US1468945A

US1468945A - Building construction

Info

Publication number: US1468945A
Application number: US420710A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ralph Z Hopkins
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-10-30
Filing date: 1920-10-30
Publication date: 1923-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 1940-09-25

Description

Sept.v 25 1923.

R. Z. .HOPKINS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Oct. 30 1920 4 sheetssneet 1 Tra/WY l Sept., 25,1923.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION r Filed Oct. 30 1920 Sheetgv-Sheet 3 v w/TNEss-` l@ (o [5, n 2J' 22. /NvE/vToR Ram @www www ATTNEY Sept. 25 1923.

R. Z. HOPKINS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 l Filed Oct'. 30 1920 Patented Seot. Z5, i923.

instan sra RALPH z. Hoririiis, or iinfinoi'i, iaieiiisrii-i.`

B'Uiizniiis corisrnno'rioii.

Application mea oetobesa,19am-sensi No; 420,710..

To @ZZ tollem imag concern.' Y w it lrnoivn that l, RALPH Z. Eioririits, a

S"chigan, have invented Ya new andv Ininroved Building Construction', of Whichtlie following is a specification. y

rl`his invention relates to the construction of the frames of window and door openings for reinforced concrete buildings, particularly of vthat class of buildings wherein the outer siirfaces of Wells, floors and roofs are constituted by blocks or units which are of stock or standard sizes and which are preferably produced at a vconveniently located factory, concrete 'being poured into the spaces between the units after they are placed in proper position, Wherever desiralle.

This invention consistsin a novel ceinbination of units or blocks adapted to he held together when assembled by connectors which may be separate from or formed on the units, as shown in the drawings and particularly pointed out in the claims. .Y

In the drawings, Fig. l is an elevation of a portion of a Vbuilding Wall." and 3 are sections on the lines 2-2 and 3 3 .of Fig. i, respectively. F igl-l isa verticalse'ction of the linte'l of a caseinent WindowY ein` hodying this invention, and Fig. is a simi-Y ltig 6 is aj lar section of the sill thereof.V horizontal section through a hinge or this Window. Figs. 7 and 8 are an end view and'f an elevation respectively of va lintel unit. Fig. 9 is a horizont-al section on a large scale of a hinge unit. FigilO is a vertical section on a larger scale of a sill enit; Fig. ll'is a horizontal section through a'door jainb showing the casing, door and hinge. F ig. l2 is a perspective vie'wofa facing or stop Yineinher thereof. Fig. 13 is' an end vica' of the unit embodying this `facing' meint-er and the reinforced backing therefor. Figs. lland l'are views of a tie plate. Fig. itlis a side vieiv of a jamh unit. Fig. 1T isfa perspective of an inner sill unit, also shown iii Fig. Fig. 18 is an inner elevation and 19 plan of a Wallunit. Fig. 20 is an elevation and'Fig. .il a plan of a Wall vtie-plate. Fig. 22 is a plan of la section of a reinforced r-fall Vunit and Fig. A23 is a plan of the end of a Wall tie-plate adapted-to `eingnge therewith. Fig. 2sV is a perspective "of an interior Wall unit. Fig. 2lis aperspective of a center sill unit, also shown in Fig. V28. F is a lvertical section of a Window lintei.V ig. 27

citizen of the United States, land residing Detroit, in the county of l'layne and State of 16, as shown in Fiets is a horizontal section 'ofone side of a i1,vin- 4'dow traine.

a Window sill. 29 fis aV bottoni planvof a guide plate for 'Windov-J` sash and FigBO is a section on the'V line 30-30 thereof. 3l is a hottoinplan and Fig. 32 is anend viewof supporting l'plate 'forythe sash guides. 33 is arplanandfFig, 34 is an end view of center unit forv theside Walls vand lintel of a Window traine.V Fig. 35 is an 'interior and'Fig: 36 an end elevation of'al facing unit for the window frame. i Fig. 37'

is a rearvieW and Fig. 38 is an Aend view of an exterior Window sill unit. Y v Similar reference vcharacters",refer to like parts throughout the several views.

'Fig 5 'shows a section ofa Windoiv si-ll inade up of thi'ee'diierent sets'of sillunits ing: which is lilewis'e'builtup of outer Wall Fig. 28 is a

vertical vsectionofV

1,2 and 3, supported oy the wall of the buildi units t and -'held together'fby the tie-platesV 6. `These units are all molded in advance, Y preferahlyat a properlyfe'quipped factory and are so'forined ythat they'inay Ahe attached to eachother by means Aof properly formed connectors or by interlocking tongues. The linner sill. units" l (also shown inFig. i7) arel foi-ined With dovetail grooves `7l to receive connectors (such as shown in Figl) ,"which unite vthem tothe yiii-terinediate Vsill units2,

as indica-ted iii dotted lines in Fig.` 5, the unit 2 1oeing generally-'similar to the ,uniti shown hr-.vingfv the saine dovetail grooves 9; l

An outer sill unit 3 is vshown in Figs. 3

and 38 `with its grooves l() to receive conf nectors S to unite iD to theinterniediate sill krneinloer 2. The inner and outer sill inem-y liers rest on the outer Wall units l While the intermediate' inen'iliers' 2 rest on the interinodiate Wall units. These Wall units Llare shown in FigsjlS and i9, provided with grooves l2`to receiveV the tongues 13 on the. ends of the tie-plates 6 (Fig. 2l). lf de-l sired, these tongues andthe vWal-leef 'the grooves l2may beA reinforced by means of.

the metal shells le and l5 respectively. which serve as inolds for the adjacent portions of these concrete building units. rlhe i WallVV units et inay he reinforced by means ofrods gs, 1S, 19 and 22, and such instance, the rods 18 einployed to secure the shells lof theY tongues 13 (Fig. 25);V Y

The tic-plates 6 and the intermediate Wall units 5 niay formed Withk notches i6 and Yrods may he placed wherever desired', as kfor ilo `frime units .v j, Willi f' mayrest on the window casing anc .34. These Vcasing units extend across the top and then down the sides of the windows, as shown in Fig. 6, and are united to the 1 vertical and intermediate in ans of the connectors y8 which extend into grooves 23a or 23h, depending-on whether the units are at the top side of the opening. lVhen the sill units the l' :el units 22 and the upright units for either door or window openings are t the

stop members

26, 27 and 28, respectiver may be placed Vin the molds so that the concrete will unite positively with these stop members, these being formed with dovetail tongues to make the connection more effective. vThese stop units are preferably of iron.

any f ad number of hinges 29. are seured upright stop members 28 and o the e frame members 30 of a easement window sash or door. The parts 2S are preferably formed with a groove 32 to receive the rib on the sash or'door. If desired, a properly fashioned strip 34 of metal may be mol led in the member and the stop unit 28 afterwards slid into position, as indicated in Fig. 9. The stop units are not necessarily of the same length as the concrete blocl; to which they are attached, as they may be m de longer so as to break oints with the blocks.

The units 27 (Fig. 4) are preferably stepped to fit the stepped upper member of be sash, to insure water-tight joints, and, desired, the concrete blocks 22 may be 'nolded onto sheet metal reinforcen'ients 36 1 23C' to receive the connectors 8 and the p members 27 respectively, as indicated llig. 7. rihe intermediate sill members may also be molded onto the sheet metal forms 3S (Fig. 10) which are adapted to receive the stop units 26. These stop members re formed i 1h gutters 39 and the ribs rely formed with drainq o'e i shield strip 43 of rubber or be attached. to the bottom mem- Y window'sash n 11 to 16 inclusive a construction for doors and easement windows o1' thersame general design is detailed, Fig. 11 being a lioiaontal section through vertical side members of the casing and door. The

'members 49. (Fig. 14).

facing units and 46 are united by tieplates 47 which are shown to have their tongues 46 protected by the sheet metal rlhe intermediate members 50 are united to the facing blocks 45 and 46 by means of connectors S, these members 50 having grooves which receive the connectors faced by means of the sheet metal members 52 (Fig. 13), if desired. The kvertical member 53 of the door is connected to the stop members 55 by the hinges 54.

Figs. 26 to 38 inclusive show a window frame adapted for a sliding-sash, which frame may embody the same inner sill units 1, outer sill units 3,

wall units

4, 5 and 6, concrete fills 19, inner face plates 23 and outer face plates 24 as the window and door frames just described, and the same connectors 8 may be used to unite these tending flanges 61 which prevent window. Connected to the inner and

outer face units

23 and 24 at the top of the window opening are the units 62, Yand at the sides are the vertical unitsGS, and secured to them by means of the tongues 64 are the shallow channels 65 to which the sash guides 66 may be connected by means yof the screws 67.

The sections of these guides 66 which are secured to the lintel` 62 may be of any desired length, but for each ofthe upright sides of the casing l prefer to use three sections, when the upper and lower sliding sashes are of substantially the same height, and to have the upper and lower sections of the same length and the middle section somewhat shorter. The upper1 and lower sections 66 may be released and removed 'when the sash are slid down and then up,

after which themiddle .sections may be released and permitted to'slide down. The

y plates 66.

The several units may all be reinforced by providing sheet metal shells 'for selected surfaces, as indicated in Figs. 13, 21 and 22, wherever such reinforcements may be found advisable.

While the construction' is particularly adapted for Window and door openings, it is rain splashing up back of the lower sash of the,

for facing all ides not liinited thereto, for such units as shown in tlie draivi igs niay be employed for base boards, plate rails and such other architectural details as inay be conveniently inanu factored.

The details of tlie several units inay all' be changed by those skilled in the art Without departing from the spirit of iny invention as set iortli in the iolloiving claiin Y l claini: fr

l. A traine for an opening in a Wall, said trarne consisting oip innerr and outer facing units adjacent said opening and arranged vertical and horizontal rows, janib and lintel units betr-reen the facing units and also arranged in vertical and horizontal rows, all said units being precast and inornied with refristering grooves, and connectors mounted in said grooves to unite the units into ieraines.

2. A frana-e for an opening in a Wall,l said traine consistingor" inner and outer facing units adjacent said opening and arranged in vertical and horizontal roivs,rjainb and lintel units between the facing units' and also arranged in vertical and'fhorizontal rows, all said units being precast and liornied with registering grooves, and connectors in ounted in said grooves to unite tlie units into frames, adjacent Jfacing units'o the ver-V tical rows having the ends toward the open# ings in the same plane and the opposite staggered. Y

3. A traine for an opening in a Wall, sait aine consisting of inner and outer units for cing all sides ot the wall adjacent said pening, janib andlintel units between tlie acing units all the units being precast, nieans to connect ther adjacent units, and nietal plates a units.

A iii-aine for en o ening in a iiall, said traino consisting of in er and outeriinits the Wall adjacent said openino', janib lintol units between tlie facing units all the units being precast, means to connect the adjacent units, motif plates attaffiA l. to the jarnb and lintel nuits. V`guide piates tor i ndoiv saslies attached to the nietal plates.

5. A traine 'for openinoj in a Wall, said traine consisting ot inner .outer units tor facing the ivall'at all sides ot said opening, janib and lint-cl units between the Jracing units all the units being precast, ineens to connect the t plates attached to the jainb and lintelnnits, a.- d guide plates for wirdv saslies 1cl,ed to the instal platesr at f Window opening.; vone of y being positioned the ini-:idle height and at each sident th openin other guide plates botli above and belonY said niiddl'e plate. Y

' 6. A traine for an opening in a Wall, said att ends

VsaidV oneninof and 'amb units betwee Uached to tlie-janib and lintel' adjacent units, inetal' traine consisting of inner and outer units for facing the Wall at all sides of said opening, Ajanib and lintel units between the facing units all the units being precast,

nieans to connect the adjacent units, metal] plates Vattached to the janib and lint-el units,

guide platesV forY Window sashes attached to the nietal plates, said Wall being formed with chambers vifor sash Weights between the side facinv units and back ot the 'ainb units C 7 vertical and horizontal rows, janib and lintel units between the facing' units andl also arranged in vertical and horizontal rows, all saidunits being precast and formed With registering grooves, connectors mounted in said frrooves to unite the units into trainee,

and a concrete'tilling between the 'facing units after the units have been erected.

8. Vtrarne for an opening inV a said traine consisting-of tacing units acl-YV j acent'said opening, janibY units between the facing units, said units'being precast and liavingregistering grooves, and connectors to unite the-janib and l'facing units.V

V9. Airaine ior an opening in a ivall, sait trarne consisting orn facing units adjacent facing units, said units being precast and having registering grooves, connectors to unite tlie units, and detachable ribs lioouted on the jainb units. 4

l0. A :traine Afor an opening saidY trarne consisting of `facingl units adacent said opening and units between he facing units, said Vunits being precast and having dovetail grooves, and connectors having dovetail endsY nniti the units.

Vll. A trarne for an opcnng in a ivall, comprising units cols-tituting an end surface of the traine and 'facing units on each side of such ifi'rst nained units, ali oic such units being precast and V'having unite the units.

l2; Al traine for comprising units c tace oic the traine and facing units on each side of such nained units, all of such units `being precast and haring registering grooves. connectors in Athe groovesto unite the units, said facing' units having additional verti-cal dovetail grooves registering with each other, and connecting plates e3;-

an opening in a Wall,

tending across between seidrr'acing unitsv iitting said having their ends dovetailed dovetail grooves.

the Y in a Wall,V

registering ,QJTOOVG'Sn and CO'HDGCCTS Yin they grooves to onstituting an end sur-y Y nniirnz. Horirins;

iio