US1463993A - Rifle grenade - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 7, 1923. y 1,463,993

F. T. BURT RIFLE GRENADE Filed April 17 1922 I5 Sheets-Sheet 3 s y K .g5-Ng .A m s lullgllmM N 1E vl M l umV// ggfs Aug. 7, 1923f l 1,463,993 F. T. BU RT RIFLE GRENADE Filed April 1"(v 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Franklin 11. zgr' Aug. 7., 1923.

' F. T. BURT RIFLE GRENADE Filed April 17. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Qmaha,

CTI

To all'ftohomfz'tmayconcem.; i `-Be y't known thatI FRANKLIN T.--BURT, al citizen of .th'e'flUnt'ed States, residing at in the county of Douglas and State` oflNebraska,7have invented 'certain newV and useful Improvementslin Rifle Grenades; and I do hereby declarei=.thev following to be .a`

vention, ysuch `asu/.ill -enableother's kskilled in the art At'fl'wliich it yialopertains 'to ymake4 and ugefthre5.211119;k -v' A My invention "lltes` to'y 'improvements' in rifle grenades inte'n ded primarily for use :in

otherl small farms 'Where "f the l 1 ltraj ectory is necessarily short', and. E"Where it is desirable to make the grenades-especially. sensitive kto l eXDlQSionzjupon impact, Land in Whichit ises'- sential that the ,'glrenadejshallbe as safe as practicableto those'using the same.;`

/ The invention" .isjnot only yintended 5to tpro- Vide ay safev andfL eflicientfgrenadeibut? also( a percussion; -f fuse arrangement especially adapted lfory use injdevices of' the character' describedk vs fhioh will be both safeand effi- .cient in usesj? f j lThe rifle,k grenade' is l not` used'for demolition'. I t'jhasi little :orfno penetration. Itsv maximum: effectzisfobtai-ned `by' aburst' near the groundfpr atthe instant-fof impact. No practical' tiniefusev existswhich isy suitablev for the; rglwenade' .andy Whichwvill `.fr-ive it'an air burst at suitable :height above groundi- Y Present'typeSQtimeifuses generally give a burst after the grenadeihasfa'llenlvand is lying on firm' 'ground or v partially buried in The meanpath ofl fragments is'radial. *l rVhatever the shapeof fthe' grenadefor. Whatever its positionwhen lying at restupon 'the ,groundv itmay be seem-that the 'pathsof fully f of' `the' `fragjineiits either'.v 1lead into the earth directly underorfvvithina few inches 'of the grenade, orfupvvards `at such anl angle 'as to ,fr-ive'n'o-apbreciable dangerzsp'ace.

\ nl; as. een elementen@ pau ort thel de! scending grenade lin 'flight.- is,l inflgeneral,

nrrrn GRENADE.

Application filed April 17, .1922; Serial N o. 553,445,vl i

.- charge andv impact.

gases. i r invention Will be morey fullyaunder-f stood after reference to thefaccornpanying several views, `and; in which and looking inthe direction'of thearrows, 1 Figure zSis a. sectional elevation, onaf Abeing;broken avvay,j' u U.

Figure showsv a sectionf along. the line.l

to some acceleration .of the-,,f {reaternassA of the shell, and Whichfagain functionsf'when the ,greatermass is retarded upon,#iinpact,` Y f In; this case both accelerations are great. Restraining mechanisms'may be fairly relied upon; to function only .when the `'shell is fired.y Vith the rifle grenade the jaccelerations are necessarily comparatively smalhboth .0n diefv Inniy grenade the' ,rming bodyismade light; 1t is directly acted!upOnhy'thefjaroy f pelhngigases, andthe -she ll..i tse lf lagsr'ela-- tively. Upon impactthe1 lightfpercussion V head is retarded and the shell advances reflaltively; Thsfpermts ofi'aluse Whcharmsy `or tends vto armonlyx'vhenffired, .andvvhiclnV when armed, 'becomes extremelyl sensitive,l Yinsuring 'a burst on loosel dirt lor. soft mud; f. j A great objection lto afspecial"cartridge, larises if, by accidentalorignorant substitul tion of a kball cartrdige,'probablefinjury to the user or friendlyfpersonnel results.`

pelleclfrom the piece,butits ranglvvill be shortened, dueto the escape of the propelling drawings :in which like'partsfarejlndicated by* similari reference symbols throughout the,

Figure f1 is a side. elevation of "thelcomf plete grenade,onenenlargedfscale..,Ql Figure 2 shows@ a. longitudinal? sectiong through the grenade y shown in"` FigQl, fthe j section beingfalong thelineQ-#Qfot-Fig. 4, y

smaller scale, shoyvingthe muzzle., end'ofi the barrel of thel small arm,jvvithk thefgrenade traveled. part Vof the" Way;y through theproA as. geen from the` left of and j parts. l

frnoiyres yfermati?, or' OMAHA, NSK;

`8()` l .tridge is used no objection exists, as the ballkv 1 i. .v passes on through theface o :tthe percussion;v head. The grenade probably'-gwill'be'prob-...5a.

projector attached thereto insectien, Waaiclv A `thegremdeinvelevation.'thereing'vjgarts*of vtheggrenade being broken away, the" grenade w being inthe positionit assumes after itfhas jector, andv after the:percussionihead has*` been moved to `its forward',positionrelative"; "f-f.' to the grenade. l, A

Figureeis a rear elevatingzo'f thejgrenade 0 to engage the front `throu ghout its "the, riding 7).

. and'rear with 5-5 of Fig. 2, andlooking in the direction koi' the arrows.

Figure shows 6-6 of: Fig. 2, and of the arrows. v

Figi

a section along the line looking in the direction ire 7 shows afsection valong the line 7-7 'of Fig. 2, and looking in thedirection Vof the arrows.

Figure 8 isia section alongthe line 8?-8 oiFig. '2, and looking'i'orward, or in the direction' of lthe arrows. A Figure 9 is a detail viewshowing the front end of the bullet' tube.

Figure 10 is a `central longitudinal sec-- tion of-th e`1-bullet tube,y the section being along-the line 10-10 ofFig. 9, and looking in the direction of the arrows. y

`Figure L11 is a detail showing the yinterior of `the* percussion lieadtreinoved.

Figure 12 shows a' section along,` the line 12-12 oiFig.` 11, and looking in the direction of the arrows. I'

`Figure 13 isfa front elevation of the firing pin ring which also carries the guide pin. Y

Figure 14 vshows a section `along the line lei-w14: oFig. 13,` and looking in the direcfv tion 'of the arrows, and

Figure 15 is a detail showing one of the weakened screws whichfare used to connect the firing pin ring to thev body of the grenade', and which are broken when the grenade'is projected. f v

-Ileierringy {irst to Figure 3,'A represents the muzzle of the'firearin to which the pro- [jector B is attached in any convenient way.

rifling band E,which is preferably providedl with the lands e toengage the grooves of The shell D is provided front y internal screw threads d2 and Z3 to engage, respectively, the screw threads f2 'and f on the D when the parts are in V `the assembled relation, and between ythe "outer wall of which and the inner wall of `the shell D the explosive G is placed.

This bullet tube extends longitudinally throughv the shell D and projects outward from each4 end thereof, for reasons thatwill be hereinafter more fully described.

The shell D is filled with explosive through the yopening do, which isl normally spring bullet tube. F which projects. vthrough the shell closed by they tapered steel' H which is` firmly held in place by seating under pressure and made further gas-tight by an expanded lead plugl'H, shown in Figs,`2 and 4.- The front end of tlieshell is providedy with a chamber d, for a primer' I, and with` a passage Z5 for the flame from the primer.

The front end of the shell body D is provided also with two'isocketsd,6 and dl, see

Figs. 1, 2 and 5, adapted .to receive, respecy, tively, the iiring pin J, and the guide pin which is carried by the firing lpin ringl L. Thesetwo sockets cland Z7 are set at a desired angle apart, for Vinstance approxi` mately 909, and are connected together `by a shallow arc-shaped groove da, as

center coincident-with the longitudinal axis of the grenade. The firing pinf .l is made somewhat shorter thanthe guide pin K so l that the firing pin maypass out ofsaidl" vgroove d8 when the grenade lis projected, butthe free end of the guide pin willremain engaging in saidv groove, as will be herein` aftermore fully described.

l The firing pin ring L has a screwk threaded f engagement m with the ,percussion head M,

so y shown most clearly in Fig. 5,-vwhich groove 4has'fits and whenthe partsare assembled it is lockedk in said assembly by the pin L', see Fig. 2. The firing pin ring L is loosely mounted over the cylindrical portion of thebullet tubeF, and thek annular after the grenade has been projected, so as to limit the forward travely of the percussion head andthe parts carriedthereby relative to the body of thegrenade. f f

` Forward of the flange f the provided with a circumerentialgrooveNf, in which is mountedthe clock spring ,see Figs. 2and 8, oney end n of which spring is connected' to `thefihead, M and the said ring is ladapted to engage as shown in Fig. 8. This hereinafter described. The end u ofthe as to allow relative longitudinal Vmovement of thecap and thespring.

flange ffof thebullet tube Ff loo bullet tube `is other end nl is secured to the bullet tube F, spring is wound up or put under tension whenthehead `M is screwed in place on the ring L, as vwill be' N engages inthe longitudinal groove m in the head Msee Figs. 2, Sand 12, so 116 In order to increase ythe eiiciency of the device we provide gas ports f5,iprovided near l the front end of the bullet tubeF, `which open into'the annular chamber im? in the head M.v These portsare closed whenfthe percussion head is in theforward position as Vshown in Fig. 31 One ormore Vsimilar ports m3 are provided jopeningrearward from said annular channel m, see Figs. 2, 11 and12; The headM is bored kcylindrically,

asv at m4, to permit the free ysliding therein i of the annular ange f. 1 j y e f Mountedlover the rear portiono the bullet tube F is the sealing ring P, made of lead 30 means of Safety Cil thus pereil'SS-on l G0 thebedy of, 13h /finefPief-rin yl'lfheffiring pinoyill inoivrregister AWithllthe primer Il and the 'grenade Y will f be' armed. VVhenlthefgrenade-strikeslthe' surface of the ground, or 'anyfsolid or"semisolidlsubstance,

n percussion head f will" bejd'rivem backwards; vmusing' the firing pin to delormtheprimer and eizpl cdefthe bursting y cliarge-Gcontained l v inthe shellhody-D 'i i, e. A I AsWi-ll 'be seen, theipercussion `fuse' isv from the proJector, 'and/is well 'on its flight,

` when itI becomesA `highly sensitive l' i 'Since with l such "devices thel 1 projectile strikes substantially@ noserdown,U and y'fsince there is quitte a largeareaoithe nosey of thefpercussion lheadgeven the 'softest 'mud Will cause the same 'to be driven'baok with vprojectile.

sufficient yforce to`-nexplode "theprimer rbeiore the `grenade' has penetratedeny material-dis vtancefinn the kf {roundgfar'nltherefore the great majority lof 'the fragmentsrfwill I be thrown f radially in' aMzone almo'st'parallel With'the grour'id7 fand thedamage' Zone 'Will be veryT much larger than IWoul'd occur il there had beenfany'fy materialpenetrationvor the gref nadeinto the ground, or lying upon thesurface.k i .A *i ,v It -Wi-llbe notdthat lscrewingthe pei-4 eussion head' in yplace'fwill automatically y 'Wind up'thespriiigN;and-thatith-e forward pressure 'of v`the gasesy wlllfyrtend to lprevent lthe"""spring' *from"" turningthe ,percussionhead and" the-parts carried' thereby until'this pressure isreleasedso thatvthe s rin'fir N Willrnotjo -`erate'to moveitheliring P is P or armed' position until after the pressure or' thev powder gases has-ab'een released, which will not takel place until; sometime after. the grenade leaves ,y the i, muzzle Eof the yThe -function of considering thewlowy muzzle'gjvelooity obtained v; Iand the maximum Vpmi/der pressure inthe"y dischargeis .very high' and `drops 4very v in spite-"ofthe .factlthatffthe"discharges arel bullet. enters thev bullet tube, vVVithoutthe auxiliary charge,

abruptly` as the grenade travels" alongfv-the 'the pres y, sure`=of thepropelling'gases'lwill' be a maxi- .GOI mum atth'eV instantftheA 4greriade'fbegins'to 'travellthroughf the lprojector, this pressure "will all rapidly',' aecordingg` to. definite 'laW, fasftheygrenade moves :forvvfirdlV .The

` function vof the auxiliary charge is to evolve gases which pour out` through the orifices S (Fig. 4),'asthegrenadetravels through v Y the 'auxiliary "charge isV important, as' Without y1t the r'angei'of the grenade 4isvery short; its recoilfi's excessive the'V projector., :.conziloustion` loft-the i smokeless powder( being n progressivthe time' rate` of combustion varying directly Withthe pressure) .f The auxiliary charge thusftends to` produce uniform pressure and.

consequent uniformforce of propulsion and uniform recoilfstress,r as the grenadekmovesy 'throughxthe' projector. j

. It will be piloted that fsiiiiid, through inadvertence' Ia' cartridge with'` a bullet be used pen by accident-or inthe excitement offan engagementf' the. bullet ywillmpass freely through the bullet'ntube" and Will alsoUpa-Ss through:thejthin'closed end lof the ypercussion head;A but the pressure 4ofnthe ypowder gases `Will ordinarily still be sullicient` to 75 instead of a blank cartridge, asmight hapn v 1 break the weakened y portion of. the .screws Ugand `the;devicerw-ill operate as before; but,- of Course, i the range i will be shortened, dueitofloss ofz-gaspressrem.

4While the auxiliary `attacinientfapplied to the*` base-"of the@projectile"mayffbe ,oon-4 venit-intly supplied lwith the 'auxiliary pro; pelling chargeQ; as,=shoWn, this propelling charge may be omitted,` if desiredfln such oase any-{frangihle or destructible ic'apmay he. used toclose the rear end foi' thebullet tube untilsuch cap is ydestroyed by the pou@ der gasempermittingsaid gasesto act freely jin the vbullet tube and to `break the `joint between 4the percussioni/headSand the bodyv l of the, shell, as hereinbefore described and as., sh'ojv'n more .particularly in Fig. .3;

" i It lwill thus b'eseen that'lrprovide a rifle grenade Whichmay be saf`ely-1`1sedl with an ordinary small.'arm,y and :which is highly sensitive to xexplosion'fon impactfbutissalfe 'n during Vdischarge from therpiece andy during' its flight Y f device, n and inf `the construction, 'combina-` tion and arrangement'of parts which could be used- Without dqarting. from; the spirit y `will be obvious that various modifica#v tions mightfbe made inqthe herein `described '1 11o of my invention; and I do not-'mean to limit the invention tosuch'details` except aspal'f i i v ticularly pointed f out ,theZ claims;

Having thus "described myinvention what' "I claimgandl desire tosecurexby Letters Patent of the; United States 'isiy,

hollow shell for the lexplosive provided with n a 4guide' groove in the front endthereof and to -.1the interior of vtheshell, of a, primermounted in said chamber, a bullet tubeffseL cured in `and extending axially through said. shell,v a lpercussion g head slidably mountedl n on the -frontend'lof said' bullettube, arclock y spring under tehsionadaptedvto rotate said of head relativeto ythe shell body', la firing ypin connected to said 'head,t andafguide pin connected tov said head-andlfnormally locking no i ` alsov provided in its liront endfwith. exprimer V y chamberand a passagefrom.saidfchamber 'head in 'thearmed position.

va guide groove; inA the'` front end thereof and said headagainst turning under the action of said spring,fbut releasing saidhead Vwhen saidilhead'fis. moved forwards', with means coacting `with saidlfguide pin for `holding ysaid headin the farniedg position.

2. In :1l-grenade theffc'ombination witha hollow `*shell forthe axplosive, provided with a vguide groove in the front end thereof and also provided inlits front end withr aprimer chamber and a passage vfrom said chamber to the interior of `the shell, of a-fprimer mounted1in`said chamber', a bullet'tubesecured irland-extending'axially through ksaid shell, alpercus'sion head vslidably kmounted on the front end of said bullet tube, a clock spring undergteri'sion' 'adapted to rotate said headl relative to the'fshell body,\a firing pin ringconneotedLt'osaidhead, a'iring pin, and a guide pin-connected to said ring, said guide pin norma llylocking said head againstturning under -`the vaction of said spring, but releasing'I said head "when said head is moved forwards,7with means coacting kwith'said lguide pin for holding said 3. In' vagrenade'the combination witha` hollow shell forthe explosiveprovided with alsoprovide `lin'itsfront end withfa primer chamber and apassage fromsaid f chamber to the interior fof the shell.y of a primer mounted in said chamber', a'bullettube secured' in land extendingl` axially through said shell, a percussion head slidably mounted on 'the "front` end of said bullet tube, a clock springiiiider tension 'adapted t`o rotate said head relative totheshell body, a firing pin connected toy vsaid "head, a guide pin con! nected to Vsaidhead and `normally locking said head againstj turr'iing under the action of said spring, butreleasing said head when said head iS- moved forwards, with means. coacting with." said l' guide pin for holding said' head. in' thearmed position, a hollow ring provided'with, an auxiliary propelling charge Vsecuredfto the rear protruding `end of saidbullet tube, ,and a frangible water proofpl'ate? covering the rear end `of said bullet 'tube and coveringalso said auxiliary y, propelling charge;l y w v h grenadethe Combination with a hollow shell for they explosive provided with a guide `groove, in theffront end thereof `and also provided in itsgfro'nt end with ya primer chamber and a passage from-'said chamber to the interior o fithe's'hell',y of a primer mounts edjin saidl chamber, abullet tube secured in and extendingl afxially'through said shell, a percussion head slidably `mounted' on the front end' ofsaidbullet tube, a clock spring und'ertension a'daptedjto -rotatersaidhead relative -to the shell body, a firing pin ring connected v:to saidjhead, ar -firing pin, and a guide. pinA,connec'-2ted' tosaid head and normally ;1oe1`irig said fbad` against turning pin for holding under the action of saifdspring, but releas-` ing said head'when saidfh'ead is movedforwards, with means' coacting with said guide pin for holding said'headin the armed posi"-` tion, a hollow"ring provided with an auxiliary-propelling charge secured to' the 4 rear v protruding end kof sa-idbullet tube',fand`-r`a frangible water proof Iplatecovering the vrear end lof 'saidbullettube and covering also said auxiliary propelling charge.

5. rIn a grenade foruse with small arms the combination with@ heut-W sha1 for are explosive provided 'with a guide groove yin the front end thereof and also, provided in, 1 i

its front endy with a primer chamber and a passage fromsaid chambertoj the interior of the shell, of, a; primer' mountedvin Asaid.

chamber, a` bullet tube secured "in land ex` tending axially throughsaid shell, a rhollow percussion hfead slidably mounted on the connection adapted to bev [severed by the" ka", ff front rend of said" bullet tube, ya frangible powder gases from the small arm, a clock" i 'spring under tension mounted in said 'head and adapted torotate saidhead relative to 9ok the shell body, a iringpin connectedlto said head, and a guide pin `connected` to said headV ,and normally locking said headagai'nst turning` 'under 'the' action of said spring,but releasing said head ywhen said yhead .1s-moved gases, withv means coacting with said 'guide tion'. y Y A 6. AIn a grenade Vfor uselwithysr'riall '.ar'ms explosive provided Awithy a guide` groove in o5" l `.forwards under the action vof the powder"y LSaid head inthearmedpos'if the'frontend thereof and, also providedinfv f its front end with a primer chamber anda passage from said chamber to the interior yof the shell, of a primerMrnoun-tedv-in said chamber, a bullet tube securedin and extending axially through said shell, a hollow frontend of saidbullet tube, a frangible connection adapted to `be severed v"by the'v powder gases fromV thesmall arm, a clock .percussion head slidably'mounted` on thev no spring under tension mounted yin said head and adapted to rotate saidfheadrelativeSto` theshell body,a firing pin ring connected` to'y said head, a firing pin.- and a g'uide'pin con! nested toA said ring, said guide -`pin"normally locking said head against turning under the 7. In. a grenade fo'rfuse with smal-l arms i thecombination with hollow shell for the explosive provided with a primer chamber anda passage fromsaid chamber 'to thein-` terior of the shell, of a vprimer mounted in said chamber, a bullettube secured in and c' f extending axially throughsaid'shell, a per- 10o the combination with a `hollow shell `forthe cussion head slidably mounted on the front end of saidbullet tube, a frangible connection between said percussion head and the bodyzof the shell adapted to be'severed 'by they pressure of the powder gases from the small arm, a iring pinconnected-fto said head, means for normally holding said firand apassage from said chamber to the interior of theshell, of a primer mounted in Hsaid chamber,'a bullet tube secured in and extendinglaxiall through. said shella perf lcussion headsli ably mounted on the front end of `said bullet tube, a frangible connection between said percussion` head and the i body of the shell, adapted to be severed by the pressure of the powder gases fromtlie 1small arm, a firing pinvv connected to said head, means for normally holdingr said firing .n pin in the safety position, and means con* trolled by the forward movement of the percussion head, for causing said firing pin to register with said primer, said last mentioned means comprising a clock spring under tension'conne'cting said head and said tube, a .firing pin carried by said` head, and a guide pin connected to said head and normallyrlockingsaid head againsty turning under ythe'action of said spring, but releasing said head when said head is rmoved for-4 wards, with means enacting with saidguide pinrfor holding said head in the armed position. j y t y l Y w9. Ina grenade for use with small arms the combination with a hollow; shell for the eiqalosivey provided with a primer chamber and a passage from `said chamber to the ,interior of the shell, of a primer mounted in said chambena bullet tubey secured in and extending axially through said shell, a percussion head slidably mounted von the front i end of said bullet tube, a rangible connection 1 between said percussion headjand Vvthe body of the shell, adapted to be severedby the pressure of the powder', gases from the small arm, a iringpin connected .to said head, means Vfor normally holding said firing pelling charge. f

l0.y In a grenade for use with smalll arms the combination with a hollow shell for the end of said'bullet tube', afrangib'le connec tion between'the said percussion head and the body of the shell, adapted to 'be severed by the pressure of the'powder gases fromthe small arm, a firing .pin connected tosaid head, means for normally holding said frs ing pin in the safetypositiomfand means controlled by the .forward movement of the percussion head, for causing said firing pin to register with said primer, said last men'- tioned meanscomprising a clock spring under tension connecting said head and Said tube, a firing pin carried by said head, and

a guide pin connected to said head and normally locking said head against turning under the action of said spring, but releasf ing said head when said head is moved forwards, with means coacting with said guide u pin for holding said head in the armed position, .with a hollow ring provided with an auxiliary pi-ppelllng charge secured tu the rear protruding end of said bullet tube, 'and a frangible waterproof Vplate covering the d rear `en d of saidl bullet tube andl Acovering; also', said auxiliary propellingfcharge. i

l 11. f In a l grenade'the combination :with `a hollow shell for the explosive provided Fwith a guide groove in the front end thereof an'd also `provided in its frontend with a primer .chamber and .a passage from said chamber tofthe interior of the` shell, offa `primer mounted in said chamber, a bullet tube secured ingandextending axially through said shell, a hollow percussion head -slidably mounted on the front endof said bullet tube` said tube being provided with gas ports opening into,` said hollow head; a clock spring under tension adapted to rotate said head relative to the shell body, a firing pin connected to 1said head,and a guide pin connected to said head and ynormally lockingy said head against turning "under lthe action of said spring, but releasing said head when said head is moved forwards. with means coacting with said guide pin: for holding said head in the armed position,`

12. In a grenadethc"combinationvywith a hollow shell for ythe yexplosive provided with a guide groove in the front end thereof and -also provided in its front end with a primer chamber and a vpassage from said 'chamber to the interior of the shell,` of a primer mounted infsaid-chamber`v a bullet tube sel cured in and extending axially'through said 'ris shell, a hollow percussion head slidabl'y4 mounted on the front end of said bullet tube, said tube being provided with portsl opening into said hollow head,a clock spring under tension ladapted to rotate saidhea '130'- relative to: the shell firing pin ring vConnectedjto saidhead, a iring pin, and a guide pinconnected to said ring,'said guide pin normally `r locking" said head 'against turning under the"y action o fsaid spring, but releasing said head'when said v head is ymoved. forwards, "with nieansfcoacting lwith said armed position.,rg-'ji c. v

13.` In `a grenade `for use with small arms the combinationwith ah'ollowshell for the explosive provided withl a guide groove in the front endthereof and alsol provided in its frontA endwithaprimer chamber and a.

passage from said chamber to the interior of the shellfof a primer mounted in said cham'- ber, a bullet ltube secured in and extending axially through said shell,k hollow percussion head slidably mountedon 'the frontend of said bullet tube, weakened'vscrews coni necting said shell lwith said vhollow head adapted'to besevered by the powder gases from'the small arm, a clock'spring under tension mounted. iny said head and adapted to rotate saidheadrelative tothe shellbody, a firing connected toy said head, and a guide pin connected to said headand n or-` mally locking said 'head against turning under the action of said' spring, butl releasing said head when saidfhead ismovedforaxiallyv through said shell, ahollow percussion head slidably mounted on the front end of said bulletitube, weakened screws connecting saidshell with said Yhollow head adapted to be severed by the powdergases from the small arm, af clock spring under tension` mounted insaid head 'and adapted to rotateV said head `relative to the shell body, a firing pin ring connected -to said head, a firing pin, and a guide .pin connected to said ring. said guidel 4pin normallyl locking said head against turningl under the' action ofA said spring, vbut releasing said head when said head is moved forwards under the action of the powder gases, with ymeans coacting with said guide pin for holding said head in the armed position.

15. In aA grenade` for use with small arms the eombinati'onwith a hollow shell for'theA explosive `.provided'with aV primer chamber and a passage from saidichamber tothe interior of the shell, ofv a primer mounted in said chamber, va bullet tube secured` in and extending axally'through said shell, apar guide pin-'for holding Vsaid head in` the cussion head slidably mounted :on/the fronti end of 'said bullet tubefdvealren'ed screws connecting said' percussion head and the body of the shell,,adapter-lto be severedby l the pressure ofthepowder gases kfrom 'the small arm, a firing kpin'connectedl to said head, means for norniallylholding said fir! ing pin inthe safety po'sitiom and means 'eontrolledby the forward movementof 'the' percussion head, for'cfaiising saidffiring'pin 75 to vregister with said primerl" I v1G. In agrenade for use with small arms thecombination withy a hollow shell forthe explosive provided with .a primer chamber and a passage yfrom saidchamber to vv the interiorof theshell, of'a .primer mounted yinsaid chamber, a bullet vtubeksecured in yand extendingaxially, throughsaidA shell, a

percussion` headk slidablyfsmounted von the kv screws connecting said'percussion head'and Q vfront end of said bullet tube, weakened the body of the shell, adapted tobesevered head, means fornormally-holding'said fir` ing pin in the ,safetyy position, and means `by the pressure ofthe power gases frornthel ,l i small arm, a iiring'pinconnected tosaidV controlledby the -forwardmovem'ent of the f i percussion head, forfc'ausing saidiiring pin y to register with said primer, said last menf tioned means comprisinga rclock spring un# der tension connecting said. head and said-v tube, a firing pin carried by saidhead, and

mallylocking said 'heady against turning under the actionof said spring, but frelea's ing said head when said headisy moved fora guide pin connectedto said'head and noray wards, with means coacting withsaid guide' pin for [holding said head in the armed position.

llIn ak grenade for luse with small armsthe combination with a hollow shell for' the explosive provided with a guide groove'in4v the front end ,thereof and alsoprovided-in its front end with 'a' primer kchamber anda passage from said chamber'to theinterior of the shell, of a primer mounted in said chamber, a bullet ktube secured in and ex# tending axially through said-shell, -a holff low percussion head slidably mounted on the front end of said bullet tube, the vsaid tube being provided withv gas ports opening into said hollow head, a frangible connection adapted to be ysevere'dby the powder gasesl from the small arm, aclock spring under 4 tension mounted in saidhead'4 and adapted to rotate said lhead relative tothe shell body, ar firing pin ring connected to said head,

a firing pin, and a guide pinrconnected to said ring, said guide pin normally locking said head against turningiunder 4the actiony izo i of said spring, but releasing said head when said headis moved forwards under:k the action of the powder gases, with means; co?"` l acting with said gudepin for holding said head in the armed position l.

18. In a grenade, adapted to be used with small arms, the combination with a hollow shell for the explosive, with means for arm ing the same on discharge and for explode ing thesame on impact, of a hollow ring lo iliary propelling vcharge contained therein.

19. In a grenade,adapted to be used with small arms, the combination with a hollow y shell for the explosive, with means for arming the saine on discharge and for explod- 111g the same on impact, of a khollow ring provided with an auxiliary propelling charge secured to the rear end of the shell, a celluloid plate covering the rear end of said ring and the auxiliary propelling charge containedtherein, and a perforated 20 cap holding said Celluloidl plate in lace. FRANKLIN THOMAS B RT.

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