US1446777A

US1446777A - Machine for manufacturing toothed wheels, screw wheels, or the like

Info

Publication number: US1446777A
Application number: US449008A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wingquist Sven Gustaf
Original assignee: Svenska Kullagerfabriken AB
Current assignee: SKF AB
Priority date: 1921-03-02
Filing date: 1921-03-02
Publication date: 1923-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 1940-02-27

Description

Feb. 27, 1923. 1,446,777.

, I S. G. WIN'GQUISL' I MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING TOOTHED WHEELS, SCREW WHEELS, OR THE LIKE.

2 sHE *SSHEET g.

flLED MARE 2, I921.

Feb. 27, 1923.

' 1,446,777, S. G. WINGQUIST. UFACTURING TOOTHED wHEELs SCREW WHEELS, OR THE LIKE.

MACHINE FOR MAN 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

FILED MAR. 2. I921.

Patented Feb. 2?, i923.

uNrr star-s SVEN GUSTAF JVINGQUIST, OF GQTTENBOR-G. SWEBEN, ASSTEGNOPI TO AKTIEBGLAGET SVENSKA KULLAG'ERFABBIKEN, OF GOTTEHBORG, SWEDEN, CORPORATION OF SWEDEN.

Application filed. March 2, 1921. Serial No. 449,008.

To all whomit may concern: I Be it known that I, SvnN Gris'riir, ING- Uisr, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Gottenborg, in the Kingdom oi: Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Manufacturing Toothed \Vheels, Screw ll heels, or the like, of which the following is ,a'specification.

This invention relates to machines for manufacturing toothed wheels, worm wheels, bevel gear wheels or the like by milling, planin or grinding operations according tothe rolling principle or according to an other generating principle in which the wheel blank and the tool perform a relative rolling or rotating movement during the operation. The invention relates more particula-rly to such machines of the said kind in which the said rolling or rotating movement is controlled by alink system. The essentialinconvenience of machines as heretofore known, having motion transmitting means of the said kind consists in this that one and the same machine cannot be used for manufacturing wheels having different pitch or rolling circles, as a given link system the links of which have definite lengths will produce a correct rolling movement only at a definite diameter of the rolling circle corresponding to the length of the links. This invention has for its object to enable a correct rolling movement of wheels the pitch or rolling circles of which maybe varied within wide limits, to be obtained in such machines by means of, one and the same link. system, Theinvention consists, essentially,

in this thatthe tool is displayed relatively to the wheel blank in the direction of rolling of the latter proportionally to the displacement of the wheel blank in such away I that the said displacements will bear a relation to one anothen which. corresponds tothe relation the difi'erencebetween the radii of the rolling circles of the link system and of the wheel blank bears to the radiusof the 1 011 the link system. In ent of the invention,

the machine part the tool is pivg circle of otally connected to a double-armed lever which one endis provided with a stationany ,gi'tide way, the. other end of said lever bein controll d by the m chine part carry- 7 l g ith jwheel blank, the axis of rotation of the said lever being. situated on a tangent tanee 0 0 the c to the rolling circle of the wheel blank which parallel to the direction of rolling. y The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, Fig. l-shows, diagrammatically a known link system. Fig. 2

shows diagrammatically one embodiment of a link system-according to this. invention.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view ofa machine for manufacturing spur gear wheels andihaving a link system according to Fig. 2. Fig. t is a side elevationv ofthe machine, as shown in Fig. 3, partly in section. V i i The known-link system illustrated'in Fig. 1 by means ofwhich the cylinder C is caused to roll on theplane surface P, consists of a. link or crank a rigidly "connected to the shaft 09 of the cylinder and having a length equal to the radius of the cylinder C. Pivotally and slidably connected to the free end a, of said link a is alink I) having a. shaft w stationary with relation to the shaft 00 and being pivotally and ,slidably guided at the point 0 where the rolling movement. of the cylinder C begins. The shaft 00 of the link i) is always situated on the straight line L extending through the rolling point 0 at every instant and through the cylinder sh aft a. The two shafts x and 00 may be attached 9 to a slide movable in the direction of rolling and the displacement of which causes the cylinder C by the aid of the link system a. b to move relatively to the planesurt'ace P; It should be understood that the character of this movementv depends on the length of the link Zuand. by choosing-this length, as proposed, equal. or approxim ately equal to thrice the radius of the cylinder C.

thesaid movement will represent, for small angles of rolling, a, practically,ideal rolling V movement on the plane surface P. Thelink system shown cannot, as is readily understood he used for unnollin'g. other cylinders than those having their radii eq al,.to the length of the link a; p

In Fig. 2 there is shown an arrangement of thelink system according l'iO. t.l1iS,lI1lTI tion whereby one and thesame l; k system may be used tor enrolling cylinders havi ,9: different, radii; Th link system pop is identical. with that shown in. j consists of the twojl-i iks a a slide. carrying the (shafts placed in ,.the direfition off;

"under {(3 i above described, by a corresponding distance while rolling on the plane surface P. Assuming now another cylinder G coaxial \viththe. cylinder C and rigidly connected thereto and having a diameter which is less than that of the cylinder C, it is readily understood, that said other cylinder in the said displacement of the shafts as and :0 will ing movement, as 'is readily understood, will take place along a portion of the surface P bearing a relation tothe distance O0 on the surface P which is equal to the relation which the radius of the cylinder C bears to the radius of the cylinder C. Rolling movement, in other words, will take place along a distance corresponding to the distance 0 -0 while the distance O 0 represents the portion of the total distance O 0 on which sliding movement takes place. Thus, by displacing the surface P in the direction of rolling by a distance 0 -0 while at the same time moving the cylinder 0 by the distance O 0 the movement ofthe cylinder C relatively to the surface P will be a proper rolling movement bya distance equal to the distance 0 -0 The length of the distance O 0 representing the displacement bears a relation to the total length O .0 which is equal to the relation which the difference between the radii of the cylinders C and C bears to the radius of the cylinder C. The said displacement of the surface P may be effected according to this 7 invention by pivotally connecting to the surface P as at 0 indicated in the drawing by the dotted line, a double-armed lever 0 of which one end is provided with a stationary guide-way at the initial point '0 the other end of said lever being guided by the inovable shaft w of the cylinder 0.. The said lever in the movement of the cylinder C from the initial position 0 and to the'position 0 will evidently displace the surface P accurately by the distance O 0 and rolling will take place by means of the links a and b by a distance corresponding to the distance 0 0 Evidently, the lever 0 need not be guided necessarily at the points O, 0 and as, but'may be substituted by any lever situated any-where and parallel to the lever c, as for instance the lever 0 indicated by full lines in the drawing. An essential requirement is only that the axi of rotatio 0 0f the le ver is situated on a tangent to the cylinder C parallel to the direction of rolling. 5y lacing the surface of rolling P on a slide of the link system.

adjustable at right angles to the direction of rolling and by means of which the axis of rotation 0 may be adjusted in the said direction so that thedistance 0 -a2 becomes equal tothe radius of rolling desired, it is possible, by means of one and the same link system (a, Z9) to unroll cylinders having radii of any desired length. I p

In Figs 3 and 4 there is shown a constructional form of the link system according to Fig. 2 as applied to a machine for manufacturing spur gear wheels. Like reference numerals for the sake of clearness have been used, as far as possible, to indicate corre sponding parts in Figs. 2, 3 and'. With reference to Figs. 3 and 4:, 1 denotes a frame carrying a slide 2 movable in the direction of rolling and forming a bearing for the shaft 00 of the link a as well as for the shaft Q31 of the link b. The link 6 is provided at its'one end with a pivot O' mounted in a bearing 3 formed in the frame 1, and forms at the same end a guide-way or seat 4 for a slide 5 carrying the pivot ai of the link or crank a, connected at its other end to the shaft 0:. Provided at the other end of the link Z) is a guide-wayor seat 6 for a slide 7 carrying the shaft 00 so that upon the displacement of the slide 2 and the resulting swinging movement of thelink b about the rigid pivot O, the shaft m with the slide 7 may be displaced relatively to the link I).

.Rigidly connected to the shaft a? of the link a is a' table 8 for receiving the wheel blank H to be rolled relatively to the tool by means The tool consists in this case of a vertically adjustable cutter 9 representing one tooth of an imagined generating rack on the pitch surface P of which the wheel blank H- is to be rolled with its pitch circle 0 The cutter 9 is carried by a slide 10 movable in the direction of rolling and journalled, as by'means of an arm 11 and a pivot 0 to the double armed lever 0 The lever 0 the geometric axis of rotation 0 of which is shown as adjusted into the surface P touching the pitch circle '0 of the wheel blank C is shaped to form guide-v ways both for a slide 12 supporting a pivot pin or shaft 13 journalled in the machine frame 1., and for a slide 14 having attached to it a pivot pin or a shaft 15 journalled in an arm 16 projecting from the slide 2. The

slide 10 is carried by a slide 17 guided in the frame 1 and adjustable at'right angles to the direction of rolling so'as to enable the pivot pin 0 of the lever 0 which is connected to the slide 10 to be adjusted according to the rolling or pitch circle in each instance.

The operation of the device corresponds in all essential parts to that described in connection with Fig. 2 and is briefly stated as follows; The wheel blank H having been clai -ped to the table 8, and the tool 9 with the pivot pin 0 of the lever 0 having been adjusted correspondingly to the pitch circle C, of the wheel blank, the tool 9 is caused, as by means of any appropriate driving means, to perform a reciprocating cutting movement, the slide 2 being at the same time displaced slowly in the direction towards the tool (that is downwards in Fig. 8). This will produce, by means of the lever 0 a displacement of the slide 10 with the cutting tool 9 in the direction of movement of the slide 2 so that, as explained in connection with the description of Fig. 2, the relative movement of the wheel blank with respect to the tool will be a pure rolling movement and the tool will form a complete tooth space in the wheel blank. As will appear from Fig. 3 the unrolling operation takes place at both sides of the central position of the link system and, preferably, symmetrically with respect to said position thus ensuring a more correct tooth shape than would be obtained in case of the unrolling taking place at one side of the central position only.

It should be understood that while one embodiment of the'invention is shown in the accompanying drawings by way of example, the invention may be embodied in other forms and that the details of the embodiment shown may be variously changed and modified without departing from the spirit of the invention, which is not limited to any particular form or construction of the parts except in so far as such limitations are specified in the claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a machine for manufacturing gear wheels according to the principle set forth, the combination with a link system for producing a relative rolling movement between a wheel blank and a tool, of means for displacing the tool relatively to the wheel blank in the direction of rolling of the latter proportionally to the displacement of the wheel blank in such a way'that said displacements will bear a relation to one another corresponding to the relation which the difference between the radii of the roll ing circles of the link system and of the wheel blank, respectively, bears to the, radius of the rolling circle of link system.

2. In a machine for manufacturinggear wheels on the principle set forth, the combination with a link system for producing a relative rolling movement between a wheel blank and a tool, of means for carrying the tool, means for carrying the wheel blank, a double-armed lever, a pivotal connection between said lever and the meanscarrying the tool, a stationary guide for one end of said lever, the other end of said lever being controlled by the means carrying the wheel blank, the said pivotal connection being situated on a tangent to the rolling circle of the wheel blank parallel to the direction of rolling.

3. In a machine for manufacturing gear wheels according to the principle set forth, I

the combination with a link system for producing a relative rolling movement between a wheel blank and a tool, of means carrying the tool, said means being adjustable in a direction at right angles to the direction of rolling.

4:. In a machine for manufacturing gear wheels according to the principle set forth, the combination with alink system for producing a relative'rolling movement between a wheel blank and a tool, of means for carrying the tool, said means being adjustable in a direction at right angles to the direction of rolling, means for carrying the wheel blank, a double-armed lever, a pivotal connection between said lever and the means carrying the tool, a stationary guide for one end of said lever," the other end of said lever being controlled by the means carrying the wheel blank, the said pivotal connection being situated on a tangent to the rolling circle of the wheel blank parallel to the direction of rolling.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name. v

SVEN GUSTAF WINGQUIST.