US1446860A - Washable dyed silk piece goods and process of dyeing them - Google Patents

Description

Patented Feb. 27, 1923.

JOSEPH SEYER, OF HAWTHORNE. NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR'TO STANDARD SILK DYEING ('30., F PATERSON, NEW JERS EY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

WASHAIBLE DYED SILK PIECE GOODS AND PROCESS OF DYEING THEM.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosnrH Saran, a citizen of the United States, a resident of Hawthorne, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful \Vashable Dyed Silk Piece Goods andlroccsses of Dyeing Them. of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a new article of manufacture, or product consisting of a washable silk fabric which has been dyed in the form of piece goods, and the processes of producing and dyeing such fabrics.

Hitherto no successful way has been found of dyeing silk piece goods'in various colors so as to produce a washable article. that is one that may be washed in warm soap water without becoming spotted or irregularly changed in its shadeof color. My invention has succeeded in producing silks dyed in various colors in the form of piece goods. and it has furthermore achieved the production of washable silks which will not impart their colors to a washin liquid such as an aqueous soap solution.

y invention has accordingly as an object the production of washable silks dyed in any desired shade of color in the form of piece goods. and it has as a further object the production of washable silks which will not impart color to the washing liquid. It is also an object of my invention to produce washable silks dyed with colors of many kinds and shades that are relatively inexpensive, and to fix these colors on the silks.

A further object is to avoid the uneven dyeing and undesirable results obtained by mordanting silk previous to the beginning of the dyeing operation. A. still further object is to produce piece goods of silk which will be relatively fast to perspiration, light, and ironing. It is also an object to produce the above results with pure silk and also with mixed goods.

Further objects will appear hereinafter.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention I proceed by four different processes according to whatever color and shade is dei tion filed December 1, 1922. Serial No. 604,890. i

sired, eachprocess varying more or less from the other in certain details. I shall thereso fore describe each process in detail. For the purpose of illustration of the application of each process to the production of certain colors. I will list the colors named on the Color Card of America issued by The Textile Color (ard Association of the U. S. (5th ed).

Process #1.

This process, to be described below, is applicable for the following colors:

White Ivory Cream Leghorn Maize S. 1001 S. 1041 S. 1045 S. 4115 S. 3115 Apricot Ocean green Ashes of rose Chartreuse Salmon pink S. 4123 S. 5164 S. 2173 S. 5413 S. 2145 Flesh Pink 1 Pink 2 Pink 3 Lavender S. 2l3l S. 2l03 2105 S. 2107 S. 7123.

Nile green Lt. blue 1 Lt. blue 2 Lt. blue 3 Lt. blue 4 l 5143 6103 6105 S. 6107 S.

Champagne Beige Ecru Fawn Old rose S. 4153 S. 4185 .3183 S. 3185 S. 2183 Orchid Amethyst Mlgnonet'e Reseda Heliotrope S. 7183 7185 .5183 S. 5185 S. 81

Lemon Golden rod Orange Bumt orange Terra cotta S. 4005 S. 4025 S. 3005 S. 3025 S. 4285 Mahogany Nickel Silver Pearl grey Steel S. 4287 8115 S. 8113 S. 8111 S. 8065 Wild rose Tan Gold brown Chamois Gold S. 2163 S. 3083 S. 3285 S. 4383 S. 4815 Old gold Bronze Lilac Sage Topaz S. 4817 S. 5385 S. 7163 S. .3823 S. 3485 Bull" Cornflower Maple Honey Laurel pink S. 3842 v l 6123 4133 S. .135 S. 2135 Mist ermaid estal Horizon Spray S. 1803 S. 1583 8. 17% 8.16% S. 165'! Teamse oral Sunset Iris Primrose S. 1233 S. 2133 S 1 133 S. 1623 S. 1403 Blossom Lt. blue 5 Lt. blue 6 Pink 4 Pink 5 S. 1283 S. 6161 S. 6162 S. 2108 S. 2109 so The process is conducted as follows: The

piece goods-are treated in a continuously boiling hath containing 250 gallons of water 10 lbs. sodium phosphate (Na HPO 12H one lb. 50% strength Turkey-red oil (alkaline), one gal. 50% soap solution, and the goods are worked therein for 20 minutes, after which are added to the bath 20 lbs. Glaubers salts Na SO .1OH O) and a dyestufi' such as a direct, basic, vat, or sulfur dye according to whatever shade is desired (examples of these dyes are given below). The goods are then given a cleans ing soap bath at a boiling temperature and the goods are worked for 30 minutes. They are then washed well and acidulated.

Process #2.

This process is applicable for the following colors:

Turquoise Geranium Beaver Strawberry Emerald S. 6153 S 5 S. 3187 S. 2185 S. 5005 Hunter Myrtle Saxe blue Electric Sapphire S. 5007 S. 5067 S. 6053 S. 6055 6057 Plum Prune Eggplant Copenhagen Delft S. 7187 S. 7817 S. 7905 S.'61S3 S. 6185 Slate Graphite Smoke Taupe Castor S. 8067 S. 8965 S. 8935 S. 8845 S. 88-13 Raspberry National Yale blue Marine Cadet S. 2165 S. 6005 S. 6007 S. 6033 S. 6853 Regimental Olive Evergreen Cherry Ruby S. 6855 S. 5485 S. 5495 S. 20f); S. 2065 Am. Beauty Peacock Wisteria. Magenta Fuchsia S. 2067 S. 6505 S. 7195 S. 7285 S. 7205 Bottle green Violet Pansy Purple Old china S. 5827 S. 7003 S. 7005 S. 7007 S. 6184 Japan blue Moss Carmine Bluebird Spring green 8. 6187 S. 5483 S. 2263 S. 6065 S. 5043 [ndiana The process is conducted as follows: The piece goods are dyed in a gum soap liquor, otherwise known as boiled oll' liquor, acidulatcd with 2 lbs. 66 Be. and 20 lbs. respectively of sulfuric or acetic acid. and the operation is begun by working the goods in this bath for 20 minutes. after which the dyestuffs such as basic, direct or acid dyes are added to produce the shade desired as above. When the goods match the objective sample, there are added to the dye bath of 250 gallons-liquor. 5 lbs. tannic acid (C H (),,.:2H,()) and the goods are worked for one hour continuously at aboil. They are then well washed and treated in a cold bath of water comprising two hundred and fifty gallons. with 4% lbs. tartar emetic (CQLO KSbog H O) for 40 minutes. After this they are well washed and then cleaned in a soap bath at 160 F. The treatment is now concluded by washing Well and acidulating.

Process #3.

This process is applicable for the following colors:

Chestnut Seal. Navy 1. Navy 2. Navy'3 S. 3925 S. 3928 S. 6085 S. 6925 S. 6975 Navy 4 Brown Tobacco Negro Olive brown S. 6985 S. 3295 S. 3945 S. 3948 S. 4856 The process is conducted as follows: The piece goods are dyed in a gum soap liquor or in a boiling water liquor acidulated with (per 250 gallons liquor) 20 lbs. acetic acid, using direct dyes according to the shadev desired. They are then treated with about six pounds oftannic acid in a water liquor comprising about two hundred and fifty gallons of liquor, at a temperature of 160 F. for one hour. They are then washed. well and treated in a cold water bath of two hundred and fifty gallons with 41.5 lbs. tartar emetic for 40 minutes, after which they are again well washed. A diazotization is then car- S. 1 Burgundy Maroon lows: The piece goods are dyed meeeco Process #4. This process is applicable for the follow- 111g colors Scarlet Cardinal Dk. cardinal Garnet (laret 2003 S. 2005 S. 2007 S. 2009 S. 2167 The process is conducted as follows: The piece goods are dyed in a boiling water bath with a diazotizable dye such as a liquor with primuline dye, and the goods are dyed therein to the required shade. and then diazotized with 5 lbs. sodium nitrate and 2 lbs. sulfuric acid in 250 gallons of cold water for 20 minutes. They are then washed well and developed with 6 lbs. beta napthol in 250 gallons cold water, worked well 01040 minutes,and then washed. At this point the treatment is continued according to process #1, beginning at the first.

step thereof, for the purpose of dyeing to.

the shade desired with basic or direct dyes. The goods as finally dyed are given a cleans ing bath of soap water at a boiling temperature and worked for 40 minutes, then washed. and acidulated, substantially as in the final slcp of said process #1.

In the four above-described processes various classes of dyes are mentioned for use in the respective processes, and it is desired to state here some examples of the dyes falling under each class. As basic dyes may be used brilliant green, Victoria blue, rhodamine (red). thiotlavine T (yellow), and methyl violet 0 B (blue) and. R (red); as direct dyes, pontamine green BBX, diazolinc dark substantially all of theothcr vat dyes; as

sulfur dyes. sulfur yellow, sulfur blue, sulfur brown, and substantially all of the other sulfur dyes. This list is illustrative, not exhaustive, as other dyes may be used according to their nature and shade.

For producing a black I proceed as folin a bath composed of 500 gallons of water, 30% by weight of fustic extract, 10% by weight of hematine extract oxidized logwood. The

goods are worked in the liquor at the boiling" temperature for :20 minutes, and then to the same liquor are added 25% by weight of black iron, 4% by weight of blue stone, and 20% by Weight acetic acid (to dissolve precipitate in the bath). The goods are Worked at the boiling temperature for one hour, and are then washed well. The goods are now treated in another bath composed of 500 gallons boiling water, 30% hematine extract, and 50 lbs. soap, and they are worked therein for one hour, and then washed. The next step consists in treating the goods in a bath of 500 gallons water at 160 F, containing tannic acid in the proportion of six pounds tannic acid per 250 gallons of dye liquor. This is followed by the tartar emetic treatment as in process #3, namely, four and-one-half pounds of tartar emetic per two hundred and fifty gallons of dye liquor. The final dyed goods are given two cleansing soap baths at a boiling temperature, and then washed well and acidulated. There is thus produced a washable black which will not impart a black or dark color to a wash ing soap liquid below 160 F. or thereabouts.

As a result of the above processes there are produced varieties of dyed silk piece goods which are washable, that is, they may be -washed in water containing soap at a temperature of 110 F., and they will, in. most cases, stand 180 F., withoutsuffering unevenness in shade or color. or distinct loss of color. In addition to the highly desirable quality of being washable, these piecesilks have also the property of being washable wit out imparting any substantial amount. of their color to the washing liquid, such as water or soap solution. These results have not hitherto been achieved with silk piece goods dyed in all shades of colors. The alizarin dyes, which are used for the production of fast colors, are expensive and exist only in a limited number of shades. My new silk goods may accordingly be distinguished from other silk goods by noting several'of their qualities as follows: They have been dyed in the piece, and are fast to washing in lukewarm soapy water about 110F.) but not fast to boiling soapy water although, as before stated, they may often stand higher temperatures than 110 F.. up to about 160 F. Another feature of my new goods is that they may be produced and sold in all colors and shades of color, thus distinguishing, for

example. from alizarin dyed goods. A still further characteristic of my silk piece goods is that they will not bleed in cold water. that is, impart color thereto, nor will they readily show the marks and effects of perspiration. They may be washed together with silk, cotton, artificial silk, wool, etc, without staining them. the temperature being about 110 F. as above. They also have excellent fastness to light and ironing.

While my silk piece goods have been described as being of unmixed silk, it is also possible to make mixed silk goods, such as silk and cotton, by the above-described processes according to the nature of the result desired.

In methods 1 to 4 inclusive I have de--' scribed processes of dyeing silk in. various colors, and in method 5 I have described the process of dyeing black, so that by the use of the words colored silk, or their equivalent, 1 mean colors other than black.

As many apparently widely different embodiments of my-invention may be made without departing from the spirit thereof, I do not intend to limit myself to any particular embodiment except as indicated in the following patent claims. I

I claim:

1. Silk goods dyed in the piece and fast to washing in lukewarm soapy water but'not fast to boiling aqueous soapy liquid.

2. Silk goods dyed in the piece, and fast to washing in lukewarm soapy water but not fast. to boiling soapy water, said goods having the addit1onal property of not imparting a substantial amount of color to an aqueous washing liquid.

3. Silk goods dyed in the piece and fast towashing in lukewarm soapy water but not fast to boiling aqueous soapy liquid, said goods having the additional properties of being in considerable degree fast to light, ironing, and perspiration.

4. Silk goods dyed in the piece and fast to washing in soapy water at about 110 F. to about 180 F., but not fast to boiling soapy water.

Silk goods dyed in the piece, and hav ing the properties of not bleeding in cold soapy water, and of giving up color to boiling soapy water.

6. Silk goods dyed in the piece, and having the properties of not staining other fibres in soapy water, and of giving up color to boiling soapy water.

7. Colored silk goods dyed in the piece and relatively highly fast to perspiration.

8. Silk goods dyed in the piece and relatively highly fast'to perspiration but not fast to boiling aqueous soapy liquid.

9. Goods dyed in the piece, said goods comprising silk and other fibers. and having theproperties of being fast to washing but not fast to boiling aqueous soapy liquid.

10. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising working them in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing an alkaline sodium phosphate, and adding to the bath a sodium sulphate and a dye.

11. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising working them in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing disodium hydrogen phosphate, adding a dye to the bath, and cleansing with a boiling soap liquor.

12. The process of treating silk piece liquor.

tinuously boiling aqueous liquor containing an alkaline sodium phosphate, adding to the bath a sodium sulphate and a dye, and cleansing with a boiling soap liquor.

13. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising Working themin a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing an alkaline sodium phosphate and Turkey red oil, adding to the bath a sodium sulphate and a dye, and cleansing with a boiling soap 14. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising working them in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing disodium hydrogen phosphate, Turkey red oil, and soap, addin to the bath Glaubers salts and a dye,'and cleansing with a boilingsoap liquor.

15; The process of treating silk piece goods comprising working them in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing disodium hydrogen phosphate, Turkey red oil, and soap, adding to the dye bath Glauhers salts and a dye, cleansing with a boiling soap liquor, washing, and acidulat-ing.

16. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising dyeing them in a boiling aqueous liquid, working them in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing an alkaline sodium phosphate, adding a dye thereto, and cleansing in a boiling soap liquor.

17. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising dyeing them in a boiling aqueous liquid, working them in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing disodium hydrogen phosphate, Turkey red oil, andvsoap, addin to the bath Glaubers salts and a dye, anc cleansing in a boiling soap liquor.

18. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising dyeing them in a. boiling aqueous liquid, diazotizing the dye, washing, developing, washing, working the goods in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing disodium hydrogen phosphate, Turkey red oil,-and soap, adding to the dye bath Glaubers salts and a dye, cleansing in a boiling soap liquor, washing, and acidulating.

19. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising dyeing them in a boiling aqueous liquid, diazotizing the dye, working the goods in a boiling aqueous liquor con- .azotizable dye, diazotizing aaaaeeo tainin Turkey red oil, adding to the dye bath xlauhers salts and a dye, and then cleansing, washing and acidulating.

20. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising dyeing them with a diazotizahle dye, diazotizing the dye, again dyeing the goods in a liquor containing d1- sodium hydrogen phosphate, and then cleansing in a boiling soap liquor.

21. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising dyeing them with a dithe dye, again dyeing the goods in a liquor containing disodium hydrogen phosphate and Turkey red oil, and then cleansing in a boiling soap liquor.

22. The process of treating silk piece goods comprising dyeing them with a diazotizable dye, diazotizing the dye, again dyeing the goods in a liquor containing disodium hydrogen phosphate and Turkey red oil. with the addition of Glauberssalts, and then cleansing in a boiling soap liquor.

The process of dyeing silk comprising treating it in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor, dyeing it therein, and fixin the dye upon the silk in the same boiling at-h= 24. The process of dyeing silk comprising treating it in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor, then adding a dye thereto, and fixing the dye upon the silk.

The process of dyeing silk comprising treating it in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing (ii-sodium hydrogen phos phate and adding a dye thereto to dye the silk.

26. The process of dyeing silk comprising treating it in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing di-sodium hydrogen phosphate, Glaubers salts, Turkey-red oil and soap, and adding a dye thereto.

'27. The process of dyein silk piece goods comprising treating them in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor, dyeing them therein and fixing the dye upon the Sl'lk;

28. The process of dyeing silk piece goods comprising treating them in a continuously boiling aqueous liquor containing di-sodium hydrogen phosphate, dyeing them therein and fixing the dye upon the silk.

i In testimony that I claim the fore oing, I have hereunto set my hand this 281: day of November, 1922.

JOSE-PH SEYER.