and producingmore power at high speeds, and the spent gases are also completely exhausted at each exhaust stroke as they follow as closely as possible their' sides in the construction of the intake conill) duit 13 whichis extended angularly upward in a straight line without any-bends. This construction has a very distinct advantage in that the gaseous mixture therein will readily drain to the valve. It is well known that a mixture of vaporized gas and'air is heavier than air. This being true,'by making the intake conduit straight, very. little effort is needed to draw the mixture downwardly, whereas considerably more 'eftort would be necessary to draw the mixture upwardly. In

-l11'l31'0 erl va orized char e.

vaporized gas in ,'in place of the liquid which would otherwise'remain in a conduit as heretotore statede 1. In an'li'nternal combustion engine, a cylinder, aidetachable head closing the outer end Of' itlle cylinder and having its portion which covers the boreZ-of the cylinder composed of two opposite walls which are inclined in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, said inclined Walls having valve seats, valves for said seats, and intake and exhaust conduits extending to the ports and positioned at oblique angles to the cylinder axis, and said intake conduit extending and leading from a point above said detachable cylinder head.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a head closing the outer end of the cylinder, and having its portion which covers the cylinder bore composed of two opposite walls which are inclined in opposite directions with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, said walls having ports which face the cylinder bore and open thereinto at obliqueangles to said bore, said ports having valve seats, valves for. said seats, intake and exhaust conduits extending to the ports and positioned at oblique angles to the cylinder axis, the angles of the conduit with respect to the cylinder axis being different from the angles of the ports with respect to the cylinder axis, being also more acute with respect to the cylinder axis than the ports, and said intake manifold extending and leading from a point above said head with direct communication With one of said ports to facilitate the gravitation oi the mixture 01 vaporized fuel and air thereto.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ALBERT MERTZ.