US1468840A - Pistol - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 25, 1923. 1,468,840

B. l.. SHAVER l PISTOL Filed May 3l. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l -TT v i7 f Ycitizen othe United States, and res erative or inoperative position;

Patented Septs 25, i923a BERT L; srravnn, or crm',

PISTOL.

1 Application filed-May '31, 1921. Serial No, $73,794.

To all whom. 't may cour-era.'

Be it linen that lnn'r L.

i aven, a dent of Kansas City7 county oi Jackson State ot Missouri have invented a cer un new and useful l "ove-nient in Pistolsn of?? which the follow/ ng is a complete nnecriz-ation.

The present inventionl rei s tore arms7 and aims to provide simpre and inexpensive arzn construction having' various noveland improved features not only in the iiringmechanism but other parts of y the construction. v w

Accordingly?. one the improvement consists in a double hammer construction ol2 such a charactcry to ailord suihcient tiring impact for rcussion purposes, while at the saine time eli: inating any-tendency to undue or shork to the aun or an;1 objectionable recoil. thereof. For this purpose i have provided a percussion .hammer or block together an. impact hammeroperating' at the rear o'f the percussion hz rimer or block.V and adapted to Vdrei-the. sheil by sharp blow delivered against the percussion bloei: or hammer on release of the tr'gger. The construction provided is also such toA automatically lock both of the hammersin recoil position after each firing operationylior release the shell and convenient reloadingv of the fun.

.el novel form of'hammer latchingr and re leaeinpfy mechanism is also provided for accommodating' the peculiar hammer arrangement, and allowingT the impact hammer to be and latched in eithe partly or fully cocked position.- i f g i Another feature of the improvement is a neat and conveniently operated torniy oi hammer lock :for the-percussion block or hammer., which lock is also equipped vwith a spring element ttor holding;r it inA eitheropin addition to which l also provide an improved springactuated ejector for extracting' the shells Y when said, hammer loclr is in operative Vposi- Y the event of any defect or breaking oit such Vsprings they may be conveniently7V renewed or repairech at a minunum of expense.

With these general objects in viewthe invention will. now be described by referenc "o the accompanying; drawings7 illusi rm of construction Vwhich l i. or cniliodyinu the proposed improvements, after which the novel features therein will be particularly set forth and claimed: i

ln the drawings- Figure 1 is a. side elevation, slowing; a in constructed in accordance with the presinvention with broken lines illustratthe satel. -coclr position ot the rear or impact hammer;

7Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 3 view of the Fig-jure 4L- is a side elevation, partly in section and showing' the recoil position sumed by the hammers on firing of the gun; Figure 5 is a transverse section taken on the line ot x7-V of Figure Il;

Figure -6 is plan view oi the aun with the barrel removed and hammer arms shown the same; is a central vertical sectional svn;

in section; and

Figures 7 and 8 are iront views of the iront rear hammers, respectively.

Referring now to the drawinesin detail, these illustrate the improved tiro arm as comprisingthe usual stock portion 10 carrying a breech loading barrel 12 mounted in a suitable groove or channel 1,2 provided on the upper edge margin or' 'the stock 10 and secured in place by means of a, screw 14 eX- tending upward through the forward end of the stoel; portion 10 and threaded into the bott-om oi the barrel 12, as clearly illustrated in Figure 3. For the tiring of a shell 15 introduced Within the breech end ofthe barrel 12 (as-shown in Figures and 4), l'. provide a percussion block or hammer 16 pivotally mounted opposite the breech of the barrel 12 by means of arms 1.9 engaging opposite sides `oit the stock l0 and pivotally connected thereto by means of a oin 17 passino; transversely through the stoclr 10 and retained in position by means oi' a suitable screw 18 threaded into one end of the screw 17, as shown in Figure 5. The block or hammer 16 is formed with a suitablepercussion rib or lugf 16 for percussive engagement with the shell 1 5, as indicated in Figure'B. The hammer 16 is also held normally in forward position by the action of a coil spring 20 attached to a projection 2l depending between the arms 19, the other end oi said springbeing attached, as indicated at 22, within a suitable longitudinal recess 23 formed in the upper portion oi the stock 1o.

At the rear of the-hammer 16 is operatively mounted a second or impact hammer 25, which is somewhat heavier than the block` or hammer 16, and similarly carried by means of arms-26 straddling the upper portion of the stock 10 and pivotaliy connected thereto by a pin 17 and screw 18, the same as with the hammer 16. This hamme1 is adapted to be actuated forward into [sharp engagement with the percussion hammer 16 by the action or a pair oi coil springs 27, which are prei rably mounted exteriorly and in exposed position by having their for- Ward ends attached to hooks 28 projecting up from the top marffin ofthe stock 10 at opposite sides oi the barrel 12, and having the rear ends oi" said springs attached to hooks 29 formed on the opposite ends of transverse element 30 extending throw-gh the hammer 25; the combined action oi these springs 27 is also preferably greater than the action of the single coil springl 2O which is connected to the hammer 16.

Thev hammer 25 is adapted to be maintained in only partly cocked, or safety-cock, position as shown by the vbrein-in lines in Figure 1, or in ull-coclmd position, as shown by the broken lines in Figure 4, by

engagement of a notch 32 formed on the hammer 25 with either of a pairv ot .catch elementsV operating as hereinafter described. The means for retaining the hammer 25 in partly cocked position comprises a catch element 33 pivotallv'mounted upon a transverse pivot as indicated at 34) within the longitudinal recess 23 (see Figures 8 and V4), the pivoted end of said catch 33 being provided with Va depending finger portion 35 which is embraced between a coil spring 36 and a second catch element 37 mounted slidingly within a drilled. bore 38, the inner end portion of which bore forms a seat tor said spring 36. The outer projecting end of the catch 37 is adapted for retaining engagement with the notch 32 oi the hammer 25,

while the inner end or" the catch 37 is formed with a suitable notch 39 engaged by the upper end of a trigger element 40 pivoted upon a transverse pivot pin 41 within a recess 42 formedl within the stock 1G, clearly shown in Figures 3 and 4. The usual type of trigger guard 48 is also provided for protecting the projecting portion of the trigger 40.`

For convenience in ejecting the shell 15 when the forward hammer or block 16 is locked for firing, as hereinafter described, I provide an ejecting member 45lslidingly mounted between the breech end ott the barrel 12 and the upper margin of the stock 10, and formed with an upwardly projecting portion 46 countersunlr within the breech .backward movement of the latter.

formed with ay lugrr portion 49 operating' within a recess 50 inthe stoel; 10 where a coil spring 51 is positioned tor engagement with'the lug 49, whereby the arrn47' and the ejector member are maintained normally in advance positioniwiththe ejector extension 46 seated against the breech end of the barrel'12. In the ejecting operation, therefore, it is only necessary to press against the free projecting end of the arm 47 to er;- tract an exploded shell 15, as. will be of course readily understood, the ejector then automatically returning to inoperative initial position. A slot 44 is formed in the arm 47-1or engagement with the screw 17 and thereby limiting the ejecting movement.

I also provide a convenient means for locking the percussion hammer 16, when the gun is not in use, or for firing or" more powerful shells, said means Vcomprising a movable clip or detent element 55 mounted on top of the rear end of the barrel 12, with one end of the detent resting in a recess y56 and adapted to be reversed in position end for end Withnr'eference tothe recess, so as to occupy either the inoperative position illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, or its operative position wherein the clip .or detent is swung over the rear sight projection 57 as well as over the forward projection'of the ront hammer 16, and therebypreventing any That portion of the clip which rests within vthe recess 56 is engaged yieldingly byga le'ajl spring element 58, against the action of which the clip or detent element'` 55 may be swung into either of its positions and obviouslyV is yieldingly retained in such positions by said spring. ff

y It is thus apparent that I have-provided a comparatively simple inexpensive, and yet thoroughly practical construction,

iis

for carrying out thedesired object-s of the invention. in explanation of the operation of the tiring mechanism, comprising the hammers 16 Vand 25. and vthe catch and releasing mechanism therefor, it may be. stated that normally, or when'the gun isnot in use, the "forward block or hammer 16 is preferably engaged by the clip of detent elei ment55, as shown the same time the be allowed to rest hammer-16. fis-shown in Figure 1,., or it-may be retracted intnthe dotted line position shown in Figure 1, representingthe safetycoclr position of said hammer'25, wherein it in Figures` 1 and 2. At impact hammer 25 in-ay in engagement with ftheV isengaged bythe catch 33 and may'no't beV released from this position by pressure upon the trigger 40, on account or the contour of the notch in said hammer 25. .For firing purposes, when it is desired tooperate the hammer block 16 as a movable hammer, the detent or clip is swung forward out of engagement with the hammer 16and into the position shown in Fieures 3 and 4l 'and the impact hammer 25 brought back into fully cocked position in engagement with the -catch 37, whereupon, by pressure upon the trigger 110, the catch 37 is retracted and the hammer released to the action of its springs 27, which will result ma sharp blow being delivered upon the percussion hamfinerV 16 and the irin'g of the shell 15.

this forward movement of the hammer 25,

it will clear the free end of the catch 33, due

to the latter being fully depressed by such movement of the catch 37 as is necessary to release the latter from its engagement with Y the hammer 25, as will be obvious on inspection of Figures e and fl. On explosion of 4the shell, the forceY of the recoil will result in -simultaneous backward movement of Yboth hammers 16 and 25, for some distance afrain'st the combined action of their springs 20'and 27. after which the action of said springs will cause a simultaneous return movement of the hammers, during which return movement `the hammers will remain in engagement, on account of the relative- `greater strength of the pair of springs 27. In this movement, furthermore, the rear portion of the hammer 16 is maintained within what may be termed a notch 60 formed on the forward portion of the hammer-25, and after a certain extent of return movement of the hammers, vthe same will come to rest,due tothe movement of the hammersV about di'erent centers as represented by the two dierent pins 17, so that "the rear hammer 25 is in effect latched by means' of the forward hammer '16, as shown in Figure 4, and retained so latclied until the impact hammer 25 is released from engagement with the hammer 16 by backward pressure thereon and the percussion hammer 16 at the same time allowed to be returned to its forward positionat the breech end of the barrel 12.' This tempofresh shell,-withoiit 'requiring any manipu-A lation of the hammers, the fired shell-haw' rary holding ofthe hammers i6 and 25 in their'recoil position is ofV advantage, since it allows the recharging of the gun with 16 to firing position and the hammer 25 to fully cocked position as represented by the niers, as i ill be obvious, but as ordinarily broken lines in Figure 4. ln the case of any extreme recoil on thepart of the pistol, the shoulder 62 provided opposite the catch 37 would limi; the recoil movement of the haindesigned the recoil movement will not carri,r the hammers much past the position illustrated in Figure l. By means of the double hammer construction arranged and operating as described, it is apparent that trie weight of the movable or impact hammer may be reduced materially, and yet all the percussive force necessary be exerted without the attendant jar or shock usually experienced in the case of a heavier impact hammer, and by dividing the mass or weight bo- Vtween the two hammers, as shown, a sufficient weight is provided for keeping down the recoil movement to a more favorable minimum.

A further :feature of improvement is seen in the automatic character of theshell ejec- `tor, which is self-acting in. its return to original or inoperative position as shown in Figures 2 and Ll. this ejector is used only where the lock 55 is employed in operative position for locking the hammer block 16 in firing position, for longer rifle constructions, or for the liringof the more powerful shells, said ham- Vmer boing unlocked after firing to permit operation of the ejector fio. Another improved feature (and which is of no small importance) is the construction which simplifies the repair of the gun in a case of defective parts, such as a broken spring 27 in which event these might be readily replaced, or anv other suitable flexible spring element, such as a rubber band, he substituted for Such springs at a trivial expense' and without any such annoyance as would otherwise result from the gun being rendered inoperative. At the samc'timc it will be noted that the other features of the tol construction are of an extremely simple' character, and could be repaired by an unskilled novice and with very little time and labor. For example, theA mounting of the hammers completely outside thestock portion of the gun, with their pivoted supporting arms arranged as shown, affords a structure which can not only be madev more cheaply but is easy'and economical to repair. The use of the contractile coil springs for pulling the hammers forward (instead of compression springs for exerting a pushing action at the rear of the hammers) is 'thought to be novel in this relation, and it.

is not intended, therefore, that the invention is to be confined to the mounting of the springs 27 at the exterior of the gun, as in some cases it may be preferred to mount them in enclosed position with their forward ends attached beneath the barrel, in the same manner as the coil spring 20.

It will be understoodv that' against The improved construction is also adapted to Ybe modified so as to employ a single suiciently light percussion hammer, adapted for the tiri-ng ofV smaller shells, such as BB cartridges, and which I therefore deem to be Within the scope of my invention.

Another feature of advantage in connection with the'action of the'hammer or hlock 16" and the retention of this hammer in its recoil position after firing, is the tact that itis not allowed to be driven Jrortvard breech i of the barrel after the shell has heen blown out, and tuus the improved construction serves to prevent the battering and marring of these parts because the hammer or block i6 is never inits or- Ward position except when a shell isin position for firing.y

While Il have illustratecL and described what I noW regard as the preferred form of construction for embodying the proposed improvements, I desire' to reserve the right to make such changes as may fairly tall Within the scope of the following claims.

What I claim is :e

l. A pistol construction comprising a breech-loading barrel, a percussion hammer pivotally mounted in operative relation to theV breech end or" said barrel, andan impact hammer operatively mounted Yat the rear oic said first said hammer and independent ci the latter. Y l

2. A pistol constructie comprising a breech-loading barrel, a percussion hammer mounted in operative relation to the breech end of said barrel, andan impact hammer movably mounted at the rear olf saidv iirst hammer, said hammers 1seing movable rearwardly into recoil position after each firing operation and provided With coacting means for retaining saidv hammers in recoil position. q

3. A pistol construction comprising a breech-loading barrel, a percussion hammer pivotal'ly mounted at the breech end of said barrel, and an impact hammer mounted for independent movement at the rear oi said first hammer, said hammers heilig movable rearwardly into recoil position after each tiring operation and provided with coacting means for retaining said hammers in recoil position.

4. A pistol construction comprising a breech-loading barrel, a percussion hammer and an impact hammer mounted for independentv pivotal movement about separate axes at the breech end of said barrel, said percussion hammer being operative to latchY erative Vto latch said impact hammer in re-V coil position ater each iring operation.

6. `In a pistol construction, a hammer movable into either partly cocked or fully cocked position, a spring-actuated catchelement for retaining ysaid hammer in partly cocked position, anda second spring-actuated catch element or'retaining the hammer in fullyi cocked position, said first catch element being adapted for Ymovement independent of the second catch element for eilecting retaining engagement with said hammen 7. In a pistol construction, a hammer movable into either partlycocked or fully cocked position, a catch element Jfor retaining said hammer in partly cocked position, a second catch element for retaining the hammer in fully cocked position, said first catch element Vbeing adapted for movement independent oi the second catch element'for'efiecting retaining engagement With said hammer, and a trigger arranged to actuate both of said catch elements for releasing the hammer. Y Y p 8. lIn a pistol construction, a hammer movable into either partly cocked or fully cocked position, Va catch element for retaining said hammer in fully cocked position, a trigger for actuating said catch element to release the liammenand a second catch element for retaining said hammer in partly cocked position and adapted to be moved.

by said trigger to entirely clear said hammer as the latter is released from fully vcocked position.

9. A gun construction comprising a stock, a breech-loading barrel thereon, and a trigger-operated catch comprising a'pin slidingly mounted .in said stock and having its rear end adapted to be projected outwardly from the rear portion oi said stock into position for detachable engagement With said hammer.

In Witness whereof I hereunto aiix my signature.

.BERT L. siiAvER.

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