US1436997A

US1436997A - Educational-test device

Info

Publication number: US1436997A
Application number: US304388A
Authority: US
Inventors: James E Mcdade
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1919-06-16
Filing date: 1919-06-16
Publication date: 1922-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 1939-11-28

Description

1^. E. McDADE.

EDUCATIONAL TES-T DEVICE. APPLICATION F|LED1uNE16.1919.

Patented Nov. 28, 1922.

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J. E. MCDADE. EDUCATIONAL TEST DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, 1919.

Patented Nov. 28, 1922.

M HM 5 183 224144 wglg'so 150 1555 20o 105 2 Than/W 190e J. E. MCD/IDE. A EDUCATIONAL TEST DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I6. 1919.

1,436,997, Patented Nov. 28, 1922.

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EDUCATIONAL TEST DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, 1919.

Patented Nov. 28, i929.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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III I Patented Nov. 2s, i922.

JAMES E. MCDADE, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

EDUCA'IIQNAL-TEST DEVICE.

Application filed June 16,

T 0 all Qcm-m it may con-cem.'

Be it known that I Jamas E. MCDADE, a citizen of the Fnited States, residing at Chicago` in the county of Cook and State of Illinois. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Educational-Test Devices, of which the following is a specilication.

My invention relates to a device `for giving educational tests by means of which a set of test problems may be given to each student taking. the test, the problems being concealed until a signal is given by the examiner to commence solving them, to ascertain how proficient each student is in the subject forming the basis of the test.

In its preferred form my invention contemplates a holder under or in which the student may place a sheet of ordinary practice or working paper. The holder is adapted to receive and hold a strip of cardboard on which the test problems are printed. the strip bearing the problems being placed in the holder so that the problems will be concealed until a signal is-given to the student to unmask theA problems. The holder including a concealedset of problems is furnished to each student taking the test. After each student has written his or her name and such other information as may be desired as, for example` the room and grade numbers and date on the sheet of working paper, and all students are ready for the test, the instructor gives the signal to commence work. The devices are manipulated bythe respective students so as to expose a set of problems and the students commence solving them and continue until the signal is given to stop, after which the holders are again manipulated to conceal the problems. The devices and working papers are then collected. The bottom edge of the holder forms a guide for the student to follow so that the answers are all written across the working paper on a straight line.

The instructor has a key or answer card which may he placed alongside the students answers and the answers compared with the correct answers on the key card. Each students paper is rated andthe results of the test are tabulated on a score sheet and such information, for example, as the number of problems attempted by the student, the number answered correctly and the aver- 1919. Serial No. 304,388.

age percentage of the class quickly and conveniently obtained.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a novel device of simplied construction for use in an educational test system by means of which the test problems or series of test problems are concealed until a signal is given bythe examiner. The test problems preferably are printed on strips of paper and arranged so that they may be used over and over again.

A further object of my invention is to provide an educational test device by means of which the student may write the answers onordinary practice paper, the edge of the holder forming a guide so that the student may Write the answers in a straight line across the sheet.

A further object of my invention is to provide an educational test device by means of which a series of tests may be given to the student at one time, the arrangement preferably being such that only one of the serieswill be exposed at a time.

A further object of my invention is to provide novel means for checking the students answers and for recording the results to ascertain information such, for example,

as the average percentage of a class.

The invention consists of the novel and improved constructions, arrangements and devices to be hereinafter described and claimed for carrying out the above stated objects and such other incidental objects as will appear from the following description.

The invention is illustrated in certain preferred embodiments in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Fig. 1 1s a perspective view of the preferred form of device for holding the students working paper and for receiving andA holding the test problems;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the preferred means for masking or concealing the test problems;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the holder with the students working paper and a set of problems in arithmetic in place on the holder, certain parts being broken away;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the students paper, after it has been removed from the holder, showing the students answers;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the key or answer card for the set of problems shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a preferred form of `score sheet suitable for tabulating the results of a test with the key card attached to it by means of paper clips and with the students paper in position for checking the students answers;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a color chart used in giving color tests;

Fig. 8 is a, plan view of the key or answer card used in checking the students answers to the color test;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a strip on which a map is placed for giving a test in geography, the map being folded over on the strip;

Fig. 10 is a plan view of an arrangement used in giving a test in geography;

Fig. 1l is a key or answer card used in connection with the test in geography;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a modified form of holder; y

Figures13 and 14 are perspective views illustratin fragmentary parts of another modified orm of holder;

Fig. 15 illustrates another modified form of holder;

Figs. 16 to 19, inclusive, are perspective views of fragmentary parts of a strip adapted to be placed in the envelope shown in 'Fig 2 to which are pasted a plurality of strips of paper on which are printed test problems illustrating how a series of problems may be given to the student at one time, the construction being such, however, that only one set of problems is exposed at one time;

Fig. 20 is a plan view of the back cover of a modified form of device comprising a plurality of leaves with a set of problems on each leaf by means of which a large number of problems may be given at one time; and

Fig. 21 is a fragmentary view of the device shown in Fig. 20 illustrating different sets of problems, only one being exposed at a time.

Like characters of reference 'designate like parts in the several views.

Referring first to Figs. l to 6, inclusive,

vin which I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be seen that the test device comprises a holder 25, a sheet of paper 26 for the use of the student, a strip 27 on which a set of test problems is printed and the envelope 28 for concealing the problems until the signal is given.

The part-s preferably are all made of paper or cardboard of suitable quality and thickness.

The holder 25 comprises a strip .or base member 29 and the

narrow end pieces

30 and 31 placed across and? attached to the strip 29. The end piece 30',V is provided with a recess 32 which is adapted to receive the left hand end of the strip 27 on which the test problems are printed, the sides ofthe recess preferablyvflaring outwardly to guide the strip 27 into place. The end piece 31 is provided with a slot 33 through which the right hand end ofthe envelope 28 marked :1: may be inserted. The holder, preferably, has printed thereon simple instructions as to the use of the device for the benefit of the student. The envelope 28 is open at the left hand end and is adapted to receive thestrip 27. The strip 27 is made somewhat longer than the depth of the enevelope so that the left hand end ofthe strip will project into the recess 32 when .the 'envelopeis in position on the holder. The envelope 28 is provided with a Hap 34 which serves as convenient means for sliding the envelope back to expose the problems and also as a stop. The holder is preferably made so that the distance between the inner sides of the

end pieces

30 and 31 is eight and one-half inches so that an ordinary sheet of paper will just slip in between them.

In giving a test, the holders are passed around one to each 'student in the room. Each student then places a piece of paper over the holder and writes his or her name, and such4 other information as may-be requested as his or her age, name of school, date, and. room and grade numbers, across -the top of the sheet as Y'shown in Fig. 4./ .The envelopes 28 containing identical test 100 problems are then passed around, one to each student. Each student inserts the right hand end of the envelope through the slot 33 of the holder and the left hand end. of the strip 27 in the recess 32. When the signal to start is given, each student exposes the test problems, which may be done conveniently and quickly by holding the left hand end of the strip 27 and sliding back the envelope by'taking hold of the flap 34. 110 Each student then endeavors to solve as many of the problems as possible before the signal to stop is given,.writing the answers on the sheet of paper along the bottom edge of the holder. When the stop signal is given each student pulls the envelope over the strip 27 to conceal the problems. The

Working papers arecollected immediately and if no other tests are to be given the holders are also collected. The students answer papers are then ready for grading which may be done most conveniently by comparing each students answers with the correct answers on the. key card 35 illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. The results of the 125 test may be found by using the score sheet 36 shown in Fig. 6.v

The sheet is preferably ruled so as to pro,-

vide a plurality of vertical columns 37 which register with the answers on the'key card. 130 i the strip 27.

The sheet is divided into three parts, the

example, the number of the test and When` and where it was given. The key card 35 has printed thereon the number ot' the test and the correct answers to the problems given on the strip 27. The answers'on the key card are numbered consecutively beginning at the left hand end of the card. The answers on the key card and the vertical columns on the score sheet are positioned so 4as to register with the respective problems on The key card is preferably attached'to the back of the score sheet by means of. paper clips 4l so that the answers 'and the numbers of the problems will appear at the top of the Vertical Columns 37 on the score sheet as shown in Fig. 6.

The score sheet and the key card attached thereto are placed on the desk and the instructor takes up each students working paper, one at a time, and compares the answers thereon with the answers on the key card and records the results on the students paper and on the score sheet. The students paper is shown placed abeve the key eard in Fig. 6 ready for comparison. It will be noted that in the students paper shown in Fig. 6 only eight problems Were attempted and that problems numbered 3 and 6 were answered incorrectly which the instructor records by placing a mark in column numbered 8 on the part 38 and another in column numbered 6 on the part 39 of the lscore sheet. The number ot problems attempted and the number answered correctly may be indicated on the students paper for the benefit of the student. The score sheet preferably is ruled transverselyl to provide the spaces A, B, C, and l). 'lhe score sheet in Fig. 6 shows the score marks for the papers of ten students. The marks scored in each column are totaled and theA totals placed in space A under the respective columns and the totals ot' the columns placed in space E. are each multiplied by the respective column numbers and the products placed in space B, the products being then added to-y gether and the total thereof placed in space F. The score marks showing the number of rights" are added and multiplied in the same way using the spaces and D and the grand totals are placed in the spaces and H. If the computations have been made correctly the total in space E will equal the total in space G. The percentage of ac- 'lhe totals in space A curacy of the class equals the number of rights or the total in space H divided by the number of attempts or the total in space F Which, for the markings shown on the sheet illustrated, is a little over 79.

In Fig. 7 I have illustrated a color card 42 which may be used in giving a color test in much the same Way as an arithmetic test is given, the student being instructed to write the name of each color on his or her Working sheet. Fig. 8 shows a key card 43 for checking the answers in the color test. which is used in the same wayI as the key card 35. f

In Figs. 9 and 10, I have illustrated a map 44 mounted on a strip 45, the map being folded over as shown in Fig. 9 so it will pass into the envelope 28. The strip 45 may be provided with a flap 46 to guide the folded map into the envelope. The names of countries, rivers, cities, etc. are left off the map and instead each is given a number. On the lower portion of the map is printed the names of a number of countries, rivers, gulfs, etc. The student is expected to inspect the map and Write the number given on the map on his or her paper underneath the respective countries, rivers, gulfs, etc. In Fig. 11 is shown an answer card 47 for use in connection with the geography test.

In Fig. 12, I have shown a modified form of holder intended to be placed over the students paper. The strip 27 bearing the test problems is held in place by tucking the upper corners thereof into the pockets 48 formed on the holder. rllhe problems are concealed by means of a flap 49 hinged to one end of the device.

In Figs. l13 and 14, I have illustrated another modified form of holder comprising an upper member 50 and a lower member 51 hinged together at one end. The students sheet of paper 52 is placed between the members 50 and 51. The upper member 5() is provided with the pockets 53 into which the upper corners of the strip 27 bearingthe test problems may be tucked. When the holder is given to the student, the strip 27 is turned over to conceal the problemsV as shown in Fig. 13 and When the signal is given, the student turns the strip right side up and places the upper corners thereof into the pockets 53 as shown in Fig. 14.

In Fig. 15, I have shown another modified form of device' which is intended to be placed over the students paper. The test problems are printed on the lower member 54 and the upper member 55 serves to conceal the problems until the signal is given, the members being hinged together at one end.

In Figs. 16 to 19, inclusive, I have shown a strip 56 to which are attached a plurality of strips as, for example, the

strips

57, 58 and 59, each strip bearing a set of test probiao lems. The strip 57 has a set printed on each side as shown in Figs. 16 and 17. When the strips are in the position shown in Fig. 16, they will slide into the envelope 28 (Fig. 2). It will be noted from the drawin that the strip 58 is wider than the strip 5 and that the strip 59 is wider than the strip 58. The bottom edge of each strip serves as a guide for the student to follow in writing the precision in time tests. The first cost of the y answers on a straight line across the sheet. It will also be noted that only one set of problems is exposed at a time.

In Figs. 20 and 21, I have shown a form of test device intendedl more particularly for practice work. The device is in the form of a book and comprises a top member 60 and a bottom member 61 hinged together at one end with a plurality of leaves 62 in between, each bearing a set of test problems. The bottom member 61 is provided 4with the

flaps

63 and 64 under which the students paper may be placed and held.

Fromthe above it will be seen that the test problems are concealed until a signal is given and that the students paper is retained in position. The test problems may be easily and instantaneously exposed or unmasked as desired which gives the utmost device is not great and the cost of using the system is very low because the students answers appear on lines close together yand any ordinary paper may be used. The printed test cards are never written on and may be used over and over again. The operation of the test device for various forms of tests is simple because the machinery of one test is practically the machinery of all, there being no new technique to master for each new test. A number of tests may be given to the student at one time and he takes them up successively as called on and in the preferred form only one set of test problems is exposed at a time. A large number of answers may be marked and scored rapidly and conveniently because it is necessary only to lay the key card along the students answers and determine his standing by a rapid inspection. The system of scoring enables the instructor to obtain very quickly information concerning the standing of the class as, for example, the average percentage of the class.

The system may be used in giving a dificulty, quantity, accuracy or diagnostic test. A diiiculty test reveals how hard or how diicult a problem the student can master and in a test of this kind. the problems are arranged on the'card so that they become increasingly diiiicult. A quantity test reveals how much work a student can do in a given time'. With .the device describedthe utmost precision in a test of this character, where time is of the essence, is obtained because of the instantaneous masking and unmasking of the problems.

An accuracy test reveals how well a student does something he knows or should know how to do. A diagnostic test diagnoses each students work and shows which question or kind of questions the student fails to master. A device of this kind is particularly useful in showing up weak students in the class.

The word problem is used throughout the specification and claims to apply to anything to which the student is to provide a correct solution or answer whether the subject is in arithmetic, geography or some other branch of education.

While I have described my invention in certain preferred embodiments it is realized that there might be considerable deviation from these constructions, arrangements, and devices without departure from the principles of my invention; therefore I do not wish to be understood as limiting the invention to the particularl constructions, ar-

rangements and devices shown except only in so far as certain of the claims are so limited.

I claim:

l. An educational test device comprising means `bearing a 'plurality of associated strips of material each of which bears a set of test problems, said strips extending longitudinally with respect to said means, means movable longitudinally with respect to said rst mentioned means and adapted to expose or conceal said problems from view when a signal is given, and means on which the answers to said problems may be written, said strips of material serving as guides to aid the student in writing the answers to the respective sets of problems in straight lines across the sheet of paper.

2. An educational test -device comprising llO key cardbearing the correct answers to said problems and adapted to be placed alongside the Written answers on said sheet, for the purpose specified.

.3. An educational test device comprising means bearing a plurality of test problems, a sheet of paper independent of the test problems, means adapted to maintain said sheet of paper in a definite relationship with respect to the test problems. whereby the answers thereto .may be written across the sheet in a straight line, and a key card bearing the correct answers to said problems and adapted to be placed alongside the written nwers on said sheet, for the purpose speci- 4. An educational test device comprising a strip bearing a set of test problems, a holder adapted to receive said strip and conceal the problems until a signal is given, a

` sheet of paper on which the student may write answers to the problems, said holder being adapted to hold said sheet of paper in alignment with said strip, and a key card bearing the correct answers to said problems against which the students answers may be checked.

5. An educational test device comprising a strip bearing a set of test problems, a sheet 'of paper on which the student may write answers to the problems underneath each problem on said strip and a key card bearing the correct answers to the problems checked, said holder being adapted to hold v said sheet of paper in alignment with said strip, the answers on said key card being positioned so as to register with the respective problems on said strip.

7. An educational test device comprising a strip bearing a set of test problems, a sheet of paperon which the student may write answers to the problems underneath each problem on said' strip, a key card bearing the correct answers to the problems against 4 which the students answers may be checked,

a score sheet providedwith vertical column rulings on which the answers of each student in a class maybe recorded, the answers on said key card and the column rulings on said score sheet being positioned so as to register with the respective problems on said strip.

Y 8. An educational test device comprising a strip bearing a set of test problems, a sheet of paper on which the student may write answers to the .problems ...underneath each problem on said strip, a key card bearing the correct answers to theproblems against which the studentsanswers may be checked the answers thereon being .numbered conf secutively,.I a score sheet divided by transverse ruling into two sections and provided with vertical column rulings on'which the answers of each student in. a class may be recorded, the answer on said key card and the column rulings on said score sheet being vpositioned so as to register with the respective problems on said strip so that the number of problems-attempted by each student may be recorded inthe proper column on` one section and the number of problems answered correctly by each student may be recorded in the proper column on the other section of said score sheet.

9. An educational device comprising a strip bearing a set of test problems, a sheet of paper on which the student may write answers to the problems underneath each problem on said strip, a key card bearing the correct answers to the problems against which the students answers` may be checked, the answers thereon being numbered consecutively, a score sheet provided with vertical column rulings on which the answers of each student in a class may be recorded, the answers on said key card and the column rulings on said score sheet being positioned so .as to register with the problems on said strip and means for fastening said key card across the topy of said score sheet so that the numbering of the answers on the key card will appear at the top of the respective vertical columns on said score sheet.

10. An educational test device comprising a holder Jfor the students working paper, a strip bearing a set of test problems and an envelope adapted to slide over said strip, said envelope being slidably retained on said holder.

11. An educational test device comprising a holder, a stripv bearing a set of test problems and an envelope adapted to slide over said strip, said holder having means to retain a sheet of paper thereon and means whereby said envelope may be slidably retained thereon.

12. An educational test device comprising a holder, a vstripbearing a set o f test problems and an envelope adapted to slide over said strip, said holder having cross strips secured on .the top thereof between which the students working paper may be placed and means whereby said envelope may be slidably retained thereon.

13. An educational test device compris- Aing a holder, a strip bearing a set of test problems and an envelope adapted t0 slide over said strip, said holder having cross strips secured on the to thereof between which the students worklng paper may be placed, one of said cross strips having a slot adapted to receive the end of said envelope and the other. cross strip having a recess adapted t0 receive one end of the strip bearingv the test problems.

14. An educational test device comprising a holder, a strip bearin a set of test problems and an envelope apted to slide over said strip, said envelope having a flap by means of which the envelope may be pulled'backwardly through said slot to exposel the test problems, said Hap acting as a stop to prevent the envelope from being pulled entirely through the slot.

v 15. In an educational test device, 'the combination with a holder and an envelope slidably retained thereon; of a strip adapted to slide into said envelope said strip having a plurality of flaps attached thereto, each of which bears a set of test problems, said flaps being arranged so that only one set vor problems will be exposed at one time.

a plurality of iiaps attached to one side thereof each of which bears a set of test problems, said flaps progressively varying in length so that each Hap when turned over, proJects downwardly farther than the preceding one.

18. An educational test device comprising a holder for the students Working pa- V1 per, a strip bearing a set of test problems,

and an envelope adapted to slide relative to saidholder and over said strip, said strip being longer than the depth of said envelope y and said envelope having a finger piece whereby said strip may be held stationary relative to said holder byplacing a linger of one hand 0n the projecting end of said strip while said envelope is moved relative to said strip by grasping said finger piece with thengers of the'other hand.

a JAMES E. MCDADE.