US1440993A

US1440993A - Drawing apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1440993A
Application number: US426355A
Authority: US
Inventors: Louis B Hasbrouck; Henry E Van Ness
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-11-26
Filing date: 1920-11-26
Publication date: 1923-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 1940-01-02

Description

l.. B. HASBROUCK ET AL.. DRAwl NG APPARATUS Fl LED Nov. 26. 1920,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 By @www Patented dan. 2, 1923.

D ISTATES- LUIS B. HASBROUCK AND4 HENRY E. VAN NESS, 0F ELMIRA, NEW YORK.

:DRAWING- Arrami'rns.

Application filed November 26, 1920. Serial No. 426,355.

' described and represented in the vfollowing specication and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to apparatus for making mechanical and architectural draw- 1n s. l glu object of the invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive apparatus by means of which lines may be drawn quickly, easily and accurately in all directions atmeasured angles and measured distances. .The apparatus thus takes the place of an ordinary drawing board, a T-square, triangles, protractors and scales.

1n accordance with the invention a circular drawing board is mounted in the frame by a bearing near the edge of the board which is arranged to prevent relative lateral movement of the board and frame and so retain the board centered in the frame, while.

permitting free rotative movement of the board in the frame. 0n the frame are mounted two scales, one of which is free to move transversely across the drawing board while being retained always at a iXed angle to the other scale.

A further feature of the invention consists in providing a carriage for the transverselyv movable scale which may be adjusted so as to i'it the frame regardless of external eXpansion or shrinkage of the frame.

@ther features and advantages of the invention will be pointed out in connection with a detailed description of the apparatus embodying the invention which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a. plan view of a complete apparatus;

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the apparatus taken upon the line 2 2 'of Fig. 1 and the line 2 2 ,of Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a bottom View of the circular drawing board;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary horizontal section showing the brake;

Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the carriage taken upon the line 5 5 of 1; and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the carriage taken upon theline 6 6 of Fig. .1.

The frame 1 may conveniently be made of four pieces of Wood mortised and joined at the corners of the frame as shown in Fig. 1. The inner edge of the frame is circular and comprises-an upper cylindrical portion 2, a horizontal ledge 3A and a lower cylindrical portion 4. At the lower edge of the portion 4 is an annular groove 5. The surface of the upper side and frame 1 Yis slightly bevelled olf around its inner edge at 6. The edge of the circular drawing board 10 has upper and lower cylindrical portions 11 and 13 between which is a horizontal portion 12. The cylindrical portions 11, 13 of the edge of the board 10 do not contact with .the portions 2 and l of the edge of the frame. In the horizontal ledge 3 of the frame and the horizontal portion 12 of the board are opposite annular grooves or races in which are a series of balls 15 forming a ball bearing. The grooves or races are made deep. Most desirably they are made as deep as possible wit-hout bringing the horizontal surfaces 3 and 12 into actual contact, that is to say.y they are each nearly semi-circular in cross section. Owing to the deepness of the grooves, the engagement of the balls 15 with the sides of the grooves prevents relative lateral movement between the frame 1 and the board 10, so that while the board may be freely rotated in the frame, it is retained centered with respect to the frame. When the board is supported in the frame by the balls 15, its upper surface lies in the plane of the lower edge of the bevel 6 upon the frame. After the balls and the board have been placed in position within 'the frame, metal tabs 16 are screwed to the under surface of the drawing board. The ends of these tabs engage the upper surface of the groove 5 in the frame and so prevent the removal of the drawing board from the frame. The outer ends of the tabs are slightly less in thickness than the groove 5, so that the tabs do not contact with the table or other surface on whichthe frame 1 is placed.

The circular drawing boa-rd 10 consists of two pieces. A thin upper piece 17 which provides the drawing surface is set into a lower piece 18 of greater thickness than the piece 17. The pieces 17 and 18 are joined by gluing. The piece 18 may contain a series of slots or cuts 19 (Fig. 3) to prevent warping of the board. The'cuts 19 may conveniently be made by a scroll saw which may be inserted through holes 20 previously bored in the piece 18.

5 A brake is provided to retain the circular drawing board in any desired angular relationV to the frame. The brake consists of a plunger 21 mounted in a bushing 22 in the frame 1 an-d extending across an aperture 23 in the frame opening at the under side of the frame.- The plunger 21 is provided at its inner end with a friction piece 24 of fiber or other suitable material. ln the plun er 21 is inserted a transverse pin 25 whic 1 projects upwardlyA from the plunger. A spiral spring 26 reacting between the pin 25 and the inner surface of the aperture 23 tends to push the plunger inwardly so that its friction member 24 engages the edge of the circular drawing board 10. Above the plunger 21 a piece of sheet metal 27 (a phantom view of which is shown in Figa-4) is attached to the upper surface of the frame 1; The sheet 27 contains an aperture 28 extending longitudinally of the plunger 21 and having an offset portion extending transversely of the plunger. The pin 25 extends upwardly through the aperture 28 and is surmounted by a button or handle 29. By moving the button 29 outwardly and then slightly to the side so that the pin 25 engages the 'Oifset portion of the aperture 28, the end of the plunger 21 may be retained out of enagement with the drawing board 10. Vhen the pin 25 is released the spring 26 urges the friction piece 24 of the plunger against the edge of the board and thus restrains the board against rotary movement relative to the frame. The side vthrust between the boardand the frame which is produced by the spring is borne by the engagement between the balls 15 and the sides of the grooves inV which they are located, so that this thrust does not move the board laterally with respect to the frame or change its centering.

'lhe outer edge of the upper surface of the drawing board 10 is provided'with an angular scale 55. 1n order to insure the greatest possible accuracy inthe angular setting of theboard relative to the frame, a vernier scale 56 may be provided on the frame.

In a groove 30 extending across the frame 1 near one of its outer edges 31, and parallel to the edge 31 is seated a scale 32 which is capable of a longitudinal movement in the groove.

The transversely movable carriage 35 is mounted across the 'frame 1. The carriage 35 comprises a longitudinal member 36 eX- v tendin completely across the frame 1 and beyon its outer edges, and two

transverse pieces

37, 38. Each of the transverse pieces project slightly beyond its inner surface and are adapted to roll upon the parallel opposite

outer edges

31, 33 of the frame 1. The

transverse plece 37 is rigidly attached to the longitudinal member 35 by screws 40 which pass through the transverse piece 37, the longitudinal member 36, c and have a threaded engagement with apiece of sheet metal 41 lying upon the upperside of the longitudinal member 36. A third screw 42 passes through the transverse piece 37 and through a guide piece 43 and has a threaded engagement with the piece 41.

The transverse piece 38 is attached to the longitudinal member 36 in such away that its distance from the piece 37 maybe varied to compensate for swelling or shrinking of the frame 1. The screw 44 passes through the transverse piece 38, the guide piece 45 and is in threaded engagement with the piece of sheet metal 46. The screws 47 pass through the transverse piece 38 landA have a threaded engagement withgthe metal piece 46. rlhese screws pass through elongated apertures 48 (Fig. 6) in the longitudinal member 36. A screw 49 passes through a horizontal hole in the transverse member 38 and has a threaded engagement with aY metal projection 50 extending downwardly from the longitudinal member 36. By turning the screw 49, the transverse p1ece'j38 with the guide piece 45 and the metal-piece 46 may be drawn toward the extension 50 which is rigidly attached to the longitudinal member 36. In order to make the rollers of the

transverse pieces

37, 38 engage the edges of the frame 1, therefore, it is merely necessaryto tighten the screw 49 in dry weather and loosen the screw in damp weather.

A scale 50 is slidab-ly mounted in the carriage 35 by being inserted in the apertures 51 (Fig. 5) provided between the longitudinal member 36 and the

guide members

43, 45 and the

transverse members

37, 38, and the metal pieces 41, 46 (Fig. 5). The longitudinal member 36 of the carriage 35, and the scale 50 rests upon the upper surface of the frame 1, and because of the bevel of the frame at 6 they are spaced from the upper surface of the drawing board 10 near its outer edge and do not come into contact with the central part of the board or the paper attached to it, unlesspressed` downwardl The clearance thus provided has two advantages. It permits theheads of thumb tacks by which paper may be attached to the drawing board to pass under the carriage 35 and the scale 50. Furthermore, it prevents a smudging or blotting of the lines drawn upon paper attached to the board 10 in case the carriage and scale are passed over the lines. At the same time the edge ofthe scale 50 is sufficiently close to the paper rate ruling and may if desired be pressed down against lthe paper.

1n using the apparatus described, drawing paper is attached to the upper surface of the drawing board 10 by means of thumb tacks in the usual manner. Lines are then drawn upon the paper using the edge of the scale as a ruler. n order to'draw a line at any desired angle. from a line already drawn, it is merely necessary to set the board and the carriage in such aI positionthat the lines lies along the ed e of the scale 50. The plunger 21 is then pu led back and the board l0 is rotated through the angle desired as indicated by the scales and 56. The plunger 21 is then released so that the board is held fixed and any number of lines at the. desired angle to the first line may be drawn by moving the carriage across the board and using the edge of the scale 5() as a ruler. The length of these lines may be measured by the scale 50 and their distance apart by readings of the scale 32. The fact that each of the scales is slidable longitudinally facilitates the readings by permitting the setting of a mark upon either scale against the position from which the reading is to be taken.

Many modifications may be made in the embodiment described without departing from my invention, and separate 'features of the invention may advantageously be used independently, but when all the features of the invention are used in combination they all cooperate to provide a simple unitary apparatus for facilitating the making of measured drawings.

What is claimed is:

1. Drawing apparatus, comprising an open frame having a circular inner edge and a horizontal ledge extending around said inne-r edge, a circular drawing board in said frame, and a ball bearing between said ledge and said drawing board serving as the sole support for said drawing board and serving to center said drawing board in said frame.

2. Drawing apparatus, comprising an open frame having al circular inner edge and a horizontal ledge extending around said inner edge, a circular drawing board in said frame, a ball bearing between the upper side of said ledge and the drawing board, and project-ions from said drawing board extending below the lower surface of said horizontal ledge and serving to'prevent removing the drawing board from the frame.

3. Drawing apparatus, comprising a frame, a circular drawing board in said frame, a brake upon said frame adapted to engage said board, a. spring tendino to urge said brake toward said boa-rd, said frame and board having opposite annular grooves having a portion of their sides substantially.

vertical and balls in said grooves adapted by engagement with the sides of said grooves to prevent lateral movement of the board relative to the frame under the thrust produced by said spring.

ln testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LOUXS B. l-AS-B'ROCK.V HENRY E. VAN NESS.

Witnesses:

S. C. HUNT, F. S. PALMITER.