US1451995A

US1451995A - Cutting device for woodworking tools

Info

Publication number: US1451995A
Application number: US606280A
Authority: US
Inventors: Madsen Sern
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1922-12-11
Filing date: 1922-12-11
Publication date: 1923-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 1940-04-17

Description

msm s Apr. 17, 1923.

S. MADSEN CUTTING DEVICE FOR WOODWOHKIILJG TOOLS Filed Dec. 11; 1922 Patented Apr. 17, 1923.

FFWE.

SEEN MADSEN, OF CLINTON, IOWA.

CUTTING DEVICE FOR WOODWORKING TOOLS.

Application filed December 11, 1922.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Snnn MADSEN, a cit1- zen of the United States, and a residentof Clinton, in the county of Clinton and State of Iowa have invented a certain new and useful utting Device for Woodworking Tools, of which the following is a spec1fication.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple, durable, compact and ine rpensive cutting mechanism for wood working machinery having a series of detachable b ts which may be easily and quickly placed 1n position and when so placed willbe rigidly locked against movement relative to the cutter head having radial clearance.

A further object is to provide a cutter head designed to carry a number of detachable bits which are capable of being firmly locked into a number of lateral positions relative to the path of travel of said bits.

A further object is to provide a cutter head having a series of detachable bits and locking devices having the same so arranged that any adjustment of said locking devices may be made to adjust the bits and lock them in position in said head without changing the centrifugal balance of the head.

A still further object is to provide in a cutting device for wood working machinery having a head and detachable bits, improved means for securing the bits in position in such a manner that the cutting strain from the bits will not be carried directly to the actuating devices for locking the bits in position.

A further object is to provide in a cutting device for wood working machinery, improved bits and means for locking the same in position in the head whereby the minimum amount of steel may be employed for the said bits.

These and otherobjects will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

My invention consists in the construction arrangement and combination of the various parts of the device, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims, and

illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

in which:

Serial No. 606,280.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved cutting device.

F igure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the l1ne 33 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a detail perspective view of one of the bits.

Figure 5 is a segmental isometrical View of the cutter head showing one of the bit re taming notches.

My improved cutting device comprises a head member 10 which is formed preferably cylindrical and provided with an opening 11 at its center. This opening is for the purpose of securing the said head to the cutter arbor in the usual manner. The head is preferably formed of a solid piece of tool steel or brass of any desired width and diameter.

In the periphery of the head 10 I have provided a series of notches 12 which are formed by

first drilling openings

13 and 14; with the ordinary press drill. The openings 13 are then reamed, the said opening being of considerably larger diameter than the opening 1%, the opening 14: being drilled at a' shorter radius from the center of the head than the opening 13, substantially as shown in Figure 1.

After the holes 13 and 1 1 have been drilled, the head is placed in a milling machine and an annular slot 15 is cut to communicate with both the openings 13 and 1 1. The angle of the said slot is preferably at about thirty degrees from the radial line. One side of the slot 15, which I shall term the back side, is substantially in line with the back side of the opening 14:. The bottom of said slot is substantially in line with the inner side of said opening. The front side of the slot, however, is substantially in line with the center of the opening 13 so that a recess may be formed in the said notch. The back and face of the said slot are parallel with each other, and the bottom of said slot is parallel with the opening 11. The notches 12 are all of the same size and the member 10 is perfectly balanced.

Mounted within each of the notches 12 is a bit member 16 which has its base of a width substantially equal to the width of the member 10, and the thickness of the said bit is equal to the width of the slot 15. The inner end of the bit is shaped to coincide with the bottom of said slot.

Opposite the recess 15 l have provided a transversely extending \l-shaped notch 17 in the bit. The outer face of the notch 17 is parallel with the inner end of the member 16, while the opposite face of the notch 17 is substantially parallel with the radial line of the cutter head. This face, however, is provided with two portions 18 which are beveledrearwardly and outwardly from the center of t'liesaidface, as clearl shown in Figure 4E. v Q

fFor locking the member 16 in position, I have provided two cylindrical locking members 19, each of which isprovided with a flattened and inclined face, the said faces b'eing'designed to coact with the portions 18 of the cutter member. These locking devices are arranged in each end of the recess 13, asclearly shown in Figure 3, with their central ends spaced apart a slight distance. as'crew 21 extends centrally through one ofthe members 19 and is screwed into the cipposite member. The head of the said screw is countersunk, and the said screw of alength sligthly less than the width ofthe cutter head so that when the members 19a're assembled, the said members will rest within tlie face of the head 10.

By the arrangement just described, it will be clearly seen that if the screw 21 is rotated, the" two members 19 may be drawn toward each other while their inclined faces will engage the portions 18 of the cutter, and tlieircylindrical portion will rest in the recess '13. This movement toward each other iizill cause the member 16 to be firmly gripped within the notch 12 and held against movement in any direction. The outer end oflthe member 16 may be provided with any convenient cutting portion 22.

By this arrangement, it will be seen that the cutters may be sharpened by grinding the front face of the member 16, the said face to ground parallel to the back face of'the said member at the proper point without 'weakening the member 16. By

. grinding the forward face of the member 1,6, itw ill be seen that the contour of the cntting member 22 will not be altered, nor the tool ,materially shortened.

By niolunting the member 16 in the notch 12 as justdescribed with its inner face adj'acentto the bottom of said notch and its back face adjacent to the back face of the said notch, it will be seen that the angle of all the cutters will be exactly the same. Their radiallength will also be the same without any delicate adjustment.

It willalso be seen that the member 16 must be so adjusted laterally relative to the travel of the cutter portion in order to make a tongue and groove portion of the said cutters in line with each other. This is easily done due to the fact that the said bits are free to move in said lateral direction, and when properly placed, the screw 21 of the locking mechanism may be operated which will cause the members 19 to firmly lock the said member in position.

In this connection, it will be noted that the movement of the members 19 in opposite directions will eliminate any tendency whatever to move the member 16 after it has been set and while it is being locked.

it is sometimes desirable that, the cutters beplaced out of true alinement with each other so that the grooves and tenons may be of a slight difference in width. This may also be quickly and accurately accomplished, which is not possible in devices heretofore employed which have a series f grooves'and tongues for lining the cutters in their lateral direction.

In regard to the wedge members 19, it will be seen that the inclined faces will always be in alinement with the faces 18due to the fact that the members 19 are cylindrical and rest in cylindrical recesses so that a slight pivotal movement is permittech'due to "the irregularity in the angle of the faces 18.

it will also be noted that equal pressure will be applied to each of the faces 18 of the cutter so as to always firmly hold thesaid" cutter in position against any rocking movement, even though the machine work of the faces 18 and the inclined portion 20 shall not be absolutely accurate. i'inother advantage in the construction of my device lies in the fact that the \l shaped notch 17 is so arranged in the front face of the member 16 that a sort of dovetailed joint is employed to prevent it from being thrown outwardly due to cei'itrifugal force.

It will also be noted that when the strain is applied to the cutting end ofthe bi t,the outer end of the bit will have a tendency to move backward while the inner end will have a tendency to move forwardly, said forward movement resting directly againstthe members 19, and materially none of the strain being applied to the screw 21. This provides a very rigid lock which may be easily and quickly adjusted bythe use of an ordinary screw driver, and'whenl'ocked will not work loose dueto the severe ten dency toward vibration of the bit members as they engage the mateljial to becut It will also be seenthat anymovement of the members 19 which is necessary in order to'clamp the bits 16 into position will not in any way change the centrilical balance of the head due tothefact thatthe said movement is in a line parallel with the axis of the rotary member. I have-found that any movement of a locking devicewhich moves radially in order to secure the bits in position, will change the balance of the head.

It will also be noted on account of the members 19 moving in opposite directions that the power necessary to move the said members is considerably less than would be necessary if one of the members were stationary, and the locking is also done by the movable member.

The feature of providing a circular recess at each corner of the slot 15 also serves to strengthen the head, inasmuch as the circular corners will not crystallize and crack as will sharp angular corners. This also simplifies the construction of said notches 12 due to the fact that the wedge device is very effective, thereby permitting the use of a very shallow notch in order to rigidly hold the bit in position. This reduces the diameter of the member 10 and also permits a larger number of cutters to be used on the head of a given diameter, due to the fact that the said cutter or bits may be placed comparatively close to each other without materially weakening the said head.

It will also be noted that both faces of the head are smooth and free from projections which might catch on the workmens clothes or mar the material upon which the cutter is operated. The centrifugal action of the bit has a tendency to tighten it rather than loosen it.

Thus it will be seen that I have provided a tool for wood working machinery comprising a head member and detachable bits which may be easily, quickly and accurately adjusted, and when once adjusted will not work loose, and so designed as to employ the minimum amount of high priced material such as bits are usually constructed of.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a device of the class described, a cutter head adapted to rotate and provided with a series of slots parallel with its axis of rotation, a bit for each of said slots, each provided with oppositely arranged inclined faces, a rotatively mounted wedge device for each of said inclined faces, and means for drawing said wedge devices toward each other and longitudinally with the axis of said head member to lock the said bits in position, said bits being capable of adjustment axially.

2. In a device of the class described, a cutter head adapted to rotate and provided with a series of slots parallel with its axis of rotation, the forward face of each of said slots being provided with a semi-circular groove, a bit for each of said slots, the forward face of each of said bits being provided with a V-shaped groove, one face of said V-shaped grooves being provided with oppositely inclined faces, a pair of cylindrical wedge members each being provided with an inclined flattened face to rest in said semi-circular groove and to coact with corresponding inclined faces of said V- shaped grooves, a screw for drawing said wedge devices toward each other, the said wedge devices and said bit being capable of axial adjustment in said slots.

3. In a device of the class described, a cutter head adapted to rotate and provided with a series of slots parallel with its axis of rotation, said slots being arranged tangentially with the axial center of said cutter, each having their forward faces provided with a semi-circular groove, a bit for each of said slots, that portion of the forward face of each of said bits which rests opposite the semi-circular groove when the bit is in position in said slots is provided with a V-shaped slot running parallel with said semi-circular grooves, one of the faces of said V-shaped slot being substantially radial with the center of the cutter head, and the opposite face of said V-shaped slot being substantially at right angles to the said radial face, the radial face. being provided with oppositely inclined faces, a pair of cylindrical wedge members for said semicircular groove and said V-shaped groove, said wedge members each being provided with an inclined flattened face to correspond with the inclined faces of said V-shaped groove, a screw centrally arranged with said cylindrical wedges for drawing them to gether.

Des Moines, Iowa, September 15, 1922.

SER-N NLADSEN