US1455099A

US1455099A - High-frequency signaling system

Info

Publication number: US1455099A
Application number: US527168A
Authority: US
Inventors: Walter R G Baker
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 1922-01-05
Filing date: 1922-01-05
Publication date: 1923-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 1940-05-15
Also published as: GB191390A

Description

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' 4wel.'LEia E e. BAKER, OE soHENEo'rAnY, NEW YORK, Assrenon 'ro GENERAL mmc- 1. TRIO company, A CORPORATION or NEW YoEK.

Bren-FREQUENCY SAIGNALING SYSTEM.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Beit known that I, WALTER R. G. BAKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in High-Fre-l quency Signaling Systems, of which the following is a-speclfication. i

y present invention relates to high frequency signaling systems, and more particularly to systems employing vacuum tubes as generators of high frequency oscillations.

'One of the objects of my invention is to provide asimple and eflicient arrangement for producing high frequency oscillations by means of vacuum tubes and supplying them to a transformer circuit. Another object of my invention is to provide a safe and reliable means for controlling the current output in accordance with signals to be transmitted.

The novel features which I believe to be characteristic of my invention are set-forth with particularity in the appended claims, my invention itself, however, both as to its yorganization and method of operation will best be understood by reference to the followingdescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which I have indicated diagrammatically one circuit or# ganization whereby my invention may be -carried into effect.

I have indicated in the drawing two electron discharge vacuum tube devices 1 and 2, which are employed for the generation of high frequency oscillations. These devices each comprise the usual ilamentary cathode 3, a plate or anode 4, and -a grid electrode 5. Current for heating the cathodes 3 is supplied by the secondary 6 of a transformer, the primary 7 of which is supplied by A C distribution lines 8 and 9. The midpoint 10 of the transformer secondary 6 is grounded at 11. A grid circuit for the devices land 2 includes a condenser 12, a ysecond condenser 13, which is shunted by variable inductance 14, a grid condenser 15, which is shunted b gridleak resistance 16, and two small choke coils 17 and 18, which are connected in the individual leads to the two grids; The plate or anode circuits of the devices 1 and 2 are supplied with current by means of rectifiers 19 and 2O these rectifiers serv ing to rectify the alt rnating current imhppncation flied January 5, 1922. serial No. 527,16.

pressed upon the plate electrodes from transformer 21, which is supplied with current from distribution mains 8, 9. The cathodes of rectiiers 19 and 20 are connected to the anodes 4 of the electron discharge devices 1 and 2, by a conductor 22. The midpoint 23 of the secondary of transformer 21 is grounded at 11 by means of the conductor 24, a smoothing reactance 25 shunted by a condenser 26 being included in the ground connection. A shunt condenser 27 may also be employed to assist in smoothing out the rectified current.

The potential impressed upon the anodes 4 of electron discharge devices 1 and 2 in this manner is preferably high in order that a large output ,may be obtained with the comparatively small currents which normally flow through the usual form of electron discharge device.'v Under these circumstances high frequency oscillations will be produced in the oscillating grid circuit made up of inductance 14 and capacity 13 without any necessity of a feed-back coupling between the grid and plate circuits. The production of oscillations will occur by reason of the negative resistance or dynatron action of the device accompanying the emission of secondary electrons from the grid electrode 5. It has been discovered that with properly constructed tubes this dynatron action will take place even though the average potential of the grid electrode 5 is4 negative with respect to the cathode 3. The efficiency of the operation is in fact improved by such an arrangement. The condenser 15 shunted by resistance 16 forms a simple and eflicient arrangement for maintaining the average potential ofthe grid electrode 5 negative with respect to the cathode. y 4

When high frequency oscillations are produced in the grid circuit the grid potential oscillates accordingly and this produces .corresponding variations in the current in 'the plate or output circuit. The oscillations thus set up in the plate .or Ioutput circuit 100 may in the Acase illustrated be 'supplied through the conductor 28 to a vpredetermined point in the inductance29, which is associated with the antenna 30. A condenser 31 is included in series with the conductor 28 to prevent the rectified current supplied to the device from being short-circuited through nductance 29 and a radio freicc quency choke coil' 32 is Yincluded in series with the conductor 22`to prevent the radio frequency currents* produced from being.

short-circuited through the rectifiers 19, 20. In order to interrupt the current supplied to the antennay 30 to produce telegraphic' signals,.the condenser 12 maybe shunted by a circuit which includes a'choke coil 33, a rotary contact maker 34 and a contact 35 of a relay 36, which vis operated by means of. a key37. When the key 37 is closed and relay 36 operates to close contact .35, the con-.- denser 12 willebe shuntedby a comparatively low resistance circuit whenever contact is made by the rotating contact maker. 34. Whenever this shunt circuit is closed oscillations will be produced and supplied in lthe antenna. On the other hand when 'thisV shunt circuit is open the grids 5 cf, devices 1 and2 will immediately assume so high-a negative potential that production of ,oscillations'will be interrupted. The rotatin'gdevice 34, therefore, furnishes al convenient means for transmitting interrupted continuous Wave signals. In case it is 'desired to Vtransmit continuous wave signals the rotary device-34 may be omitted and current will be supplied to the antenna 30 as long asthe key 37 is closed.

It will be apparent `that by the arrangement thus :tar described, the load will be takeny by the rectiiiers 19, 20 when oscillations cease, and .the apparatus will then be ,i subjected to the full potential of the secondary of transformer 21. .To over/come this difficulty a second contact 38 is provided for the relay 36, and when the key 37 is opened this contact is opened and power supplied to the rectitiers l19, 20 is interrupted simultaneously with the opening of the shunt circuit around key condenser 12. p'

It is desirable in the operation of transmittingv equipment of the type described that an operator shouldbe immediately informed whenever'the filament of`one of the electron discharge devices burns'out or when the filament current becomes interrupted. I have indicated in the drawing one way in which such an indication may be given. Current is supplied to` the' filaments 3 of thev two` devices 1 and 2 in parallel, and in the individualsupply conductors to the two filaments I insert two inductively related windings 39 .and 40. An indicating lamp 41 is connected to the terminals 42, 43 ofsaid windings, which are adjacent the cathodes 3. When current is being supplied to both filaments points 42 and 43 will be at thesame potential and no current williiow through the lamp 41. As soon as one of the ilaments f is interrupted, however, a potential difference is produced between the points 42 and 43, and the lamp 41 will be illuminated. Lamp 41 may also be shunted by coil 44 through which current will pass when the '-vice is provided to indicate aburn out of the lamp 41 is illuminated,'and this coil may serve to operate a vibratory contact 45 which will ontrol any desired 'form of audible si a The cathodes 'of the rectiiers 19 and 20 are supplied withA heating current by means of a transformer 46, which is connected to the'supply mains 8, 9 and an .indicating defilaments ofv either rectiiiers 19 or 20.

Inasmuch as noooupling is` rovided between the grid and plate circui s of devices I have indicated variable connections 1 .ments to the supply portionlof the induc- ,tance 29 and a switch 49 for performing complementary adjustments in the antenna inductance for the various wave lengths.

Switches

47, 48 and 49 are preferably soarranged that they may all be operated simultaneously thus permitting of the change ot' wave length from one predetermined value to anothery by a single movement of a switch handle.

While I have shown anddescribed a preferred embodiment of my invention it will be understood that many modifications in the form of apparatus employed as well .as

in the Various circuit connections, may be made without departing from the scope 'of my invention ,as s'etforth in the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesyis:

1. The combination in a high frequency current generatingsystem of a three electrode electron .discharge device'- having plate and grid circuits associated therewith', means for generatingoscillations in saidV id cir- -cuit independently of vany coupling etween the circuits, and a series condenser in said grid circuit which is shunted by a resistance Vfor maintaining the average potential of the grid negative with respectlto the cathode.

2. 'The combination in a high frequency current generating system of an electron discharge device having a cathode, anV anode and ay grid, an oscillating grid circuit associatedtherewith, means for generating oscillations ir'said grid circuit independently of y any coupling between the grid circuit andv other circuits of the device, an oscillating circuit Connected between the cathode and anode ot said device and a separate circuit containing a source of potential between thc cathode and anode.

3. The con'ibination in a high frequency signaling system of an electron discharge device having a cathode, an anode and a grid. an oscillating antenna circuit connected between the cathode and anode of said device. a second circuit containing a source ot potential connected between the cathode and anode ot said device, an oscillating. grid circuit associated with said device and means i'or generating oscillations in said grid circuit independentlyy oi any coupling between the circuits.

4f. The. combination in a high frequency signaling system ot'an' electron discharge device having a cathode, an anode and a grid, an oscillating antenna circuit connected between the cathode and anode of said de vice, a second circuit containing a source of potential connected between the cathode and anode of said device, an oscillating grid cir-- cuit associated with said device, means for generating oscillations in said grid circuit independently of any coupling between the circuits` anda series condenser in said grid circuit which is shunted by a resistance tor maintaining the average potential of the grid negative with respect to the cathode.

5. 'l-he conibinationin a high frequency signaling system ot an electron discharge device having a cathode, an anode, and grid, means tor producing high frequency oscillations by said device and supplying them to a transmitting circuit comprising a source of alternating current and a rectiiier for recti'tying the current from said source `for the operation of saidl electron discharge device, and means for simultaneously interrupting the supply of current to said rectifier and causing the production of oscillations to stop independently of the interruption in the power supply.

6. The combination in a high `frequency signaling system of an electron discharge device having a cathode, an anode and a grid, an oscillating grid circuit associated with said device, means for producingioscillations in said grid circuit,independently of any coupling between the grid circuit and other circuits ot the device. a condenser in said grid circuit for preventing the pr0duction of oscillations and means for simultaneously shunting said condenser and supplying current to the device.

7. The combination in a high frequency signaling system of an electron discharge device having a cathode, van anode and a grid, an oscillating grid circuit associated with said device, means for producing oseillations in said grid circuit independently ot any coupling between the grid circuit and other circuits of the device, a condenser in.

said grid circuit for preventing the production of oscillations, a shunt circuit for said condenser, a source of altcrnatingcurrent, a rectiiier for rectifying the current from said source forthe operation of said electron discharge device, and means for simultaneously interrupting the current supply to said rectifier and opening said shunt circuitA 8. The combination with a pair of electron discharge devices each of which has a lamentary cathode, of a transformer for -supplying current to the cathodes' of the two devices in parallel, two inductively related windings connected in individual current supply conductors to saidcathodes and a signalingv device connected to the terminals of said windings adjacent the two cathodes. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 3rd day of January, 1922.

WALTER R. G. BAKER.