US1446141A - Rope - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 20, 1923.

E. M. ADAMS, JR.

ROPE.

FILED APR. 28. |919.

Patented Feb. 29,

EDWARD MiLroN Anfiivis, Je, or stinnniaooiin, QUEBEC, Gemine. M

ROPE.

Appiicafion filed april 2e, 191s. serial No. 293,169.-

To all whom 'it may concern.' v

Be it known that l, EDWARD MILTON ADAMS, Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates,

and resident of the city otl Sherbrooke, in`

the Provinceot' Quebec and lDominion of Canada, have invented certain `new and useful Improvements in lopes, ot' which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This inventionfi'elates to improvements in rope, and the objectjor" the invention isv `woven rope is largely cotton and the great' advantage possessed is a reduction in the stretch .of rvthe rope as comparedy kwith atwisted rope. One ot `,the j principal reasons why rope stretches is that` when put i tightly woven or braided covering over saidy under tension, it unwinds toa certain eX- tentythusstraightening out to, a certain eX- tent the circuitous path of each ,of its strands. In woven rope, this tendency vto unwind is very largely overcome but the woven rope nevertheless has a :certain 'un-- .winding ltendency due to ,the relative arrangement o-f the loops where` thevarious strandsypass over one another. This may be demonstrated bythe fact that woven rope may be twisted to a limited extent vabout its own axis in one direction biitnot' to any appreciable extent in the opposite direction. This is due to the fact that twisting in one direction loosensthe loops while twisting in the opposite. direction draws the already tight loops more tightly.; It may thus be said that ordinary wovenrope-has to a very limited extent a twist which when untwisted will permit a small amount of elongation. l

According to this invention, the rope is provided with a tightly twisted core and a fcore.y the twists oliv the core and covering being opposite, so that when under tension any untwisting tendency of the covering produces a twisting tendencyin the core and vice versa.

In the drawings which illustrate vention;-

The figure shows an elevation et a fragth'e in? ment of rope constructed according to this dicated in the drai'ving.` By graspinglremote .ing is-prevented. When the coreandl covering arel dealtv with together, any untw'istinvention, one end.` n i i 'leterring more particularly.tothe drawings7 lll designates arcore and l2 a cover-v ing. The core isl preerablyV formed of three the covering being unbraided at."

twisted Strands r13 twisted'together. inI the usual manner, the twist oi each ystrand"being opposite tetlie twist ofthe core itself.' The covering l2 is woven orl braided and consists ofany'suitable number of, strands 14 formed of a suitable niimbei: of threads 15,'. twisted' together. The twist ot .they fibres/in these let similarly to the' core; The coveringlQ braided tightly upon-thepcore in sucha Vthreads-is epposite to thetwist ofthe strand 'y vposite to the twistof the core, as `clearly in'` i portionsof :the covering along and,4- rotatf ving them in the'direction shownbythe arrows, a certai-n.-untwisting` andfelongation `.of the'braided coveringgwi'll occur. As this untwisting movement causes a.tiglitening of thetwist ofthe strands' le it is. very greatly v limited in extent bythe ulti-mateitighteningl .of theloopso'f `thebraidy causing a contrac- `.tion of the, cover upon the core; 'Theun- `twisting action of the coi-.e is clearly shown to bein the opposite direction* `Ifthedirection ot rotation be lreversed. inI the covering,

vthe already tight loops are.-iri'imediately,`

drawnA against one another4 anclanytwistf ing action f-applie'd tothe covering is 'cem- .inunica-ted'ito* the core anda twistingfor tightening -action takes place therein." As

.If 'the` v.core were i ed. this would be immediatelyy'resisted by f 'the covering which resists tighter twisting.. Ittwill thus `be seen `that both the 'covering and the core support one-.anotherpnd eachl resists vthe untwisting Vvaction ofthe: otherl.l

The covering: being woven" 'or braided verv tightly `onf-the core. theregis 'always'suiii-.Ky cient friction between 1the ltwo to prevent any' slipping and consequent failure of the one partto support the other part.The`

various strands of the covering may if de# `aired be composed of a suitable number of iio threads in parallel in place of twisted together.

Another object in forming` woven or braided rope is to secure smoothness and for this purpose cotton is generally employed, although cotton has not the same strength as good hemp libre.

y According to this invention, it is preferred to malte the core of a rope of hemp fibre and the covering,` of woven or braided cotton, thus combining in one rope the strength of the hemp and the smoothness and non-stretching` qualities of the braided rope. This combination of materials is particularly advantageous as the finely ibred cotton covering gets a very firm grip on the coarsely fibred and comparatively rough hemp core, so that in addition to the ordinary friction of the close Contact, there is a definite interengagement of the fibres of the core and coveringV due to proj ecting ends of hemp fibres becoming` interwoven with the covering', with the result that slippage between the two is entirely7 prevented.

In order to `ensure the durability7 of the rope, either thev core or covering),` or both may be impregnated with any suitable preserving or waterproofing compound before, during or after the manufacture of the rope. One method which has been found very satisfactory is vto immerse the finished rope in molten paraiiine for such a length of time as is necessary for 'the air to be driven out of the intersti'ces of the rope and replaced by the molten parafiine. The rope may be then withdrawn in such a manner as to remove all surplus paraine from the surface. A rope so constructed will be entirely waterproof and therefore will not'be subject to rotting from exposure to the weather. The rope will furthermore not be subject to the shrinkage commen to both hemp and cotton ropes when wet, as every fibre of the rope will be individually coated or impregnated with the parafline. Vhile paraiiine has been specifically mentioned, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the use of this particular material, as any other suitable material or conipeund may be used.

Commerciallyv the rope may be made on a machine such as a twelve strand solid'cord machine, such is manufactured by New England Butt Co. of Providence, R. l. Such machine: comprises briefly a revolving dial through the centre of which the core is fed. The carriers are mounted on the dia-l holding' bobbin's. rrlihese bobbins work preferablyy in sets of three with a revolving' vmotion of their own distinct from that of the dial to twist the different plys of yarn. rlhe actual braiding or weaving of the cover is carried out in the well lnown manner of operation of such machines and the helical arrangement is obtained by increasing the speed of revolution of the dial relatively to the speed of the core, so that the cover is braided helieally around the core instead of substantially parallel therewith as is ordinarily done.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim is l. A rope comprising a twisted core and a braided cover having a definite twist in one direction and opposite to the 'twist of the core.

2. A rope comprising a twisted core and `a braided cover having a limited untwisting` movement in one direction, the cover being arranged to positively resist twisting in the untwisting' direction of the core, and 'the core arranged to positively resist twisting;` in the untwisting direction of the cover.

A rope comprising a twisted core and a braided cover having,` limited untwistingg movement in one direction, the core comprising plurality of strands twisted in themselves in one direction and twisted together in the opposite direction and in a direction corresponding to the untwisting,T movement of the cover.

l. A rope comprising a twisted core and a. covering` of braided strands, the strands passing' helically around the core all ina direction opposite to the twist of the core.

5. i rope adapted vto maintain a predetermined length and comprising a twisted core and a braided covering having' a definite untwistingmovement in one direction only, said core and covering having untwisting` movement in opposite directions to support one another in resisting elongation, and an impregnating material protectingV said rope against shrinkage due to absorption of water.

6. A rope comprising a core twisted iu one direction and a braided cover having a definite twist opposite to the twist of the core, the cover strands being arranged to hold the cover against twisting in the untwisting direction of the core and the strands of the cover having' in themselves a twist in the saine direction as the core and co-operati with the core to resist twistingr of the rope in the untwisting:direction of the cover.

ln .vitness whereof, l have hereunto set my hand.`

EDiVABlJMlL'iON ADAMS, JR;

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