US1448677A - Apparatus for printing both horizontal and perpendicular lines - Google Patents

Description

Mar." .13, l923.- 1,448,677 E. ROWE APPARATUS FOR PRINTING BOTH HORIZONTAL AND PERPENDICULAR LINES Filed Oct. 24, 1922 mum TOR EBA/567 Eon Patented Mar. 13, 1923.

PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST ROWE, OF DERBY, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR PRINTING BOTH HORIZONTAL AND PERPENDIC'CTLAR LINES.

Application filed October 24, 1922. Serial No. 596,623.

T 0 all whom it may OOH/067" Be it known that I, ERNEST ROWE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Derby, county of Derby, England, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Printing Both Horizontal and Perpendicular Lines, of which the following is a specification. This invention provides an improved method of and apparatus for printing both horizontal and perpendicular lines in con junction with type,'and has for its object to save time, labour, and materiah'in producing printed forms and the like, ruled horizontally, or ruled both horizontally and vertically, or with type insertions, which may be either figures, letters or words between the rules, thus facilitating manual labour and increasing output, with a reduction in the cost of production.

In present practice forms are built up with brass rule, quads, leads and type. The rules are first out to lengths required for the perpendicular lines and into shorter pieces for the horizontal lines, which are considerably greater in number. The length of these short pieces is determined by the width between the perpendicular lines. The spaces between the rules are filled up with quads and leads, therefore the form is gradually built up in sections. Such forms may be used to print from direct, or'duplicated by the stereo-type 1 process.

By this invention, the horizontal' lines are built up of what I term sectional rulers, which are a combination of the printing surfaces, and the necessary space between the lines, thereby dispensing with leads, and with quads except such as are hereinafter described.

The sectional rulers are made up of septheirguide rodsareplaced side by side if wherewith'eto grip and conipress the assemthe spaces between the lines are to be left blank, or with'type between adjacent rulers if'printing matter is required. On each ruler the printing face may be a single straight line, or several lines either plain, dotted or ornamental. Arranged in the centre, or at or near the edge of the upper surface of the'ruler, from which line or lines the said surface falls away to the flank of the ruler to meet the corresponding surface of the adjacent ruler (or it may be the intermediate type) and form therewith the space between the printing lines.

The sectional rulers are pierced with holes, preferably of rectangularpattern and parallel with the printing surfaces through which holes the guide rods are fitted to support and combine the rulers, and retain them in assembled positions. The guiderods are chiefly used for convenience in combining a number of sectional'rulers and thereby expediting handling. Therefore, the sectional rulers may be used with or without guide rods.

Perpendicular rules are adapted for insertion between adjacent sections of the sectional rulers, and to rest upon the guide rods at the requiredspacing intervals and at right angles'to the printing surfaces of the sectional rulers. They are preferably 36 point in height, that being a convenient height from the printing surface to the top of the guiderodfwhen the guide rods are in use; and they have twoprintingfaces so that one'edgemayprint a fineline and the other edge a thicker line when the rule is reversed.

Although the above will be the most frequently adapted method of using the apparatus, I wish it to beunderstood that it may be reversed, so that the sectional rulers would become the perpendicular lines.

'VVhen it is desirable to use the sectional rulers without the guide rods,then the'ordinary type-high brass rule will 'bereniployed.

The apparatus also comprises printing and stereotyping chases to accommodate the assembled sectional rulers with their guide rods, perpendicular rules andtype.

Thechases are fitted with bars and'screws for the purpose of locking up. I make the chase with head and tail-bars and with two side bars'hinged at'oneendand with a looking device at the other end. Mo-vable"locking-up bars are providedwithin' the chase bledsectional-rulers in two 'fdir'ections at right angles. The compression force may be obtained by the use of bolts screwed into and through the outer members of the chase and with their inner ends bearing against the movable bars, or by other suitable means.

In operation, the sectional rulers are fitted upon the guide rods, which are then placed in the chase. The rules for the perpendicular lines are then fitted between the sectional rulers as desired, and ride upon the guide rods.

Type may be added at the head, foot, and between the rules and between the sectional rulers.

hen the printing form is complete, the side bars of the chase are brought down and held by the locking devices. The form is then closed up by adding the head and side locking-up bars, after which the whole is securely locked up by screwing up the aforesaid bolts.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a perspective view, partly in section, of a form built up with sectional rulers on guide rods in a suitable chase with locking-up bars in position.

Figure 2 shows, in end elevation, sectional rulers of difierent widths.

Figure 3 shows, in end elevation, sectional rulers with different printing surfaces.

Figure 4 shows sectional rulers of a kind with slots adapted for insertion without withdrawing the guide rods.

Figure 5 shows spacing quads similar to sectional rulers without printing surfaces.

Figure 6 showsthe end portions of a head and a side locking-up bar.

Figure 7 is a side elevation of a guide rod fitted into the sidesof a chase and threaded through a number of sectional rulers.

Figure 8 is a side and end view of a perpendicular rule.

Figure 9 is a part side view and an end view of a space bar.

Figure 10 shows, in sectional elevation, a portion of a chase with a spring lock in position.

Figure 11 shows the thickness or printing length of a 6 point and a 132 point sectional ruler.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows a chase made up of head bar a, tail bar 6, bottom side bars 0 fixed to the tail and head bars and with resilient clip or spring lock 0 at the head bar, side bars cZ hinged at b to the tail bar and adapted to interlock with the spring device 0' which has a hook to clip over the reduced end of the side bar d. Head and side locking-up bars a and d respectively are movable in the chase and adapted to compress the assembled sectional rulers e and perpendicular rules 7 in two directions at right angles by means of the bolts 9 which are screwed into and through the head and side bars of the chase with their inner ends bearing adjustably against the movable bars a and 0?. Guide rods h rest on the bottom side bars 0 and are threaded through the sectional rulers e, and also support the perpendicular rules 7".

Convenient dimensions for the sectional rulers e are :-height 66 point or type high, width 12 point advancing by 1 point to 36 point, and in length along the printing sur face the rulers are 6 point increasing by 6 points up to 132 points or more. If intermediate widths, such as 141, 18, 22, 26, 30 or 34C point are required, a 2 point space bar as Figure 9 is used in addition to the next smaller standard size ruler; as 12 point+2 pointzlet point.

Each sectional ruler e prints a section of a line and when a number of rulers e are placed together they will print a line the length of which is determined by the number of rulers employed.

Each ruler e has a printing face, and is a combination of a printing surface which is a line or lines, and a space on one or both sides of the printing surface; two sectional rulers placed side by side with their printing surfaces parallel will print two (or more) parallel lines with a space between the lines. The printing surface may comprise one or more lines which may be continuous, thick or fine, or dotted, and may be at the centre or at or near one side as in F igure 3.

Each sectional ruler is made with a rectangular hole as shown in Figure 2, or a slot as shown in Figure 4, through which the guide rods h are threaded. The slotted kind of ruler shown in Figure 4 is used when extra width is required between the perpendicular lines after the form has been built up, and is slipped over the guide rods after loosening the form, and without disturbing the remainder of the form matter.

Spacing quads are shown in Figure 5 and resemble sectional rulers without printing surfaces and are 60 point in height, i. e. 6 point less than type height. They are used for whiting out, i. e. if no printing is required in a part of the form, quads of suitable width are threaded on the guide rods in place of the sectional rulers,

Guide rods as shown in Figure 7 are rectangular in shape and vary in length to suit the different sizes of chases; in width they are 12 point and 6 point and 18 point in height. They are threaded through the sectional rulers e as in Figure 7, and they also support the perpendicular rules f.

Perpendicular rules as in Figure 8 are 36 point high to adapt them to ride across the guide rods at right angles to the sectional rulers with their printing surfaces flush with those on the sectional rulers. They may be in one length or in several short pieces and have two printing faces, one at top and one at bottom.

The sectional rulers may be partially substituted by type when it is necessary to print words or figures along with the lines or in a portion of a line, in which case the guide rods are partially or entirely with drawn.

Chases are of two kinds, one for printing and one for stereo-typing and are made in several sizes. The printing chase is 60 point in height with bars 48 point in width, and the stereo-typing chase is type high, i. e. 66 point with bars 66 point in width. The head locking-up bar is the full height of the chase and 32 point in width. The side locking-up bar rests on the guide rods and is 30 point in height for the printing chase and 36 point for the stereo-typing chase.

In operation, a suitable chase is first selected either for printing or stereo-typing, of size to take the form intended to be built up. Guide rods h fitted with sectional rulers e are then placed in position with the ends of the guide rods resting on the bottom side bars 0. The perpendicular rules f are then inserted in their proper positions according to the width of columns required.

If type, either figures or letters, are to be inserted in a column, the guide rod is withdrawn, the sectional rulers lifted out and type inserted in their place. The general compression of the form when locked up will hold the type firmly in position.

The sectional rulers can be used without the guide rods in the same way as type, or along with type and type-high rule; the dotted rulers may be used as leaders and also for the blank columns in time-table matters.

Whenthe form is complete, it is locked up by inserting the head locking-up bar a, placing the side locking-up bar 03' on the guide rods 2). The side bars dare brought down to interlock with the spring device 0',

bolts 9 are inserted at the head and sides and tightened up.

I claim 1. Apparatus for printing both horizontal and perpendicular lines comprising sectional rule units provided with openings, guide rods fitted through the said openings, and continuous rules adapted to ride across the guide rods so that the printing surfaces thereon are flush with and at right angles to the printing surfaces on the sectional rule units.

2. Apparatus for printing both horizontal and perpendicular lines comprising sectional rules provided with openings parallel with the printing surface, guide rods fitted through said openings, and perpendicular rules adapted to ride across the guide rods so that the printin surfaces thereon are flush with and at right angles to those on the sectional rules.

3. Apparatus for printing both horizontal and perpendicular lines comprising sectional rules having a printing face and being a combination of a printing surface and a space, continuous rules inserted between and at right angles to the sectional rules, a chase consisting of a head and tail bar, two side bars each hinged to the tail bar and with a reduced end at thehead, two bottom side bars fixed to the tail and head bars and each having a spring device at the head together with a hook adapted to interlock with and clip the reduced end of the adjacent side bar, head and side locking-up bars movable in the chase and adapted to compress the assembled sectional rule and continuous rules in two directions at right angles, and bolts screwed into and through the head and side bars of the chase with their inner ends bearing adjustably against the said head and side locking-up bars.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature hereto this 11th day of Qctober,

ERNEST ROWE.

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