US1466331A - Smudging and frost-preventing composition - Google Patents
Smudging and frost-preventing composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1466331A US1466331A US582298A US58229822A US1466331A US 1466331 A US1466331 A US 1466331A US 582298 A US582298 A US 582298A US 58229822 A US58229822 A US 58229822A US 1466331 A US1466331 A US 1466331A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- smudging
- frost
- composition
- fuel
- preventing composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940001516 sodium nitrate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
Description
Patented Aug. 28, 192-33.
time
er Ti a an HERBERT 'CQFIFIMAN, OF SAN MATEO, CALIFORNIA.
SMUDGING AND FROST-PEEVENTING COMPOSITION.
No Drawing.
tions, of which the following is; a specification. I J
This invention relates to compositions of matter and has special reference to a solid fuel compound.
More particularly the invention relates to the composition of a solid fuel for smudging and frost prevention.
It is common, at present, to protect the trees in orchards in the early spring fro-m the blighting by frost, especially when the trees are in bloom or early fruitage, by raising the temperature of the: atmosphere in such an orchard by building fires at intervals between the trees. Under the present methods these fires, usually using oil as a fuel, are built in special burners or stoves. This method is objectionable for various reasons among which may be mentioned the expense of the burners, as one of these special devices is ordinarily 'used for every four trees; and the work required to place and feed these burners since they must be moved out of the way to enable the ground between the trees to be cultivated and re placed each night to be ready for sudden frosts in the morning.
The principal obj ect of the present invention is the provision of an improved solid composition fuel especially adapted for smudging and frost preventing and which may be burnt directly on the ground without any special burners or other draft pro ducing devices being necessary.
A second important object of the invention is the provision of improved'fuel of this class which may either be used in bulk or in briquetted form.
A third important object of the invention is the provision of such an improved fuel which may be readily lit and which will burn freely notwithstanding its position directly on the ground.
' Vith the above and other objects in the slower final burning.
view, as will be hereinafter apparent, the invention consists of an lmproved fuel composition hereinafter fully described and specifically claimed. I
In the formation of this composition I Application filed August 16, 1922. Serial No. 582,288.
preferably employ as one of the principal,
ingredients, carbon in a more. or less pure form and it has been found that the oil-gas residue, known as lamp black, which is a by product obtained in the manufacture, of
illuminatin gas from crude oil, is one of the best forms of carbon to use although charcoal or lignite may also be employed.
; In any event it has been found advisable to grind the carbon used to a powder. To a i suitable quantity of the carbon is added a quantity of saw dust of the same'weight', the sawdust being employed just as it comes from the mill, in which condition it may or may not contain a certain proportion of shavings or small chips. To these two are added a quantity of crude oil equal in weight to the combined weights of the carbon and saw dust, the mass being slightly heated to facilitate absorption of the oil. Finally,in order to promote and hasten the combustion of the fuel, there is added to the mass approximately 20% of its total weight of sodium nit-rate. These ingredients are thoroughly blended by stirring or mixing in some suit able mechanical mixing device.
Thefuel thus prepared can be shipped in bulk or packed in suitable containers such as paper bags or the like and can be distributed in the packages or in heaps between the trees. 7
7 It has also been found that the quantity of crude oil may be slightly reduced and pitch or asphaltum added to form a better binder so that the composition may be pressed into suitable briquettes. To do this, s
it is preferred to employ from 5 to 7{-% of the pitch or asphaltum, properly. heated. These briquettes are preferably perforated to increase combustion.
The composition thus formed has the a property of burning at first with a high intensity, this continuing until the more volatile elements have been consumed, after which it will continue to burn with practically no flame until practically all of the composition has been burnt, there being very little ash left. This gives the fuel a high more than once or twice a year and thus an expensive outlay for stoves or burners of very little use is avoided.
Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is
1.7 As a new composition of matter, a solid fuel for smudging and frost prevention including in combination ground carbon, sawdust, crude oil, and sodiiun nitrate in proportions suitable to produce smoke and heat and ensure complete combustion of all ingredients.
2. As a new-composition of matter, a solid fuel for smudging and frost prevention in-' cluding in combination, that oil gas residue called lamp black in a finely ground condition, sawdust, crude oil and sodium nitrate in proportions suitable. to produce smoke and heat and ensure complete combustion of all ingredients.
3. As a new composition of matter,'a solid amount equal to 20% of the weightof lamp I black, sawdust and crude oil.
4. As a new compositlon of matter, a solid fuel for smudging andfrost prevention comprising in combination equal parts of that oil gasresidue called lamp black in a finely ground condition, and sawdust, crude oil substantially equal in weight to the lamp black and sawdust, sodium nitrate in an amount equal to 20% of the weight oflamp black, sawdust and-crude oil, and substantially 5% of pitch like substance.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature.
HERBERT COFFMAN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US582298A US1466331A (en) | 1922-08-16 | 1922-08-16 | Smudging and frost-preventing composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US582298A US1466331A (en) | 1922-08-16 | 1922-08-16 | Smudging and frost-preventing composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1466331A true US1466331A (en) | 1923-08-28 |
Family
ID=24328593
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US582298A Expired - Lifetime US1466331A (en) | 1922-08-16 | 1922-08-16 | Smudging and frost-preventing composition |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1466331A (en) |
-
1922
- 1922-08-16 US US582298A patent/US1466331A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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