US1437681A - Telescopic hoist - Google Patents

Description

S. S. RATHBUN AND O. P. LIEBREICH.

TELESCOPICHOIST.

APPLICATION FILED APA. 2o, I92I.

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S. RATHBUN AND 0. P. LIEBREICH.

TELESCOPIC HOIST.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 2o. I92I.

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SHERRILL RATHBUN AND OSCR I. LIEBBEICH, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

TEL-ESCOPIC HOIST.

Applicationled- April 20, 1921. Serial No. 462,961.

T0 all whom t may concern.' l

Be it known that we, SHERRILL S. RATH- nUN and OSCAR l. LIEBREICH, citizens ofthe United States, residing in Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telescopic Hoists, of which the following is a full and complete specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The object of the present invention is the provisiontoi' means for transferring objects of various character from one elevation to another such as from the cellar to a receptacle on the street level.

It is a further object to provide mechanism of this character in which the hoisting device may be elevated to any desired position above the side walk level when' the hoist is to be used and may be lowered below the side walk level when not in use, the elevating mechanism for the hoist being self-locking in every position.

lt is a still further object of our invention to provide a hoisting mechanism which is automatically locked during the hoisting operation, and which is free to revolve and drop the load rapidly but at the same time is constantly under control of the operator during the lowering operation.

It is a still further object ofthe present invention to provide a single operating element or crank for the hoisting mechanism by which the triple functions of raising the load, operating the braking mechanism for lowering the load and swinging the hoisting mechanism may be performed.

It is a still further object to provide a pawl mechanism tor the hoisting drum which imposes a minimum strain on the associated parts and is quiet in operation.

ln the forms of the invention illustrated in the accoi'npanying drawings Fig. l. shows it vertical front elevation or" the hoist partially in section;

Fig. 2 shows a vertical-side elevation partially in section.

Fig. 3 shows a plan View of the hoist mechanism Fig. 4 is a detail front view of the elevating gear; and

f their extremities to receive nuts 7a.

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 illustrate various modified forms of elevating mechanism'.

Fig. 8 is a sectional View of a modified form of guide.

The hoisting structure herein disclosed comprises a supporting standard or post l having a lower base 2 which may be firmlv attached to the basementI or hoist-way floor and 4which may also have upper and lower braces 3 for suitable attachment to a wall or any other suitable side support. The supporting standard l is a hollow pipe or other suitable structure adapted to both support and guide a rising standard 4 which carries upon the upper end thereot1 a suitable hoisting mechanism, the standard 4 being adapted to telescope within the post l and thereby lower the hoisting mechanism below the side walk level when the same is not in use, the rising standard as disclosed in Figs. l and 2 being a hollow tubular member having teeth or slots 5 provided therein. The post l and rising standard t instead of being tubular as shown, may take the form of any of the well-known beam structures, such as the channel I beam or T iron,

.A housing 6 is securely mounted on post 1 by means of hoops or clamps 7 adapted to encircle. the standard 1 and threaded upon This housing contains a flat spiral gear 8 having gear teeth 8, the gear keyed upon a shaft 9 the outer end of which is squared and receives an operating crank or handle 10. An opening or slot is provided in post l so that gear 8 may cooperate with the rising standard, the axis of the shaft 9 being inclined at such an angle tothe axisof the post l that the teeth on the upper portion only on the Hat spiral gear 8 cooperate with the slots 5 provided in the rising standard 4.. The axis of the shaft 9 does not intersect' the central line of the rising standard et but is offset therefrom as indicated in Fig. 2 in such manner that the resultant force on the teeth 5 in the rising standard will be vertical or nearly so when this standard is being raised. The rising standard will therefore exert but little pressure against une sides of thc supporting post l'or against guiding pins ll which may be additionally provided, if desired, to operate in a vertical slot 12 milled in the rising standard to prevent the same from turning. Fig. 8 shows a modification of this portion of the structure in which an elongated fiat key 11 is held in place by the clamps 7, this key projecting into and cooperating with the vertical slot 12 in the rising standard to prevent the same from turning.

-With the lform of elevating gear herein shown the rising standard may be readily and easily elevated to any desired position. After the turning force on the gear is removed however', the rising standard is selflocking owing to the fact that it is impossible for the pressure against the teeth of the flat spiral gear 8 by the rising standard to rotate the gear owing to the frictional force which now may be considered as reversed. Due to this irreversible gcarfonstruction, the rising standard is therefore self-locking in all positions without the aid of pins, ratchets, or other similar mechanisms and its operation is therefore at all times quiet and smooth.

lfhe teeth 8"L of the flat spiral gear 8 are preferably formed so that tangents to the curved surfaces of the teeth 8 shall make the same angle with lines drawn through the axis of rotation 'of gear and the points of tangency. The purpose of using a gear with teeth having this curvature is to produce a tooth which will fit very closely into the circular slots milled in the rising standard 4.

A modified form of rising standard is shown in Fig. 5, this form instead of having slots milled in the surfaces for cooperation with the flat spiral gear 8, having a plurality of studs inserted through the walls of the rising standard l. These studs may be screwed into the rear w'all of the rising standard and project through the front wall as shown, thus providing` teeth which mayi cooperate with a flat spiral gear of the general form shown in Figures 1 and 2. In this case, however, some other curvature, as for example the arc of a circle, may be used for the shape' of gear teeth 8a of the flat spiral gear 8.

Figure 6 illustrates a modification of elevating mechanism which may be used particularly with the type of rising standard illustrated in Fig. 5. This elevating mechanism comprises a rotating member 14 having one or more threads 15 either milled into its surface or raised therefrom, these threads being so located as to cooperate with the studs 18 to elevate the rising standard d. The shaft member 14 is mounted in bearings and is inclined at such an angle to the vertical axis of the rising standard 4 that the coefficient of the friction is of such value as to prevent rotation of the member 111C through any force that may be exerted against it by the studs on the rising standard 4, the mechanism thereby being irreversible. The member 1% is operated by means of a crank handle 1G attached to the shaft by means of a pin connection 17 so that it always turns in a vertical plane.

Still another form of irreversible elevating mechanism is disclosed in Fig. 7, in which a cylindrical member 18 is provided to rotate in suitable bearings7 this rotation being accomplished by means of the bevel gears 19 and 20, bevel gear 2O being operated by means of a suitable handle or crank not shown. The member 18 has a square thread 21 cut on its surface, this thread cooperating with straight slots 22 provided in the rising standard 1- ln this .form of elevating mechanism the axis of the cylindrical element 18 is so inclined to the axis of the rising standard that an irreversible operation is obtained and that the rising standard will remain locked in anyr position by virtue of this.

The hoisting mechanism is carried or mounted upon the upper end of the rising standard l by means of a U shaped frame or bracket 22. This bracket is supported by a sleeve 23 and a ball or pivot bearing 24 in such manner that it may be freely'revolved in a horizontal plane, the sleeve QB having a plurality of notches Q5 at its lower end for cooperation with a latch 26 to lock the'bracket Q2 in a plurality of suitable positions.

The latch 26 may be opera ed by a spring Q7 as shown or it may be operated by gravity by having one end weighted. The various forms of hoisting mechanism herein disclosed form the subject matter of our divisional application, Serial No. 570,339.

A winding drum 27 is mounted on the bracket Q2' by means of suitable bearings 28. This drum is operated through the medium of a crank handle 29 mounted upon a shaft 30 rotating in a bearing 31, shaft 30 having fixed thereto a small gear 32. Gear 82 cooperates with a large gear 83 either fixed to or integral with the cone shaped element 34 which may be faced with friction material B5 and is actuated by a spring 36 to form a friction clutch for driving the winding drum 27. I

The control handle 29 is designed to 'operate the shaft 30 by means ofna one-way drive mechanism comprising a clutch mem- -ber 36 adjustably fixed to the threaded end of the shaft 30 and having lugs 37 of the type shown which are adapted to engage a series 'if similar lugs 38 integral with the hub of the c ank which is otherwise looselv mounted upon shaft 30. lVhen the contrdl handle 25) is operated in a clockwise direction lugs 38 engage with lugs 37 of the member 3G fastened to shaft 3() and operate the shaft and gears 32 and 33 and in such manner as to drive the drum 27 through the asso- `by wedging against the gear teeth.

Meneer ciated friction clutch and raise the load attached to the hook 39 by means of the cable 40. Q

To prevent reverse operation of the drum during the winding operation, should the driving force be removed, a pawl 4l carried on a weighted lever mounted on a pivot 43, wedges between the gears 32 and 33 so that backward rotation is impossible and the load is held. To insure quietness in operation the pawl orstop 4l is covered with leather or other yielding material to act as'a silencer when raising the load, and to act as a resilient or yielding wedge when functioning to prevent backward rotation By forming the operating surfaces of the pawl of yielding material, the gear teeth are not subjected to shock or impact when the pawl operates.

Yln order to lower the load by the hoisting mechanism the control crank il() is operated to a slight extent in a counter-clockwise direction and shaft 3() is prevented from rotating in this direction because of the operation of pawl 4l. lugs 33 on the hub of the crank operate against the inclined surfaces of lugs 37 in such manner as to withdraw the shaft 30 laterallyT trom the bearing 31. '.l he shaft 30 has tixed to its inner end a flange 44 which normallyT overlaps but is free from Contact with the inner radial surface of gear The flange LlJf nay be formed integral with the gear 3:2 shown or may be a separate element. When the shaft 30 is withdrawn from the bearing 3l by the counter-clockwise rotation of the crank 29, the flange 44 contacts withthe. inner radial surface of gear 33 and upon further counter-clockwise movement of the crank Q9 the gear 33 is also moved endwise against the tension of the clutch spring 3GP* thereby releasing the clutch membersv 34 and and allowing,r the drum 27 to rotate freely in its bearing causing the cable to he unwound and the load lowered. To check the descent of the load, clutch 242 may be operated as a brake by relaxingand varying the pressure on the control handle 29 which action permits the clutch spring 36a to force the clutch into partial engagement and thereby causing 'it to function as a friction brake. 1

During the lowering operation, there is very little thrust. on the pivot 43 of the pawl lever 42, the pivot 43 operating in an elongated slot inthe pawl lever 4:2 which gives the pawl lever a certain amount of play upon the pivot and permits all of the thrust being taken directly upon the portions of the resilient pawl surface wedged between. the teeth of the gears 32 and 33.

lVhen the crank handle is operated in a counter-clockwise direction for the lowering operation and the shaft 30, gears 32 and 33 and the flange member move laterally, the pawl lever i2 is permitted to participate in the lateral movement together with the gears owing to the fact that the pawl pivot 43 has a sufficient length for this purpose. lVhen power is no longer applied to the controlling crank 29 clutch spring 36av functions to rel store the gear 33 to its original position, gear 32 being likewise restored through the action of the inner radial surface of gear 33 against the flange et, which is rigid with shaft 3() and gear 32. The pawl lever #l2 is also restored to its inner position by means of a spring 45.

ln order that only a slight counter-clockwise motion of the control member is required in order to operate the clutcln clutch member 36 is adjustable upon the threaded end of shaft 30. i

After the loadr has been raised the bracket 22 may be easily revolved on its ball bearing 9A- by depressing the latch 2G and pullingr on the control handle so that the control handle possesses the triple function of raising thel load, controlling the lowering of the load, and swinging the` load in a horizontal plane.

By proper design of the clutch spring So relative to the bearing surface of the clutcln it is possible if so desired to make provision for the clutch yielding when the hoisting mechanism is subjected to an overload. i

While the structure herein shown is for manual operation, it is of course obvious that any form of power might be applied to the eleif'ating and hoisting mechanisms without departing from the spirit of the invention herein set forth. Other modificationsl of the structures herein disclosed may be made without depart-ing from the scope ot the appended claims.

What we claim is:

l. ln a hoisting apparatus. a frame, a winding drum mounted in said frame, a gear wheel in frictional. engagement with said drum, and common means for rotating said gear wheel. and controlling the frictional engagement of said gear wheel with said drum.

2. ln a hoisting appara-tus, a frame7 a. winding drum mounted in said frame, a gear wheel coaxial with said drum and in frictional engagement therewith, and common means for rotating said gear wheel and controlling the frictional engagement of said gear wheel with said drum.

ln a hoisting apparatus, a U-shaped frame revolubly mounted upon a supporting member, a` winding drum mounted in said frame, a gear wheel in frictional engagement with said drum, and a single manually operable means for rotating said gear wheel, controlling the frictional engagement of the said gear wheel with said l drum. and for revolving said frame.

ISO

4. In a hoisting apparatus, a frame, a winding drum mounted in said frame and carrying a clutch member, a gear Wheel mounted coaxially with said drum and carrying a clutch member, resilient means normally urging said clutch members together and common means for shifting said gear wheel and associated clutch member laterally out of operative relationship with the clutch member' carried by said drum, and for rotating said winding drum.

ln a hoisting apparatus, a frame, a winding drum mounted in said frame and carrying a clutch mem-ber, a gear' wheel coaxial with said drum and carrying a clutch member, resilient means normally urging said clutch members together, a drive shaft, a second gear wheel mounted on said drive shaft in engagement with said first mentioned gear wheel, means forimparting a lateral movement to said drive shaft and associated gear wheel, and means carried by said drive shaft for imparting its lateral movement to said irst mentioned gear wheel and associated gear member to move the same out of operative relationship with the clutch member carried by the drum.

G. In a hoisting apparatus, a frame, a winding drum mounted in said frame carrying a clutch member, a gear wheel coaxial with said drum and carrying a clutch member, means normally urging said clutch members together, a drive shaft, a second gear wheel mounted on said drive shaft in engagement .with said first mentioned gear wheel, a hand crank having a hub loosely mounted on said drive shaft, said hub having inclined lugs cooperating with lugs fixed on said drive shaft for rotating said drive shaft when operated in one direction, and

for producing an axial movement of said drive nshaft when operated in the opposite direction, and means mounted on said drive shaft for imparting its axial movement to said first mentioned gear wheel and associated clutch member to move the same laterally out of operative relationship with the clutch member carried by said drum.

7. In a hoisting apparatus, a frame, a winding drum mounted in said frame, a gear wheel coaxial with said drum, a drive shaft, a second gear wheel ixed to said drive shaft in engagement with said first mentioned gear wheel, a pivot pawl lever mounted adjacent said gear wheels, a pawl formed of yielding material carried by said pawl lever, and means coacting with said lever for normally urging said pawl between the teeth of said gear wheels adjacent their point of contact.

S. In a hoist-ing apparatus, a vertical supporting member having a cylindrical upper portion, a sleeve member revolubly supported on said cylindrical upper'portion, a U- shaped frame carried by said sleeve, a latch carried by said supporting member adjacent the lower end of said sleeve, means for normally urging said latch against said sleeve member, a plurality of notches formed in the lower end of said sleeve member for cooperation with said latch to lock said sleeve member in a plurality of predetermined positions, and a winding drum mounted in said U-shaped frame. y

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto affixed our signatures.

SHERRILL S. RATHBUN. OSCAR P. LIEBREICH. litnessz F. J. GUNNER.

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