US1444547A

US1444547A - Inlet manifold

Info

Publication number: US1444547A
Application number: US425498A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alexander T Kasley
Original assignee: Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: CBS Corp
Priority date: 1920-11-20
Filing date: 1920-11-20
Publication date: 1923-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 1940-02-06

Description

A. T. KASLEY INLET MANIFOLD Filed Nov. 20, 1920 ATTORNEY Patented Feb. t6, 1923.. f

' l'.UNHT STTS pensavi rant carica.

ALEXANDER T. KASLEY, OF ESSINGTON, PENNSLYVANIA, SSIGNOR T0 WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A. CORPORATION F PENN- SYLVANIA. l

INLET MANIFOLD.

. Application filed November. 20, 1920. Serial No. 425,498.

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALEXANDER T. KAS- LEY, a citizen of the United States. and a l resident of Essington, in the county of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Inlet Manifolds, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to internal combus- 'tion engines and it has particular reference to a construction of inlet manifolds to be employed in connection with Diesel engines and it has for an object to provide a new and effective means for supplying air to the inlet ports of internal combustion engines, especially of the character designated.

It is well known that the efficiency of an internal combustion engine, particularlyY of the Diesel type, is increased by thorough scavenging7 and that the new charge of air to be compressed on the return stroke of the piston should be as free asv possible from burned gases of the preceding charge. It frequently happens in the` operation of twocycle engines that the burned gases in the Yengine cylinder are, at the first opening of the air port, under a higher pressure than that of the air in the inlet manifold, a condition which produces a rush of burned gases into the air inlet manifold. These burned gases are mixed with the incoming air and drawn into the cylinder, materially decreasing the power of the succeeding stroke. t

I am enabled, by my invention, to prevent this disadvantageous back flow of burned gases by providing a constant flow of pure air past the inlet ports so that if any burned gases are forcedV into the inlet manifold" during the early opening of the air ports, they are carried away by the air current and hence are prevented from reentering the engine cylinder.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a diagrammaticlsectional view of an engine cylinder equipped with an air inlet arrangement Vconstructed in accordance with my invention and 'Fig'. 2 is a similar view, illustratinganother embodiment of my invention.

In Figure 1 of thedrawing, I show an internal combustion engine.- of the'usual twocycle type, comprisinga cylinder- 10 inwhich a piston 11 is arranged to reciprocate-and provided with a piston-controlled inlet port 12 and exhaust port 13. Theexhaust port 13 open into a chamber 14; from which the burned gases are dischar ed by any suit-l able evacuating device. ejector 15 extends into the is arranged to discharge through a diffuser 16.

An air inlet manifold is provided to supply a constantly moving stream of air past the inlet port 12.- It may be of any conformation suitable to produce the desired flow of air and 'as shown comprises a U- shaped conduit 17 having a down-flow passage 18 and an up-flo'w passage 19. The up-flow passage 19 is contiguous to the engine jacket and is consequently maintained at a higher temperature than the down-flow passage 18, due to heat transmitted from the engine. As a result of this construction, a constant flow of air is produced within the U-shaped conduit in accord with the well known thermo-Siphon principle.

Having thus described the arrangement of a device constructed in accordance with my invention, the operation thereof vis as fols illustrated, an chamber 14 and the exhausted gases ,lowsz Upon the outward 'or power stroke of the piston of an internal combustion engine, it is customary, especially when the engine is running at high speeds, that the air port be opened at a time when the pressure in the cylinder is higher than the pressure of the air inthe inlet manifold. Under these conditions. exhaust gases rush outward-ly through the air port into the inlet manifold. The relation of the inlet manifold to the engine cylinder is such that the heat transmitted from the cylinder to the manifold causes a continuous stream of air to flow past the inlet port and to carry away any burned gases that may escape through the inlet port. This mode of operation insures that, when the pressure within the cylinder has been reduced below atmospheric pressure by the suction scavenging means, only pure air is drawn into the engine cylinder.

Referring to Figure 2, 20 indicates a cylinder of an internal combustion engine in which a piston 21 is adapted to reciprocate. The cylinder 20 is provided with an air inlet port 22 and with an exhaust port 23, the latter communicating with an exhaust chamber 24.' The burned gases are discharged los by any suitable evacuating device and, asy

shown inthe drawing, an ejector 25 is extended into the chamber 24 and is arranged to discharge the exhaust gases through a wardly past the inlet port. The manifold 27.

extends upwardly and communicates with a horizontally incllned conduit 28, which may be semicircular to conform to the contour of the engine jacket and,'if, desired,may be arranged in close contact therewith. The upper end of the conduit 28 opens into a chamber 29 which surrounds the diffuser 26 of the exhaust mechanism of the engine. This arrangement permits heat from the engine jacket and from the exhaust gases to be communicated to the air within the co-nduit 28 and the chamber 29 and, as a result, a. current of air flowing upwardly through the manifold` 27, the conduit 28 and the chamber 29 is produced. The chamber 29 communicates with the atmosphe-re through the annular opening 30 formed between the walls of the diffuser 26 and those of the chamber 29. The respective walls may be so positioned with relation to each other that the discharge of the exhaust gases through. the diffuser 26 produces an ejector action upon the air in the'chamber 29, thus increasing the flow of air through the manifold 27.

The operation of the device disclosed in Figure 2 is similar to that described above with relation to apparatusl of Figure l. As has been already pointed out in the above description of Figure 2, when the engine is in operation, air is continuously drawn through the manifold 27 due to the heating` of the air in the conduit 28 and in the cham'- ber 29, and an added current of air may be induced through the manifold b-y associat-.

ing the exhaust of the burnedfgases with the discharge of air from the chamber 29 so as to produce an ejector action. It is obvious that under certain conditions, it may not be necessary or desirable to utilize all three of the means above recited for producing a current of air past the air inlet port. It may be, under certain conditions of operation, that any one or the combination of' any two of the current producing means will provide an amp-le current of air past thc air ports. In cases, however,where the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere is relatively high, as in engine rooms of marine power plants, it may be desirable to utilize all .of these means, viz; the heat of the engine jacket, and kinetic and heat energy of the exhaust gases for maintaining a suitable current through the air passages.

It is app-arent that other means than those described herein for carrying a circulation of air past the air inlet ports may be employed standard engine without material inodfica l tion of the engine structure.

.My improved construction is also capable of use with other ty es of engines than that illustrated. Interna combustion engines of various types, including those in which mechanically-operated valves are employed, may be equipped with my' improved air inlet mechanism with equally beneficial results.

While I .have shown my invention in two forms, it will be obvious to those skilled in Y the art. that it is not so limited, but issusceptible of various other changes and modifications without de arting fromv the spirit thereof, and I desire therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are imposed by the prior art or as are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

VVhatI claim is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an inlet port, and thermo- Siphon means for maintaining a current of air past the inlet port, whereby gases eX- hausted through said inlet port are carried (aiway and are not drawn back into the cyliner. l

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an air inlet port, and means for utilizing heat generated in the engine for maintaining a currentof air past the inlet port, whereby gases exhausted through said inlet port are carried away and are not drawn back into the cylinder.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an air inlet port, a conduit supplying air to said port and means for utilizing the waste heat of the engine for maintaining a current of air past the inlet port whereby gases exhausted through saidinlet port are carried away and are not drawn back into the cylinder. v

4. The combination with an .internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an air inlet port, of an inlet manifold comprising an up-fiow passage into which the air port opens, and means for maintaining a current of air through the up-liow passage and past the air inlet port for the purposes set forth.

5. The lcombination with an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an inlet p ort, of an inlet manifold into which the air port opens, means for utilizing a part of i the heat energy of the engine for maintain- 6. The combination with an internalcombustion engine, a cylinder having an air inlet port, of an inlet manifold comprising an Vup-iow passage into which the air port port, a manifold for carrying away the.

burned gases from the exhaust port, and means for utilizing the heat of the exhaust gases within the exhaust manifold for maintaining a current of air through the inlet manifold and past the air inlet port.

l8. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an air inlet port and an exhaust gas port, of a manifold comprising a conduit into which the air port opens, a manifold for carrying away the burned gases from the exhaust port, and means for utilizing the heat of the exhaust gases within the exhaust manifold for maintaining a current of air through the conduit and past the air inlet port.

9. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an air inlet port and an exhaust gas port, ofv

a manifold comprising a conduit into which the air port opens, a manifold for carrying away the burned gases from the exhaust port, a chamber surrounding at least a portion of the exhaust manifold and in communication with the conduit, the chamber and the conduit being so arranged that a current of air is maintained in the conduit and past the air inlet port for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination with an internal cornbustion engine comprising a cylinder, having an air inlet port and an exhaust gas port, of a manifold for supplying air to the inlet port, a manifold for carrying away the burned gases from the exhaust port, and means for utilizing the kinetic energy of the gases in the exhaust manifold for maintaining a current of air through the inlet manifold and past the air inlet ports.

11. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder havin an air inlet port and an exhaust gas port, o a manifold comprising a conduit into which the air port opens, a manifold for carrying away the burned gases from the exhaust port, a chamber surrounding at least a portion of the exhaust manifold, the chamber being in communication with the conduit, the exhaust manifold and chamber being so arranged that the gases discharged from the exhaust manifold produce an ej ecting action upon the air within the chamber and thus create a current of air through the conduit and pastl the air inlet port for the purpose set forth.

12. The combination-with an internal conibustion engine comprising a cylinder having an air inlet port and an exhaust gas port, of a manifold for supplying air to the inlet port, a manifold for carrying away the burned gases from the exhaust port, and means for utilizing both the kinetic energy and the heat of the exhaust gases within the exhaust manifold for maintaining a current of air through the inlet manifold and past the air inlet port.

13. The combination with an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having an air inlet port and an exhaust gas port, of a manifold comprising a conduit into which the air port opens, a manifold for carrying away the burned gases from the exhaust port, a chamber surrounding at least a portion of the exhaust manifold, the chamber being in communication'with the conduit, a portion of the conduit between the inlet manifold and the/chamberl lying contiguous to engine cylinder, the chamber and the conduit being so arranged that some of the kinetic and heat energy of the exhaust gases and the heat energy of the engine cylinder may be utilized for maintaining a current of air through the conduit and past the air inlet ort. p In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 17th day of November, 1920.

ALEXANDER T. KASLEY.