US1447770A - Hydrocarbon burner - Google Patents

Description

Man a, 1923.

W. EGLE.. HYDHOGARBON BURNER.

FILED MAR 29, 1920 WN v MN QN. N\\

stares 'rarest cettea.,N

WILLIAM EG-LE, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN;

HYnitociiitisoiv` BURNER.

Application mea March 29, 1920. seriai No. aea'sii.

To aZZ'wiom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, 'WiLLiAMEeLn a citizenI of the United States, residin at-Detroit, in the county ofV VVay'neand tate of4 Michigan, have inventeda new `and useful Hydrocarbon Burner,y ofl which the following isa specification. y

This invention' relatesv to hydrocarbon burners and more particularly toburners' designed-to use petroleum and-like heavy hydrocarbon oilsas fuel.

It1is=1the object of the invention to .provide a hydrocarbon burner having provision for preheating the fuel tol decrease'itsviscosityand insure a more ready combustion, andlfurther having means for mixing a regulable quantity of air with thefuel prior to combustion, and means for delivering a regulable supply of airf'to support com-bus -tion` .of the mixture'.

A further feature of the invention isthe regulation of the fuel discharge by means of the air whchyismixed with the' fuel prior v to combustion. i

In attainingwthese objects, the inventioncontemplates aliquid sfuelnozzle disposedl withinan air passage to which airis delivered `under pressure, saidipass'age havingA a mixture outlet in line'with the-discharge i offsaid nozzle, and the latter being adjustf` able to and from .said outlet so that theproportionfof air in:the1mixture'may bein'-V creased or decreased according as the nozzle' is shifted from ory toward said outlet.' The' .invention further contemplates a plurality l of 'fairfr tubes similarly: inclined ,tof discharge toward the point of combustion and adjust'- able in. unison to or from said point.`

A preferred embodiment of the invention is hereinafter described and illustrated-in the accompanying drawing, wherein,

Fig. 1 is a view of the improved burner in side elevation.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of the same.

In these views the reference characterfl designates a tubular air passage, and 2 is a hollow discharge headinto which-one end of the member l is screw-threaded. Said head is formed with an youtlet@ from the passage 1,`which outlet opens into a cup.- shaped. depression l in the exterior face of the head. l/Vithin the passage l there is centrally extended -a liquid fuel nozzle l5, havf` ing the conical discharge `head '6 formed carrying said mem-ber.'

Aair from thel annular witlithe axial outlet 7 in alinement with the outlet '3, and also Vformed with a number oflaterally opening discharge ports 8. The( nozzle 5' is longitudinally adjustablevto vary the spaced relation betweenthe heady 6v andoutlet 3', being adapted forsuch'adji'istment by engagementy with a slide bearing 9'su`itably4 packed as indicated at l0 and carried by'oneend of al liquid fuel passage 1l, which is securedto the passagefll in alinement therewith. Vithin said passage l1 the memberl has an actuating" extension l2 formedI by cutting said member along its axis and removing onefofthejhalves thus produced, andby forming-.a rack ofgear teeth Vin the longitudinalledges4 of the remaining'halfl This'rackis:r engaged a pinion ll3mounted fastupon a stem let trans-y versely'journaledfin the member lland projecting atone end exteriorly of'fsa'id member to receivean actuating handle, 15j. The passage ll has! a closedffaxial extension'lo` to Y accommodate the" rack member 12"' inany ofA thelvarious retracted positions of'the nozzle Liquid fuel .is 'de'-` livered to the passage lllfrom a'pipe 17 havingfa portion 1l8^enclosedjwithin` a heating" chamber formed by apassage @delivering I chamber 20 ink the head 2 tovthzerear portion of the passageV l. Airv under pressure `is supplied `to said ani nularchamber throughffa pipe 421 commu-nicati'nguiithfsaid chaiiiber? preferably at ai point diametrically opposite the outlet thereof.y Tlielfhead v2=prov'idesl a mounting for a plurality of air tubes 22 similarlyinl' clined to the aXis of discharge ofthe burner, their' discharge ends T being convergent av short 5distanceforward^fof the mixtureyoute let 3 and their rear endsfbeing formed with bell-mouthedv air inlets 22e slightlyto the rear of the head 2. As a' common-meansfor adjusting said air tubes.'longitudinally in the head2, a'wingmut 23 -isengaged with a threaded portion lof the member l,y and collarsQQt respectively formed upon the rear endsy of saidnirtubesare extended linto an annular slot y25 in thehnut 2?),said slot being-suitably inclined to the axis of Asaid nut to .accommodate ysaid collars.` Thusf when the wing-nut is adjusted longitudinally upon themember l,- the airfitubeslare correspondinglyshiftedy in unison along their respectivey axes.

Thek described burner is particularly designed for burning the heavier liquid hydrocarbons, such as petroleum or crude oil, and by preheating both the fuel and the air which 'is commingled therewith a very satisfactory combustion of such fuels is secured. The head 2 becomes highly heated while the burner is in use, imparting a high temperature to the air owing through the annular chamber 20. The air thus heated in flowing through the passage 19 exerts a preheating effect upon the liquid fuel which is being delivered through the pipe 19, so that the mixture which discharges from the outlet 3 is at a temperature requiring but little further elevation to reach the combustion point. The liquid fuel content of the mixture which discharges from the opening 3 is increased through approaching the nozzle head 6 to said opening,and decreased by retracting the nozzle so as to increase its distance from said opening. This regulation of the mixture follows from the described adj ustment'of the nozzle, for the rea-V son that the body of air under pressure between the nozzle and outlet 3 opposes the dis charge of liquid Vfuel and this opposition increases in proportionas the size of said body is increased through withdrawing thev nozzle from saidoutlet. Combustion occurs closely adjacent the head 2, and is supported tion results with a maximum of heat and minimum of smoke and soot.

While designed primarily for use with heavy hydrocarbon fuels, the described burner is also vapplicablefor use with almost any fluid hydrocarbon as fuel..-

What claim is: 1. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a fluid fuel nozzle, a tubular air passage within which said nozzle is mounted, a dis-- charge head mounted upon said tubular air passage having a mixture outlet substantially alined with the nozzle and formed with an air heating chamber, means for adjusting said nozzle to orl from said mixture outlet, mea-ns for delivering air through said air heating chamber to said air passage, and means for delivering fluid fuel to said nozzle and for preheating said fuel by means of the heated air drawn from said air heathead at one end and having a semi-tubular portion ycut away and a rack of gear teeth formed upon the edges of the remaining semi-tubular portion, a tubular air passage in which said nozzle is mounted, said passage having a mixture outlet substantiallyl 3. A hydrocarbon burnerV comprising a head having a mixture outlet, means for delivering air and fluid fuel to said outlet,

means for varying the proportions in which the air and fluid fuel are delivered to said outlet, an air tube mounted inisaid head discharging adjacent the point of combuS-1 tion, and means for adjusting said tube to or from the combustion point.

4. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a head having a mixture outlet, means for delivering air and fluid ,fuel to said outlet, means for varying the proportions in which the air and fluid fuel are delivered to said outlet, an air tube slidably mounted in said head at an, inclination to the axis of discharge, the outlet of said tube being adjaf cent the point' of combustion, and means forl adjusting said tube longitudinally kto vary the distance of its outlet from the combustion point.

5. A hydrocarbon burner .comprising a head.` having a mixture outlet, means for delivering air and fluid fuel to said outlet, means for varying ythe proportions in which the air and fluid fuel are delivered to said outlet, a plurality of air tubes mounted in said head andv similarly inclined to the axis of discharge, the outlets of*` said ltubes being adjacent the point of combustion, and a common means for adjusting said tubes to vary the distance of their outlets from the combustion point. Y

6. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination with a discharge head having a'mixture outlet, a tubular .air passage connected to said head andv communicating with said outlet, a fluid fuel nozzle extending within said passage and discharging toward said' outlet, means for adjusting said nozzlel andl ,discharge head relatively to vary the distance of the nozzle from said outlet, a plurality of air tubes slidably mounted in said head at a similar inclination tothe axis of discharge of the nozzle, the outlets `of said tubes being' adjacent the point of combustion, and an actuating nutadjustably mounted upon said air passage and engagj ing said air tubes to adjust the same longitudinally in unison.

7. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a head having a fluid fuel outlet, a plurality of air tubes mountedvin said head and similarly inclined to the axis of discharge, the

outlets of said tubes being adjacent the point of combustion, and a common means of said tube being adjacent the -point of for adjusting said tubes to vary the discombustion, and means for adjusting said 10 tance of their outlets from the combustion tube longitudinally to vary the distance of points. i its outlet from the combustion point.

8. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a In testimony whereof I sign this specificahead having a Huid fuel outlet, an air tube tion. slidably mounted in said head at an inclij nation to the axis of discharge, the outlet WILLIAM EGLE.

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