US1440109A - Armored container - Google Patents

Armored container Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1440109A
US1440109A US378478A US37847820A US1440109A US 1440109 A US1440109 A US 1440109A US 378478 A US378478 A US 378478A US 37847820 A US37847820 A US 37847820A US 1440109 A US1440109 A US 1440109A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
shell
container
composition
expansion
cast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US378478A
Inventor
Pierce D Schenck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flowserve Corp
Original Assignee
Duriron Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Duriron Co Inc filed Critical Duriron Co Inc
Priority to US378478A priority Critical patent/US1440109A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1440109A publication Critical patent/US1440109A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
    • B01J3/048—Multiwall, strip or filament wound vessels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to containers designed to resist extreme pressures and at the same time resist the action of acid or alkaline mixtures treated in the containers.
  • Such containers find their largest use in the manufacture of dyes, in which art they are known as autoclaves but it will'be understood that the invention is not restricted to this particular art and is of utility in any relation in which a container for resisting pressure and subject to corrosion from the contents is required.
  • the invention has for its principal objects: the provision of'a container of the character specified having an inner shell of acid or alkali resisting material and an outer shall of high tensile strength having compositions of such character that the co-eflicients of expansion are substantially the same so that the two shells act as a unit under widely varying temperature conditions; the provision of a container comprising an inner shell and an outer shell so constructed that there is no tendency of the outer shell either to crush the inner shell or to pull away from such shell under varying temperature conditions; and in general, the provision of a container which can be manufactured at a reasonable cost and which combines a large factor of safety with a maximum degree of durability incident to the use of the most desirable acid and alkali resisting material available for the lining of the device.
  • One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein;
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a container constructed in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section through the container at the joint between the body thereof and the top or cover.
  • the invention in its broad form contemplates a container comprising an inner and an outer shell of different compositions, the inner shell being formed of an acid resisting material, which material is ordinarily of relatively low tensile strength,
  • compositions being so adjusted that the inner and outer shells have the same coefficients of expansion. This latter condition is necessary to prevent the two shells from separating under varying conditions of temperature and to prevent the crushing of the inner shell by the relatively stronger outer shell as would occur if the coefficient of expansion of the outer shell were greater than that of the inner shell.
  • the inner shell is preferably made of a silicon-iron composition having high acid resisting qualities although of relatively low tensile strength and somewhat brittle, while the outer shell is composed of a copper-aluminum composition or alloy with the percentages of aluminum and coppe so adjusted that this outer shell has a coefficient of expansion the same as that of the inner shell.
  • the reference numerals 1 and 2 indicate the inner shell or lining of the container, 1 being the lining of the body portion and 2 the lining of the cover, while'3 and 4 indicate the outer or supporting shell, 3 being the body portion of such shell and 4the cover portion.
  • the inner shell is preferably composed of iron containing about 14 per cent of silicon, such iron having the trade name of duriron. This material is very resistant to the action of corrosive liquids of either alkaline or acid character but is of relatively low tensile strength and brittle so that alone it is not suitable for resisting the high pressures to which an autoclave or other similar container is exposed.
  • the outer shell is preferablyof a bronze or copper composition, the particu-' lar composition preferred containing 87 per cent of copper and 13 per cent of aluminum.
  • This composition has the same coeflicient of expansion as the duriron so that underwidely varying conditions of temperature there is no separation of the two shells and, no strain tending to crush the inner shell is imposed by the outer shell.
  • the two shells are made practically a unit by casting the bronze shell in position around the duriron shell after preheating the latter. This is the more practical method although it is possible by proper relative preheating to reverse the operation and cast the duriron shell inside the bronze shell.
  • Thecover may be secured to the body portion of the container in various ways but this is preferably accomplished by slottedflanges formed upon the body portion and cover of the outer shell and clamped together by means of the bolts 5.
  • the cover of the device may be provided with any of the various accessories known in the art, the drawing however illustrating only the inlet 6 and the opening for the thermostat tube 7.
  • the passage 6 is closed by means of the cap illustrated and comprising the bronze outer member 8 provided with the lining 9 of duriron, such cap being held in position by the bolts 10.
  • the lugs 17 may be provided upon the inner shell.
  • a groove 11 is provided in which is placed a lead gasket.
  • the thermostat tube 7 is preferably of duriron and has a flange 12 held in position by means of the bolts 13.
  • a groove l is also provided here for the reception of a lead gasket in order to seal the joint.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the preferred means of securing a tight joint between the body portion and cover of the autoclave.
  • the annular recess 15 is provided for the reception of the lead gasket 16.
  • This lead gasket is preferably circular in cross section, but is crushed into the section illustrated at 16 when the cover is clamped into position by means of the bolts 5. This gives a very tight secure joint which protects the material of the outer shell from the action of the contents of the container.
  • various forms of gasketsv might be employed both at the juncture between the cover and body portion of the container and between the other closures used upon the cover of the container.
  • the construction provides for ahigh resistance to rupture incident to pressure as the outer shell is made of a composition having great tensile strength and of a high degree of toughness and that long life is insured by the resistance against corrosion incident to the silicon-iron lining.
  • This lining can be made of any desired thickness so that there is no danger of its cracking or peeling off such as is the case where enamels or other relatively thin coatings are.
  • compositions of the two shells as stated are not limited to the proportions or combinations of elements stated, the. invention in its broad form contemplating the use of two shells having substantially the same coefficients of expansion and with the inner one of corrosion-resisting material and the outer one of a material having a higher degree of tensile strength than the inner one so as to provide the necessary resistance to rupture.
  • the alloys or compositions speci fied as heretofore are regarded as the best for the purpose and at the same time are of reasonable cost, but other compounds or alloys might be employed if desired.
  • a container comprising an inner cast shell of a composition having high acid resisting properties and an outer supporting shell cast thereon and consisting of a material having greater tensile strength than the composition of the inner shell buhhaving substantially the same coeflicient of expansion.
  • a container comprising an inner cast shell of corrosion resisting material, and an outer supporting shell of a material having a coefficient of expansion substantially the same as that of the material of the inner shell but more tough and having greater tensile strength.
  • a container comprising an inner cast shell of silicon-iron composition and an outer shell of copper composition having substantially the same coeificient of expansion as the silicon-iron composition.
  • a container comprising an inner cast shell of iron composition containing approximately 14 per cent of silicon and an outer shell of a copper composition containing approximately 87 per cent of copper and having substantially the same coefficient of expansion as the composition of the inner shell.
  • a container comprising an inner cast shell of silicon-iron composition and an outer cast shell of copper-aluminum composition having substantially the same coefficient of expansion as the silicon-iron composition.
  • a container comprising an inner cast shell of iron composition containing approximately 14 per cent of silicon and an outer shell of a copper composition having substantially the same coeificient of expan- S1011.
  • a container comprising an inner cast shell of iron composition containing approximately 14 per cent of silicon and an outer cast shell of a composition comprising approximately 87 per cent of copper and 13 per cent of aluminum and having substantially the same coefficient of expansion as the composition of the inner shell.
  • a container having a body portion comprising an inner shell and an outer shell, and a cover comprising an inner shell and an outer shell, With an annular recess between the opposing edges of the inner shell of the body portion and the inner shell of the cover, means for clamping the cover to the body portion and a metal gasket in said annular recess, the inner shell being of acid resisting material and the outer shell of a material having a greater tensile strength than that of the inner shell.
  • a container comprising an inner cast shell having high acid resisting qualities and an outer cast supporting shell of a material having greater tensile strength than 1 the composition of the inner shell but hav-' ingsubstantially the same coeflioient of expansion, one of said shells being provided with holding lugs lying in the cast metal of the other shell.

Description

INVENTOR P. D. SCHENCK.
ARMORED CONTAINER.
FILED MAY3|1920.
Dec. 26, 1922.
lgz
Patented Dec. 26, 1922.
PIERCE D. SCHENCK, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO DURIRON COMPANY INC., A
CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.
ARMORED CONTAINER.
Application filed May 3, 1920. Serial No. 378,478.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, PIERCE D. ScHnNoK, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have made a new and useful Invention in Armored Containers, of which the following is a specification.
The invention relates to containers designed to resist extreme pressures and at the same time resist the action of acid or alkaline mixtures treated in the containers. Such containers find their largest use in the manufacture of dyes, in which art they are known as autoclaves but it will'be understood that the invention is not restricted to this particular art and is of utility in any relation in which a container for resisting pressure and subject to corrosion from the contents is required. The invention has for its principal objects: the provision of'a container of the character specified having an inner shell of acid or alkali resisting material and an outer shall of high tensile strength having compositions of such character that the co-eflicients of expansion are substantially the same so that the two shells act as a unit under widely varying temperature conditions; the provision of a container comprising an inner shell and an outer shell so constructed that there is no tendency of the outer shell either to crush the inner shell or to pull away from such shell under varying temperature conditions; and in general, the provision of a container which can be manufactured at a reasonable cost and which combines a large factor of safety with a maximum degree of durability incident to the use of the most desirable acid and alkali resisting material available for the lining of the device. One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein;
Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a container constructed in accordance with the invention, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section through the container at the joint between the body thereof and the top or cover.
Briefly stated, the invention in its broad form contemplates a container comprising an inner and an outer shell of different compositions, the inner shell being formed of an acid resisting material, which material is ordinarily of relatively low tensile strength,
and the outer shell of material having a relatively high tensile strength, the compositions being so adjusted that the inner and outer shells have the same coefficients of expansion. This latter condition is necessary to prevent the two shells from separating under varying conditions of temperature and to prevent the crushing of the inner shell by the relatively stronger outer shell as would occur if the coefficient of expansion of the outer shell were greater than that of the inner shell.
The inner shell is preferably made of a silicon-iron composition having high acid resisting qualities although of relatively low tensile strength and somewhat brittle, while the outer shell is composed of a copper-aluminum composition or alloy with the percentages of aluminum and coppe so adjusted that this outer shell has a coefficient of expansion the same as that of the inner shell.
Referring to the drawings, the reference numerals 1 and 2 indicate the inner shell or lining of the container, 1 being the lining of the body portion and 2 the lining of the cover, while'3 and 4 indicate the outer or supporting shell, 3 being the body portion of such shell and 4the cover portion. The inner shell is preferably composed of iron containing about 14 per cent of silicon, such iron having the trade name of duriron. This material is very resistant to the action of corrosive liquids of either alkaline or acid character but is of relatively low tensile strength and brittle so that alone it is not suitable for resisting the high pressures to which an autoclave or other similar container is exposed. The outer shell is preferablyof a bronze or copper composition, the particu-' lar composition preferred containing 87 per cent of copper and 13 per cent of aluminum. This composition has the same coeflicient of expansion as the duriron so that underwidely varying conditions of temperature there is no separation of the two shells and, no strain tending to crush the inner shell is imposed by the outer shell. The two shells are made practically a unit by casting the bronze shell in position around the duriron shell after preheating the latter. This is the more practical method although it is possible by proper relative preheating to reverse the operation and cast the duriron shell inside the bronze shell.
Thecover may be secured to the body portion of the container in various ways but this is preferably accomplished by slottedflanges formed upon the body portion and cover of the outer shell and clamped together by means of the bolts 5. The cover of the device may be provided with any of the various accessories known in the art, the drawing however illustrating only the inlet 6 and the opening for the thermostat tube 7. The passage 6 is closed by means of the cap illustrated and comprising the bronze outer member 8 provided with the lining 9 of duriron, such cap being held in position by the bolts 10. I order to give greater security between the two shells the lugs 17 may be provided upon the inner shell. When it is desired to admit a liquid to the container the cap is removed and a flanged inlet connection secured in place by means of the bolts 10. In order to give a tight joint, a groove 11 is provided in which is placed a lead gasket.
The thermostat tube 7 is preferably of duriron and has a flange 12 held in position by means of the bolts 13. A groove l is also provided here for the reception of a lead gasket in order to seal the joint.
Fig. 2 illustrates the preferred means of securing a tight joint between the body portion and cover of the autoclave. As here illustrated, the annular recess 15 is provided for the reception of the lead gasket 16. This lead gasket is preferably circular in cross section, but is crushed into the section illustrated at 16 when the cover is clamped into position by means of the bolts 5. This gives a very tight secure joint which protects the material of the outer shell from the action of the contents of the container. It will be understood that various forms of gasketsv might be employed both at the juncture between the cover and body portion of the container and between the other closures used upon the cover of the container. It will be seen from the foregoing that'the construction provides for ahigh resistance to rupture incident to pressure as the outer shell is made of a composition having great tensile strength and of a high degree of toughness and that long life is insured by the resistance against corrosion incident to the silicon-iron lining. This lining can be made of any desired thickness so that there is no danger of its cracking or peeling off such as is the case where enamels or other relatively thin coatings are.
the compositions of the two shells as stated are not limited to the proportions or combinations of elements stated, the. invention in its broad form contemplating the use of two shells having substantially the same coefficients of expansion and with the inner one of corrosion-resisting material and the outer one of a material having a higher degree of tensile strength than the inner one so as to provide the necessary resistance to rupture. The alloys or compositions speci fied as heretofore are regarded as the best for the purpose and at the same time are of reasonable cost, but other compounds or alloys might be employed if desired.
l/V hat I claim is:
1. A container comprising an inner cast shell of a composition having high acid resisting properties and an outer supporting shell cast thereon and consisting of a material having greater tensile strength than the composition of the inner shell buhhaving substantially the same coeflicient of expansion.
2. A container comprising an inner cast shell of corrosion resisting material, and an outer supporting shell of a material having a coefficient of expansion substantially the same as that of the material of the inner shell but more tough and having greater tensile strength.
3. A container comprising an inner cast shell of silicon-iron composition and an outer shell of copper composition having substantially the same coeificient of expansion as the silicon-iron composition.
4. A container comprising an inner cast shell of iron composition containing approximately 14 per cent of silicon and an outer shell of a copper composition containing approximately 87 per cent of copper and having substantially the same coefficient of expansion as the composition of the inner shell.
5. A container comprising an inner cast shell of silicon-iron composition and an outer cast shell of copper-aluminum composition having substantially the same coefficient of expansion as the silicon-iron composition.
6. A container comprising an inner cast shell of iron composition containing approximately 14 per cent of silicon and an outer shell of a copper composition having substantially the same coeificient of expan- S1011.
7. A container comprising an inner cast shell of iron composition containing approximately 14 per cent of silicon and an outer cast shell of a composition comprising approximately 87 per cent of copper and 13 per cent of aluminum and having substantially the same coefficient of expansion as the composition of the inner shell.
8. A container having a body portion comprising an inner shell and an outer shell, and a cover comprising an inner shell and an outer shell, With an annular recess between the opposing edges of the inner shell of the body portion and the inner shell of the cover, means for clamping the cover to the body portion and a metal gasket in said annular recess, the inner shell being of acid resisting material and the outer shell of a material having a greater tensile strength than that of the inner shell.
9. A container comprising an inner cast shell having high acid resisting qualities and an outer cast supporting shell of a material having greater tensile strength than 1 the composition of the inner shell but hav-' ingsubstantially the same coeflioient of expansion, one of said shells being provided with holding lugs lying in the cast metal of the other shell. 2 In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 26th day of April,
PIERCE D. SCHENCK.
US378478A 1920-05-03 1920-05-03 Armored container Expired - Lifetime US1440109A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US378478A US1440109A (en) 1920-05-03 1920-05-03 Armored container

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US378478A US1440109A (en) 1920-05-03 1920-05-03 Armored container

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1440109A true US1440109A (en) 1922-12-26

Family

ID=23493275

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US378478A Expired - Lifetime US1440109A (en) 1920-05-03 1920-05-03 Armored container

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US1440109A (en)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2487705A (en) * 1944-10-25 1949-11-08 Harold E Handley Water heater
US2592419A (en) * 1948-01-20 1952-04-08 Sun Oil Co Lead lined vessel
US3080063A (en) * 1959-07-15 1963-03-05 Ametek Inc Filter
US3130015A (en) * 1958-10-31 1964-04-21 Mid Century Corp High pressure reactor
US4287821A (en) * 1978-09-28 1981-09-08 Kagome, Ltd. Aseptic storage tank
US4559207A (en) * 1971-10-27 1985-12-17 Metallgesellschaft Ag Reactor for producing methanol and process
US4640031A (en) * 1982-11-12 1987-02-03 N.V. W.A. Hoek's Machine Gas cylinder identification device
US4751058A (en) * 1985-01-28 1988-06-14 Fuchs Jr Francis J Temperature compensated pressure vessel
US5028396A (en) * 1982-06-11 1991-07-02 Chemetics International Company, Ltd. Apparatus formed of high silicon chromium/nickel in steel in the manufacture of sulpheric acid
US5346090A (en) * 1991-02-28 1994-09-13 Anshal, Inc. Apparatus for refining diamonds
US5582799A (en) * 1990-06-21 1996-12-10 Pfaudler, Inc. Closure for clean chemical reactor
WO1997018418A1 (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-05-22 Southcorp Australia Pty. Ltd. Water heater tank end seals and fittings
US6030587A (en) * 1998-05-11 2000-02-29 Haroldsen; Brent Lowell Method and apparatus for waste destruction using supercritical water oxidation
US20110024431A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2011-02-03 Kyocera Corporation Pressure Container, and Buoyant Body and Exploratory Apparatus Provided Therewith

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2487705A (en) * 1944-10-25 1949-11-08 Harold E Handley Water heater
US2592419A (en) * 1948-01-20 1952-04-08 Sun Oil Co Lead lined vessel
US3130015A (en) * 1958-10-31 1964-04-21 Mid Century Corp High pressure reactor
US3080063A (en) * 1959-07-15 1963-03-05 Ametek Inc Filter
US4559207A (en) * 1971-10-27 1985-12-17 Metallgesellschaft Ag Reactor for producing methanol and process
US4287821A (en) * 1978-09-28 1981-09-08 Kagome, Ltd. Aseptic storage tank
US5028396A (en) * 1982-06-11 1991-07-02 Chemetics International Company, Ltd. Apparatus formed of high silicon chromium/nickel in steel in the manufacture of sulpheric acid
US4640031A (en) * 1982-11-12 1987-02-03 N.V. W.A. Hoek's Machine Gas cylinder identification device
US4751058A (en) * 1985-01-28 1988-06-14 Fuchs Jr Francis J Temperature compensated pressure vessel
US5582799A (en) * 1990-06-21 1996-12-10 Pfaudler, Inc. Closure for clean chemical reactor
US5346090A (en) * 1991-02-28 1994-09-13 Anshal, Inc. Apparatus for refining diamonds
WO1997018418A1 (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-05-22 Southcorp Australia Pty. Ltd. Water heater tank end seals and fittings
US6030587A (en) * 1998-05-11 2000-02-29 Haroldsen; Brent Lowell Method and apparatus for waste destruction using supercritical water oxidation
US20110024431A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2011-02-03 Kyocera Corporation Pressure Container, and Buoyant Body and Exploratory Apparatus Provided Therewith

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US1440109A (en) Armored container
US2059893A (en) Manufacture of articles from steel alloys
US2393964A (en) Storage vessel
US2696433A (en) Production of high nitrogen manganese alloy
US2122535A (en) Duplex metal article
US1870732A (en) Anticorrosive aluminium light alloy
GB787504A (en) Improvements in or relating to the synthesis of urea
US2042426A (en) Apparatus for use at low temperatures
CN205663958U (en) Combined type is high pressure ball valve for oxygen
US3311470A (en) Ductile corrosion-resistant alloy
JPH074517B2 (en) High pressure autoclave with double shell
US3410447A (en) Pressure vessel closures
US3269423A (en) Lining structure
US1976803A (en) Copper alloy
US1626248A (en) Alloy
GB613244A (en) Improvements relating to anode assemblies used in nickel plating and to nickel plating processes
GB618607A (en) Improvements in or relating to the production of corrosion resistant coatings on poppet valves for internal-combustion engines
US3093476A (en) Nickel-chromium alloys
JPS6122019B2 (en)
US3326407A (en) Thin-walled pressure vessel
GB145732A (en) Acid resisting receptacles such as boilers, pipes and the like
Jackson et al. Crevice corrosion of titanium
US1199200A (en) Alloy.
Fridlyander Sintered, Corrosion Resistant Aluminum Alloy With Improved Thermal-Mechanical Properties
Campbell The compromise between mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in copper and aluminium alloys for marine applications