US1469051A - Dividing head - Google Patents

Description

Sbept. 25, R923.

J. A. POITRAS DIVIDING HEAD 4 Sheets-Sheet '1 Filed F'eb. 26 1921 Sep. 25, 1923. .1,469,05

J. A. POITRAS DIVIDING HEAD Filed Feb. 26 1921 '4 Sheets-Sheet 2 nl l QN, 11N

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Sept. 25 1923. 4

J. A. PolTRAs DIVIDING- HEAD 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 26. 1921 Sept. 25, w23.

J. A. POITRAS DIVIDING HEAD 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 26 1921 ,y dcozfn www@ -m E. W vf w ffm Patented Sept. Z5, i923.'

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istanti JOSEPH A, POTER-AS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

nrvrnrne HEAD.

Application led February 26, 1921. Serial No. 448,218.

To f1? Z whom t may concern 'Be it known that I, Josnrr-r A. PorrRAs, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough and county of the Bronx, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dividing Heads, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to dividing heads and has for its object to provide a mechanism of this type of simple construction and efficient operation whereby the operation of dividing a circle into predetermined divisions is reduced to the utmost simplicity. Another purpose of my invention is to Vprovide a dividing head adapted more particularly for use in combination with milling machines and the like to successively7 adjust the4 work for equal division as is required, for instance, in various forms of graduating operations, gear cutting and the likef Other more specific objects of myinvention will appear from the description hereinafter, and the features of novelty will be pointed out inthe appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a specific embodiment of my invention without defining its limits and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the dividing head; Fig. Q'is an end elevation thereof; Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation on the line 3 3 of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a. sectional view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a detail face view of the index plate; Fig. 7 is a sectional view thereof on the line ,7-7 of Fig. ,6; Fig. 8 is a detail view of the locating armwhich forms part of the mechanism; Fig. 9 is a sectional view thereof on the line 99 of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a detail view of a trigger which forms' part of the construction; Fig. 1 is a detail view of a tripping device in cludcd therein; Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 12-12 of Fig. 11; Fig. 13 is a fragmentary sectional. elevation on the line 13-13 ofFig. 14 showinganother form of my dividing head; Fig. 14 is an end elevation thereof and Figs. 15, 16 and 1T are .detail views of the form shown in Figs. 1o and 14.

As shown in the illustrated examples, the dividing head-comprises a head-stock casting consisting of a base and an upright .standard i6 which ,terminates is constructed 17 in which a hollow shaft or spindle 18 is journa-lled. vThe latter is held against lengthwise movement relatively to the bearing 17 by means of an annular flange 19 preferably forming an integral part of said shaft 18 and one or more spindle nuts 20 screwed upon said shaft,'said spindle nuts, for instance, being split ,and fixed in place by means of screws 20, as shown in Fig.Vv 4, or being replaced by a pair of collars 2O as illust-rated in Fig. 13. Any suitable meansmay be provided for securing the work or blank which is to ,be divided in co'- operative connection with the shaft 18, the character of thismeans being determined by the work for which thedividing head for instance, thel chuck shown in the illustrated example may be utilized for this purpose. This chuck comprises a tube 21 longitudinally split at intervals, as indicated vat 22, to form terminal gripping aws'Q having an inherent resiliency tendingto expand the same,.said jaws being provided with inclined surfaces 24 cooperating with similar surfaces 25 of the shaft 18 to actuate said jaws, as will appear more fully'hereinafter. A studV 26 carried' by the shaft18 Yprojects into'a key-way 27 formed on the outer periphery of thetube 21 and serves to secure said tube and with it the gripping jaws to the shaft 18 without movements of said tube and jaws relatively to said shaft.V For the purpose of operating the jaws, the inner end. of the tube is externally screw-threaded for engagement with the-internally screw-threaded end of a dra-w tube28 which extencs lengthwise of the shaft 18-and projects beyond the one end thereof, as shown in Fig. 4. The projecting end of said draw tube 28 carries an actuating means which, in the illustrated example, is shown in the form of an oper- .interfering with the necessary lengthwise ating knob 29, the peripliery ofl which is preferably knurled andiprovided at spaced intervals with recesses 30 for the accommodation of a suitable tool whereby manipulation of said knob is facilitated. The knob 29 is fixed upon the draw tube 28, for insta-nce, by meansv Vof' an annular flange 31 for ed thereon and a pin 32 which projects through the hub of the knob 29. vinto the draw tube 28, as illust-rated in Fig. 4.` [tl will be understood that the'typeofchuck mechanism Shown the flfWiHgS he@ been.

about these results. A that, duringthe movement of the handle 66 35 ot the carrier 33 and, it necessary, swung in the arc ot a circle, to bring the locating pin 39 into registry withand into the irst aperture 431 of the series c; in the form be-` ing described, the rotary adjustments ot the arm 36are communicated to the shaft 18 and to the work carried thereby, and

thus adjust the latter relatively to the mill-r ing machine which may' be of any well known type and has not been illustrated as it forms no partot the present invention. At this time or previously thereto, the tripping member 50 is adjusted in the groove .53 to a position in registry with the fourth tooth 43 from the cam 56 or, in other words, to a position in which three teeth 43 are between the tripping member 50 and said cam 56, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. In this position, the index plate 42 is coupled to the p 18 through the medium ot the index it ot engagement with the teeth' 43 andL locked in this position by means of the'v trigger 49; in other words.` the member 54 is capable 'ot a predetermined, initial movement independent ot theishatt 18, to bring This is due to the 'tact and 1nember`54'trom the position shown in Fig. 2 to that illustrated 'vin Fig.v 3, the pawl lags behind, as it were, or, in other words, rolls along the teeth 'ot the ratchet whe-el 68 until it tinally engagesg'the pin 62 and, being held thereby against further relative movement, couples the member 54 and the ratchet wheel 63 together. A continued movement ot the handle 66 in the indicated direction will now cause the ratchet wheel 68 to move .with the member l54 and to communicate its motion to the shatt 18 and.v to the arm 36 which in turn, through the medium o'' the pin 89, rotatably moves the index plate 42. The' described movement continues until the tripping member 50 engages the trigger 49 land trips the saine to release the latch pin 44 and permit it to again ena tooth` which having been accomplished, the handle V66 is actuated in a reverse direction or to the right in 3, 'thereby similarly moving the member ln this di ,ction ot movement, the pawlO travels r the teeth oit the ratchet 63 without actu'- i ratchet. while tbe'cain' pacs latch pin 44 withoutdepressing` the same, sait .cam tnas .betere -l ted, .beine pin S9 and arm 86. The handle 66 may now.

3, in which the latch pin 44 is depressed t the teeth 4B ot theindex plate The .Y blank is thus locked in position forv cutting tree to move in this direction. it the 4saine time, the tripping member 50 is moved in al direction away troni the latch pin 44, the parts assuming the position indicated in Fig. 2. In other words, in this operation ot the mechanisim the movement ot the elen'ients 54, 60, 56 and 56 is relative to the ratchet 63, the index plate 42, the arm 86 .and the shaft 18 with its c'o-related parts, so that the blank vdoes not partake ot this return movement.- Another actuation ot" the handle 66to the leil't in Fig. 3 will again operate the parts as previously described, and will tl usrot'atably advance the blank a distance corresponding tothe distance between tour teeth, thus bringing the blank to this new position in which a second tooth is cut, this second f tooth corresponding, in the finished gear, to the fifth tooth from the one first cut. These operations ot the handle 66 continued alternately tive tin'ies in the example chosen for the purposes ot illustration. whereby a complete rotation of the blank has been accomplished and twenty teeth have been cut thereon or said work has been adjusted,

to twenty successive positions for different dividing purposes. At this stage, thel'ocating` pin 39 is'withdrawn'trom the first aper ture ot the s .ries 0: and moved to a position in which it registers with the second aperture ot this series, This causes a corresponding movement'ot the arm 86 and shaft .18 and rotatably moves the blank to a similar de'- .gree which corresponds to the space between two adjacent teetlrfThe same ope-rations hereinbetore set forth are now proceeded with with the result that the blank issue cessively positioned so that twenty additional teeth or other divisions may be vout or produced upon the blank contiguous to and between the twenty teeth cut or the divisions produced during the first operation. The pin 39 is thereupon adjusted to .thethird aperture ot the series a; and subsequently, at he proper times, to the fourth and tth aj'iertures tlieieot, tlie parts being operated lat each time to adjust Athe blankto a positionin which a new tooth is ont ror a new division is produced in proper relation to the preceding teeth or divisions. It a hundred teeth are being rcut or the same number ot divisions are required, the operation providesfor the adjusting ot the blank t'o five' difterent positions. in each o'iiwhich twenty teeth or divisions are cut or produced. j

To cut ninety teeth upon the/jblank'or toy divide the saine, into ninety divisions tor other purposes, the aiin 36 is adiusted in its carrier 35 to moveV the locating pin 39 iiiwardly into registry with the apertures 43 ot the series 70, after which thevoperations hereinbefore describ d are proceeded with. f

l`ll.ius,iby bringingthe pin 39 into registry with the various seriesA ot apertures, it is possible to `accurately position the blank r,

'plate 42a and the ratchet are eration, the screws Sed tion @r stud ot the first either with respect to a cutting mechanism or with other devices for the purpose of cutting any desired number ot teeth on the periphery there-oi or for dividing said blank into divisions for anyother purpose.

ln the form illustrated in Figs. 13 to l? inclusive, the index plated@ is mounted upon a hub with which the ratchet 623 is provided in this arrangement; the inde): fastened* together by means oi: sc 42D to move in unison, as illustrated inhig. i3. lt will be understood that the index plat corresponds to the index plate l2 of the iforin irst described and likewise may be iormed with plurality ot recesses or apertures d3 similarly arranged in series o Z), c, ci', c, f, f/ and fr, these apertures or recesses cooperting inthe same way ih the loca ing` pin 39 to adjust the mechan m, and havin been omitted from Fig. lll simply to avoid a confusion ot lines therein. ll ith this ar'- rangement, the ratchet 63 which corresponds tothe ratchet 63 of the iirst term and the connected ind 2r plate 4t2 are loosely mounted upon the hollow spindle '18. ln the form now being` oescribed, the Vindex actuating member 5ft, Vinstead ot being loosely mounted upon the spindle .i8 as is the member 54T in theiirst form, is looselyY mounted upon the previously mentioned huh ot the ratchet 63a. ln the present instance,

this index actuating member 5e@ is provided on its one :tace with undercut annular grooves in which internally screwthreaded sleeves 54b are located, said sleeves projecting' into co-operati'ngr recesses formed in auxiliary member 54; which lies in surface engagement with the member 5@ and is secured iniixed relation thereto or released therefrom through the medium ot screws 54d which screw into the sleeves 54?; as shownin Fig. 13, the auxiliary member 54:0 and themember 54a together form what may be termed a two-part actuatingmemberfthe purpose oi which will appear more fully hereinafter. For convenience of opmay be constructed vwith heads provided with apertures 542@ adapted to receive and accommodate a Vsuitable tool. The indexv actuatingineniber 54 ies the litt i 5G whereby the latchpin le is depressed in the operation of the mechanism. in the same manner as hereinbetore described. s substitute for the projecorm, `the arrangement at present being described includesV a stop 649 carried by the auxiliary member and arranged to abut against the housingl5 will be moreV fully described hereinafter, instead ot against the stop 65, as Figs. l to l inclusive. lnstead ott the toothed pawl '60 shown in Fig. the Jform ot apparatus at present being descrbedncludestoothed reci: 60,a inmint ed in a suitable recess 60?), formed in the au'iliary member lcand normally occupying the position illustrated in Figfll;

The catch 60d is further provided with a recesso()h in whichV a holt 60i is slidably mountenu said bolt being provided with handle 605 extendingY through a slot @Okrin the catch 60d for convenience of manipulation. The bolt VGO is movable to an operative position beyond the one endgic the raolr'tSOt` for maintaining the latter in an inoperative position, as shown in Fig. i5, for the purpose to be more fully described hereinafter. v The catch 60?, in addition to its other unctions,tales theV place of the tripping member of the first form and at the proper time trips the trigger i9 to releasethe latch bolt l/l and is itself actuated by engagement with saidtrigger, to release the toothed rac-lr a, as willbe more` tully described hereinafter. the parts so tar described, the present torni oit my invention includes'a locking device lnv addition to Y the catch member (iOf, at all 'i soV which, in its illustrated' form, comprises a support 67 securedupon the member. 54e and provided with an internal gruideway 1n which a loclrinp; member '68 is slidablymount- L Y en and Vadjustedvto andfrom an operative position by means of a screw 69 provided with an operatingV head 70 located eXteriorly ot' the support 67. lt will be understood that while'the screw is freely rotatable relatively to the support 67.` it is heldv against lengthwise lmovement relatively thereto by hundred teeth upon the periphery of the blank in question. slt will'be understood that in f this caseV also, this is only an example and; that the device may be otherwise used and that the gear teeth referred to are to be taken merely as rep- Y resentative oit divisions into which the blank may be divided automatically and efficiently with `the aid ot the 'apparatus herein described. To'bring about the proposed result,'the arm 36, it' not already in suchv position? is first 'adgusted as previously decomplished and twenty teeth have been cut thereon or said Work has been adjusted to successive positions for the production thereon of twenty divisions. The locating pinis now'withdravvn from the i'irst aperture ofthe series a and moved to a position inV Which it registers With the second aperture of this series to readjust theVY parts in the Vsaine manner las 'previously described,

Ythis operation beine' repeated each time a complete rotation or the blank has been had and twenty additional teeth have been cut thereon or twenty additional divisions produced thereon, as the caseV may be. ln the present instance, therefore, in which a hundred teeth ora hundred divisions are being cut or produced upon the blank, the operation provides for the adjusting of the blank to .five different positions ineao'h of which twenty teeth are cut or twenty di-V i visions Vare produced in exactly the same 39and arm 36, to maintain the parts of the mechanism and the `:vork in their adjusted relations. From the foregoing, itv Will. be

AUS

seen that the armt serves at the proper 'time to shift the Work or blank in succes# sive stages to a series ofpredetermined positions, each having a starting point kadanced with respect totliat of the. preced-V ing stage so that the handle ant. its corelated parts actuate the Work rblank in successive steps in each stageto'bring it to a series of positions in `which the teeth maybe cut kor divisions or other devices produced successively upon the blank.

The apparatus is extremely simple in construction and ofv maximum edicion-cy and .operation and requires no skilled attention in its manipulation. it is particularly adapted for use in combination with a milling machine to adjust the Work pose of equally and accurately dividing the saine in any predetermined manner and for any purpose such as gear cutting, graduat` ing and, in fact, in any case Where a circle, in the forni of Work, is to be divided. The operative movements requii'edfto actuate the device are continuous in a given direction and require no special thought on the part of the operator to be successfully carried out. In the illustrated examples, and more particularly in the formshown in Figs. 13 to 17, these movements must be carried to completion in each instance be-V fore another movement may be started; the

for the purraeaosi device, as a result, is very` accurate and constant in its functions and may be operated at high speed.

It will be understood that the clutch arrangement illustrated may be, replaced by otherforms and types of devices for holding and supporting the Work.

'il/various changes in the specilicV forni shown and described may be made Within the scope of the claiinswvithout departing from the spirit of my invention.

.l claim: Y Y

l.' A dividingV head comprising rotatable means for 'supporting thefvrorln actuating means successive stages, each of which includes successive steps corresponding to predetermined divisions ofthe periphery Vof Vthe work and .means for adjusting the position of the Work With vrespect tosaid actuating f means to rotatably advance each successive stage with respect to the preceding one.

V2. A. dividing head comprising a headstock, a shaft journalled therein, `means, on

lsaid shaft for supporting thereonfthe blank to be divided, actuating mechanism loosely mounted Von said shaft and arranged to be rocked thereon, means for *coupling said Vmechanism to said shaft andfor rotatably adjusting the latter relatively thereto to rotatably advance the blank, Vand means for locking said .couplingV means and shaft rotation during va Amovement ofrecovery of said actuatingmechanism.

A dividing head comprising a Vheadsaid shaft for supporting thereon theblank to be divided, 1an actuating member arto be rooked'relatively to saidshaft, means for coupling saidsliaftto'said member during a movement. ofthe latter in an operative direction, a device for rotatably Yadjusting said shaft with respect to said foirotating said rotatable vmea-ns inV .100 stock, a shaft journalledtherein, nean's onv noV izo

ing member loosely mounted on said shaft, U

a ratchet Wheel .fixed on said. shaft, a pawl carried by said member whereby the latter is operatively connected to said ratchet and thereby coupled to said' shaft, said pawl hav-` ing a predetermined movement relatively to said ratchet- Wheel rior to *becoming locked therewith, wherebyV said actuating member is capable of an initial iat movement independent of said shaft, a toothed index plate loosely mounted on said shaft and'having apertures locatedl in groups upon a face thereof, aspring-pressed latchpin co-operating with said teeth to lock said index plate against rotation, an arm lixed upon said shaft and adapted to rotatably adjust the latter with respect to said actuating member, a spring-pressed locating pin co-opcrating with said apertures to loclr said arm in an adjusted position, a pivoted cam member carried by .said actuating member for releasing said latch-pin from theV teeth of said index plate during said initial independent movement of said actuating member, a trigger for maintaining said latch-pin in its inoperative position and av tripping icmber carried by said actuating member and adjustable toward and away from said cam to trip said trigger and permit said latch-pin to re-engage said teeth. K

5. A dividing head comprising a headstoclr, a shape journalled therein and arranged to carry the work to be divided, a ratchet wheel loosely mounted upon said lshaft and having a hub, an index plate secured to said ratchet to move therewith, actuating means loosely mounted upon the hub of said ratchet wheel, a rack slidably mounted upon said actuating means for cooperation with said ratchet wheel, a device for rotatably adjusting said shaft with respect to said ratchet wheel and index plate to shift the work to new positions, said device cooperating with said index plate to fix the parts in an adjusted relation, means for locking said index plate against rotation during the adjustment of the device' and during a movementof the actuating means in a return direction and means for releasing said locking means to permit said index plate and ratchet wheel to moveV with said shaft by means of said pawl Yduring the operative movement of said actuating means.

6. A dividinghead comprising a head- -stocln a shaft journalled therein, a ratchet wheel loosely mounted on said shaft, actuating `means rotatable relatively to said ratchet wheel, a pawl rack slidablv carried by said actuating means whereby the latter is operatively connected to said ratchet, said pawl rack having a predetermined movement relatively to said ratchet wheel prior to becoming locked therewith, whereby said actuating means is capable of an initial movement independent of said ratchet wheel,

a toothed index plate connected with saidV ratchet wheel to move therewith and having apertures located in groups upon a face thereof, a spring-pressed latch-pin cooperating vwith saidteeth to lock said index plate against rotation, an arm fixed upon said shaft andadapted to rotatably adjust the latter with respect' to said actuating means, ja spring-pressed locating pin cooperating with said apertures to loclr'said arm in an adjusted position, a pivoted cam .member carried by said actuating means for releasing said latch-pin from the teeth of said index plate during said initial independent movement of said actuating` means, a trigger for maintaining said latch-pin in its inoperative position and a tripping device carried by said Iactuating means whereby said vpawl rack is locked in engagement with saidl ratchet wheel andwhereby said trigger istripped to permit said latch-pin to re-engage said teeth.

7. A dividing head comprising a. headstock, a shaft journalled therein, means on said shaft for supporting thereon the blank to be divided, a two-part actuating member mounted to rock relatively to said shaft, means whereby the two parts of said actuating member are loclred together, a combined Vratchet wheel and index member to move with said shaft during the operative `movement of said actuating member, and

means carried bythe other part of said actuating member and acting as a lock for maintaining-said pawl in connectionwitli said ratchet wheel and asa. trip to release said locking member from its inoperative position and being itself concurrently tripped to release said pawl. i i y In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand.

Josnri-i A. Ferraris;

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