US1438677A - Iron mold for casting rolls for rolling mills - Google Patents

Description

T. WEYMERSKIRCH. IRON MOLD FOR CASTING ROLLS FOR ROLLING MILLS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.26, 192i.

Patented Dec. 12, 1922.

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)hren/or APPLICATION FILED AUG.26. 192|.

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T. WEYMEBSKIRCH. IRON MOLD FOR CASTING ROLLS FOR ROLLING MILLS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.26. 1921.

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IRON MOLD FOR CASTING ROLLS VFORv ROLLING MILLS. APPLlcAnoN mso Au's.z6.19z|.

1,438,677, Patented Dec. 12, 1922.`

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T. WEYMEHSKIRCH. IRON MOLD FoR cAsnNGRoLLs Foa ROLLING MILLS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.'26. 1921.

fforney T'. WEYMERSKIRCH. IRON MOLD FOR CASTING ROLLS FOR ROLLING MILLS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.26. 192|.

Patented Dec. 12, 1922.-

ISHEETs-SHEEI e.

ffy/f T. WEYMERSKIRCH. IRON MOLD FOR CASTING ROLLS FOR ROLLING MILLS.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG.26, 1921.

Pate'nted 1560.121922.

Patented Der. l2, i922.

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BON AIVOLD FOR CASTNG RLLS RDLLNG v'ILLS.

Application filed .August 26,1921.. Serial No. 495,523.

T0 (all whom t may concern.' o

Be it known that l, Trinonon Tsi/'Mns sinner-r, engineer, a citizen oi Luxemburg, residing` at and whose post-oihce address is Diil'erdino'en Luxemburg'. Huttenlasino D 3 Uf 7 Luxemburg', have invented certain new and useful linprovenients in lron li/iolds for Casting' Rolls for Bolling` lvlills (for which l have iiled applications in `Germany on .fl-"tugiist l1, 1919 May 10, 1920. and Deeernher 6, 1920)7 of which the following is a specification.

The rolls used in rolling iron `o'l different sections, specially those with deep grooves and with sides which are parallel or almost parallel? are at the presenti time almost eis cliisively formed of soft. vcast iron. lollsoit this type are very seldom inade oitv a hard material or with chilled surfaces. since on` forming; the `@grooves oi' passes all the 'hard skin is reinoved and the value o j the 'chilling' heen successful, 'since the rigid molds use do not vallow of provision for the shrinkage ot the rolls after casting. l

' l-tolls cast in these inolds oltcn hrcalt up. More especially,

that is between two collarsn are exposed to an extreme risk ot breakage, with the result 'that the rolls are useless and iniist he again inelted down.

y Bitterent processes are known for making gi'ooied rolls in which the molds divided in the axial direction sol thatthey can er:- vpand transversely? hut are otherwise tectly rigid. molds, as soon as "the shrinkage `con the parte o? .the inold are ldrawn fi allow an iininipeded shrinkage olf the rolls. This worl is, however, sodangeroiis andims'alfe that for a long time this method heen abandoned. ot the parte are already present,

hut it often happens that the parts are withdrawn too soon so: that the glowing particles hreak apart. Thisv process is not only very ineiiicienti hut' it.V

also introduces a great danger for the op- 'erators nient of van ordinary '.sniootli, round-and Another process `depends on the 'employfei'iil passes theV parts within the passesj w oardened.

vWilli-zn rolls arecast in these q Usually the withdrawal` takes place too late when cracks` rigid mold in which the rings forming the passes are Inovahly inserted. rthese/rings which in comparison with the usual rigid inolds have only a sinall cross sectiony are very quickly raised in temperature and on expansion are so jammed in the inoldthat' they cannot follow' the shrinkage oi' the rolls. lit it he considered how. sensitive is the iron mass if only solidified on its outer surface it will he seen that the smallest restriction can give rise to a rupture. lt this `fiction is considerable`it is cert-ain that the roll7 alter Casting, will he withdrawn from the mold in several pieces'. rlihe still i'liiid inetal at tl core and the `outer soliditied surface allow nov friction hetween the.

ring and mold. .Alsddn this inethodno allowance is niade :tor shrinkage within a pass.

The process has. also, drawbacks. y

ln another process radially arranged iron hlocks arev inserted 'inaelay niold which can other considerable vive to the shrinkage within the pass. lu'

,. eonseduence oit the great weiglitfof these i hlocls and the usually weak clay sides ot the inolth `it extremely diflicult tofconstruct irith thesehloclrs a `inold having` sev- `eirooved inolth viththese `rae the lilocks zii-e suspended without anyJ -lined the lowei` pass ol a mold and fin consequence otthe .tact that the ghloclrs are einhedded` in the clay inold there is no chill.y A casting' is obtained "which is shrunk lout onlyslightly 1 .elceoifdinpg to' the `invention all tlf fe di" iv. l.

V arranged over one` another. lt is almost impossible to construct a perfectly L. `hlocls. These niolds are not readily `portable,. since hacks :ire ohviated and a perfect i he ohtained 4,hy simple roanipuvided in the axial direction andialso `in the transverse direction into as niany `parts )as :may he necessary to forni` the required passes. The lioints hetweenthe parts are utilized to providcuiortlie shrinkage ofthe roll in all directionsyhut inore particularly within the grooves.A y i A i Some examples 'of constructions accord ino' to the inventionl are represente'diin the accompanying drawings.

.i Figs.. el andv 2 show r the .diferenceflin ithe composition of the material in theknown and new'rolls.

Fig. 3 is alongitudinal section through a mold according to the invention and Fig. e is a cross section of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through another mold in which the rings are held `under spring pressure by movable sidev bolts.

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5. i Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a mold in which the rings are carried by vertical bolts. D g

Fig. 8 shows a section on the line'S--S oi Fig. 7. A y i Fig. 9 shows `a still further subdivided ,mold on the left in elevation and on the rightin a central section.

Fig. 10 isa section on the line k10---10 of ig. 9'.

Figs. 11-13 show on a larger scale details y of Fig. 9.

' Fig. 14.

`Figs 14 and 15 show respectively in section and side viewanother construction or' the parts of the mold.

Fig. 16 is a section on the line 16-16 oli' i Figs. 17419 show details of Fig. 14, on a larger scale.

Figs. 1 and 2 are sections of cast rolls according respectively to the known and new f process in which the hatched parts represent the chilled zones of the pass. It is known f that, inthe `old vform of mold in which the rolls were cast` cylindrically andthe A grooves were' turned out, only the outer parts `of the mold Awere hard` while with the newrnethod of casting-the chilled zoneis distributed uniformly over the whole Vsurface of the roll.

Thefmold accordingY to Figs. 3 and 4: comprises rings 1 which are loosely displaceable -V which pass through suiiiciently ings 5 so that each ring before in a .casing 2; Thel rings 1 kare connected with the casing 2 by bolts 3 and springs 4 wide opena and during the casting is carried by the casing 2.

the upper ringare released suiiciently so that all the rings 1 are completely free.

Also, the casing 2 yis released at the flanges kv6 in order to facilitate the expansion and vmovement of therings. v

In `order to provide for the shrinkage of` the rollsy in the axial direction. the rings 1 are provided with a clearance 7, depending on the length of the roll, so that they move 'in yaccordance with `the shrinkage of the 1roll. vIn order that this movement shall be in no way restricted, joints 8 between the different` rings are provided. withv a cornbustible packing as commonly used in foundries, so that the fluid metal as it rises in tbe'mold `cannot*,enter thesejoints, but

the packing is already consumedy when the shrinkage commences. The construction of the mold shows that in spite or' its multiple parts the required roll is made in the simplest possible manner and ensures that the shrinkage after `casting` shall not give rise to any drawbacks.

In themold shown in F ig. 5, the rings 1 are fastened by means of spring bolts 3 to guidingrods 9 connected to the cylindrical casing. y i

In order to give the bolts'3a` better hold, each vertical row of springs if bears against a depending rod 10 which is secured to the upper boX of the mold. vIhe inner washers clined surfaces arranged in steps held byl a wedge 13 in contact with the 14 of the mold." y

By driving in the wedge 13 the rod 12 is raised. The washers 11 are moved by the pressure of the springs 4 away from the rod 10, that is, the bolts 3 are loosened. Conversely, by depressing the rod 12. the bolts 3are tightened. `The boltsl (Fig. 6) connecting the sections ci the rings 1 can be tightened or loosened inl the same manner.

In the mold shown in lFig. 7. the rings engaging one over another are arranged in `a casing 2 and are held at the required disupper flange moldboz; and the rings 1 are'entirely free.

The `sections of the rings are. as seen in Fig.` 8. connected by bolts 1.5 which are released by a rod 12.

In order to provide a greater radial movement for the ringsyarte'r they are released vthey may be beveledA (F 5) `at their points of engagerilent with the rod .9,so that they are raised when their guides are depressed. For the same purpose the rods 9 are wedge formed in cross sectionat the joints of the ring sections as .shown in F 6.'

In the construction shown in Figs. .913, the whole rigid moldl ct is composed of a number of pass rings 1a, 1b, 1C, 1d, 71B, 1f, 1g, which can be divided horizontally,` and intermediate rings 1h, 1i, 1k, 11. s

The different parts of the mold are held in their right positionv by distance 'pieces 22- which are threaded on screws -23 and engage in recesses 24 of the parts of' the mold. The screws 23 which are rectangular below the thread, in order that the distance pieces 22m ay be more easily rotated afterthe casting is effected, are guidedv in the upper and lowerfboXes 25, 26. The `lower end ofthe screw 23 is secured in the-lowerI mold box by wedges 27, while the upper end of the screw 23 is provided with a thread 28 and by a nut 29 presses the upper boX 25 on the llO iasegevv parts of theinold. ln'this Way all thepaits of the mold andthe distance pieces in the recesses E24@l ofthe paitsfareas firmly `pressed togetheras if the mold Were made of a single piece.' i i i Even under the `greatest pressure Which can occur in casting, there-'can be no displaeementl of Athe membersof theimold. ln this Way'aii absolute security, and therefore,y the greatest enactne'ss in the casting oit the rolls are obtained. It is important that there should be the greatest accuracy in these groovedrolls since in dual or triple rolls, two

the mold are released and rest loosely against y and surround the solidified parts of the roll until the cooling` is complete. i f

By this subdivision, the mold can yeasily 'follow all the movements due to the shrifnl-4 age ofthe roll Without the least hindrance. This method isvery important in deep and high passes otWhieht-he sides are limited by parallel or approximately' parallel collars. The danger ot breakage is in thiscase eX- tremelyvgreatj By the arrangement accord ing to the inventiomin `Which the mold Within the passeswcan be subdivided asyo'l'ten as necessary7 this danger is quite removed. In these molds the `most diicult sections can be cast exactly Without the smallest danger of rupture. i

.In the sectional vietv oi' Fig. 9 some constructions of subdivided molds are shown. The pass la represents a vpreliminary pass for girders, U iron, rails or the like." The central part Iot' the pass is closed by a ring 81 loosely inserted in the two niembersof the mold. The ring forms also theinterior et the mold and allows/for the shrinkage of the pass. i The pass '11"' represents around iron pass'. The mold members rest- 'on one another at the middle of the passes and externally have a wedge shape`.` When the pass shrinks the mold `members-told towards the exterior so that there is a corresponding clearance Within the pass. In order to tacil itate this folding the members of the mold are preferablydivided axially to form four parts. All the rest of the mold can be made in tWo parts. Obviously; every part ot the mold can be divided axially into as many parts as may be required. lc represents a pass for angle iron, four-sided iron or the like. The mold division is here somewhat blunt in order to obtain an easier pass or `passes off other forms. between the dividing sur'laces there should mold joint Without interfering in 'the least with the mobilityvvithin the pass.

l@ represents a pass for hat iron, U iron or the like. The division ot the mold is also' iirthis case stepped. Packing 32 is placed lbetween the joints. l rlhe pass le is for sleepers orsimilar sections. ln this case the `shrinliage of the pass is allowed for by parallelvdivisioii surfaces `which are closed by a packing' 32 on the inside of the mold. The

`passes 1f,` lg are ,tor rails. Also, in these `cases the shrinkage of the pass is allowed for in j the* simplest manner.`

Other methods of division can lbe used for lt is necessary that be suiiicient play in order to allotv'ifo'r the shrinkage of the roll or pass. The rings are provided (Fig. l0) with ilaiigesS-S connect-` edby scren7 threaded bolts' 3 which can, it

required, in dependenceon ythe sensitiveness ofthe-roll to be cast, be provided -ivith springs 4. The axial and horizontal Joints `Within the mold can he made tight with a foundry ceiiient, so that during the casting the iron` as it rises cannot enter into these joints. Since the 'lluid iron quickly solidities lon Contact with the Walls ot the passes, this packing need only operate for a short time. The particles can,` therefore. sinter and thereby avoid any restriction during the yielding ofthe mold. l

`In such molds rolls can be manufactured with the greatest exactiiess. The mold has i during andfafter the casting ot' the roll all the advantages of the rigid molds and also those oit themovable molds, since allthe danger ot' binding is removed. rl'hese ironr molds canV be advantageously employed for rolls castV in soft iron. rlhe parts of the molds then receive the torni .shown in Fig. Yll ivith ya covering 34e offclay particles or other similar materials which are arranged ina more or. less thick layer according to the degree oiE chill required.A Also, if only one portion of the mold is provided with the coating Sait can be advantageously used for rolls which are to receive only a partialchill in .the passes. Fig'. l2 shows a construction of this kind in which the pass is hard` enedat the base and only the side surfaces areicovered with theceating which provided a softer casting. 13 shows such a pass tor the manufacture ot hard collars and sott base in the pass. ln order that the particles may be retained at the `iron parts oft1 the mold andu withstand the upward pressure due to the iron, these parts are preferably proi'fided WithA dovetailed grooves. These constructions are only given by Way of eX? ample and can be modified in many Ways.

Owing to the great accuracy in which the molds according to the invention can be formed it is possible to use first pass rolls and rolls for billets and the like formed from raw cast passes if the pass need not vbe'ezr act to some tenths oi. a m1llnnetre,..cr if a perfectly neat and smooth section is-not required. Such rolls whichcan be used with# out removal of the hard skin are not easily damaged and have consequently an ex tremely long life. Forthe manufacture of ornamental iron, fashioned fillets, ribbed iron (iron for ferro-concrete) or other roller products which have igures, ribs or` the like let into or raised on their upper surface, at"` the present 'timesteel rolls .of mean` lhardness which allow the surfaces to be cut are almost exclusively used. D

According to vthe invention, itis possible to cast theserolls in vchilled castings vwith `sui'licient' exactness and smoothness. Such figured rolls yof hard material ontlast several steel rolls', while their manufacture is considerably cheaper because. one mold may provide several castings of the same kind of roll. Also, the so-called sharpening grooves, which are usual `with iirst pass rolls for the easier handling of the material ,tobe rolled in the different grooves of the rolls, can be castr at the same time if this does not prevent the shrinkagewithin the particular grooves. In the construction `shown in Figs. 14h19 the different parts of the moldare held in their correct positions by pointed screws 35 which are arranged in blocks 86. The screws B5 are held in the blocks 3G by nuts 37. The

blocks 36 are inserted in slots of the screws which'are connected by a hinged() with the mold. The engagement of the screws 35 in the joints is moreclearly shown in: Figs.

y 17-19. As soon as the cast is completed, nuts 38 `on* the upper `end of thel screw 23 are released "and the screws folded down so that the blocks 86 can be removed with the screws 35. For the easier loosening of the nuts 38 a ball-bearing 39 isv inserted below them as a washer. l y v All the described constructions are intended only as examples. Thefdivision and the means for holding vandreleasing the parts of the mold can be altered in many' wayswithout changing the principleof the invention. l

:Having now particularly described and ascertainedthefnature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declarethat what I claim is l. A mold comprising a plurality oi rings for making chilled rolls,lcharacterized by the fact that between the rings clearance is provided, the'parts forming the engagement of the :rings closing lthe inner` part of the mold and the rings being adapted to follow the shrinkage of the casting.

2. A mold according to claim 1', in which they rings are held by bolts movable under spring pressure,1.meansbeing provided for permitting the movement of the rings when the casting shrinks. J 1

3. A moldaccording to claim 1, in which a single unlocking device common to all of the rings or yring sections is provided for releasing or loosening the "connection ofsaid rings or ring sections.` p

4. An ironmold in several parts for casting rolls, in which distance piecesvor like members are inserted in the joints of the mold for'maintaining the correct disposition of the passes andby means of suitable tensioning members serving also during the casting to join all the parts together tofform a rigid structure.

" 5; A mold according to claim 4 in which the parts of the mold are so arranged within the different passes that they canfollow in any direction the shrinkage of the roll after casting.

' 6. A` mold formed according-to claim 4, in` y'which exchangeable distance rings are loosely inserted in the joints for giving the required shape.

the shrinkage within a pass is allowed for bythe members lof the molds lbeing arranged close together at the passes and are wedge shaped at their outer surfaces. l

8. A mold according to claimft, in which the parts of the movable mold members covered in known manner withI clay-or similar yparticles are provided with dovetailed A mold according to claim et, in which

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