US1434847A - Grate - Google Patents

Description

L. H. SIMMONS.

GRATE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2l, I92!- Le J19 4 Mb WSQNK Q10 L. H. SIMMONS:

GRATE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21. 1921.

1,434,847. Patented Nov. 7, 1922" 5 SHEETSSHEET 2.-

I I I i I I was Inventor:

Lee Jfowami Jz'mmom,

L. H. SIMMONS.

GRATE.

. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21. 1921. 1,434,847, Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

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Lee Jzowand Simmons,

L. H. SIMMONS.

GRATE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, I921.

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L. H. SIMMONS.

GRATE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1921.

1,434,847, Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

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5 Lee Jlowardd'ii nmom,

Patented Nov. 7 i922.

onrriso Parser LEE HOWARD SIBIIl-TONS, OF GDLDSBOBO, NORTH CAROLINA, .ASSIGNOR I'D SIMMGNS EEANUFAGTURIHG COIi JIPANY, OF "WILMING-TGIT, ITGBTH GABIQLINA A GQRPORA- 'TION or Nearer CAROLINA.

Application filed June 21 I My invention relates to a new and useful improvement in grates for stationary or locomotive boilers and in the present draw-- ings'l have shown the grate as embodied in a locomotive, although it may be equally as well applied under any stationary boiler.

In its broadest aspect itis somewhat siini la r in typetothe grate shown in Patent No;

1.321.252, granted to me Nov. 11, 1.919. and to the grate shown in the application uleil by me on Oct. 4. 1920. hearing Serial No.

In both the patent and the application above mentioned however. the small grate or fire bars are actuated by a rocker bar, while in the present instance. as will be hereinafter more fully described. the grate or fire bars though easily inserted or removed are not i actuated by the rocker bar but are designed to rock or tilt only when they frames supportin g these bars. are actuated to dump the fire.

One of the numerous objects of my invention is to provide a grate which is to be made up olta plurality of sections or frames so that the grate area may he of the desired. size depending on the size of the boiler.

Another object of my invention is to pro-- vide a grate. the trainee or". which may be rocked by a small power-operated means of he ordinary type used in connection with locomotive grates if the grate is installed in a locomotive, or may be rocked by any pre ferred automatic means if installed under 21- stat ionary boiler, and is also arranged to be rocked manually should it be desired or necessary.

v Still another object of my invention is. to provide in a ate, a plurality of frames onv which there are provided a plurality of small. quickly removable fire bars, so that it is a simple matter to replace any of them when they become damaged by continuous use.

.Etill another object of my invention is to, provide a clinker breaking means that is to (Bl-RATE.

1 be located in each of the grate "ilitll'lLS so that the fire bed may always be kept in as neara ierfect condition as possible. i

As it is well known to thdse skilled in the art large clinkers are bound to form in the fire bed which retard the enciencv of any grate and which have to be removed, generally by means of an operator with a slice bar. templates the breakingup. of these clinkers while they are in molten state and before becoming hardened.

Stillanother object ofthe invention is to provide a grate wherein the grate or fire bars are held in a locked position after beng nserted but may be quickly removed or replaced when desired.

Still another. objectof my invention is to provide agrate wherein all but two of the frames supporting the tire bars, may be rocked in unison when it is desiredto dump thefire. i i i filtill another object of my invention is to so form the grate that the the bed be quickly agitated by the clinker breakers to keep the fire bed in its highest efliciency, and

to also form the grate so that the grate frames, Wl'tll the tire bars and clinker breakers may be rocked when it is desired to dump the fire. I y

Still another object of the invention is to so arrange the; clinker breakers and their means of support, that it will be impossible for the clinker breakers to remain in their uppermost or operated position. This is desirable as if the arrangement was not such. the clinker breakers might beleit in a raised position, extended into the tire bed, and they would soon melt or be destroyed by the heat.

Still anotheriobject of the invention is to arrange all of the clinker breakers with the exception of those next to the rear wall to actuate in one direction that is, towards the front of the fire bed ,while those 1n the last two frames are designed to swing toward 4- 1 J the rear end of the fire bed. I

In most of the grates now installedin locomotives 1t 1s necessary to provide long rakes or slice bars, so that theclinkers and the fire bed nextto the crown sheet may be raked, agitated or cleaned out, as no auto- The present invention thereforecon- 60 matio means are provided, and the fire bed is generally poor at this point, thereby lowering the efliciency of the grate, and not securing the maximum heat fromthe coal burned.

Still another object of my invention is to provide means for rocking the clinker breakers in the two front frames, which means are actuated independently of the means operating the remaining clinker breakers.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a grate especially adapted for use in a locomotive comprising a plurality of tiltable or rockinggrate framesjhaving two frames at the "front end of the grate that are stationary.

\Vith these and numerous other objects in view, which will be hereinafter more fully described as the specification proceeds, my

invention consists in certain new and novel constructions and combination of parts as will hereinafter be more fully described and pointed outin the claims.

Referrin now to the drawings which show a preferred form of the invention;

Fig. l'isa plan view ofmy improved grate partly in section and parts removed .or clearness of illustration.

'Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing the different ,parts in a normal position.

Fig. 3 is a similar view taken on a line with the center rest bar, a number of parts being removed 'for'the sake of clearness and showing a part of three .grate' fran1es in section andin their normal position.

Fig. 4 is a view at the far side of the grate showing a side rest bar composed of two sections.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view on line 5--5 of Fig.1.

Fig. 6 is an'enlarged fragmentary sectional detail view showing two of the rocking m an i the gratesome parts being shown in section frames and a stationary frame in their normal position, I the clinker breakers however in all of their frames in their operated position.

Fig. 7 is a similar view showing therockingfframes in .a tilted or rocked position vthe clinker breakers being in their normal position.

Fig.8 is a front elevation showing the for operating the different parts of fo'rrthe sake of clearness.

' Fig. 9 is a 'side' elevation of .a fire or grate bar and Fig. 10 isa similar view of a clinker breaker. e 0

It is to be understood at the outset that throughout the specification and the claims the terms front and rear are used with "the assumption thatthe grate isinstalled in aloc'omotive and "the front end of the grate being positioned near the front of the 10- comotive. This is also followed with regard to the front and rear walls of the grate frames.

It might also here be mentioned that the grate may be advantageously used under stationary boilers as well as under locomotive boilers.

In Fig. l-of the drawings, two side walls l are shown, and the front wall 3 and the rear sheet 2. A center rest bar 4 is shown for supporting"the adjacent ends of the grate frames, this center bar being the sub- Iiect matter of a. separateapplicationfiled for pivotally supporting the grate frames, which frames will hereinafter be described in detail.

It is to be noticed that at the forward end of the side rest bars T 'there aretwo'projer tionsll providedwith the trunnions 12, and

on the center rest bar the trunnions 13 are provided with two trunnions'la corresponding to the trunnions at the forward endsof the side rest bars 7.

in the rear wall under the'cab floor there are shown two openings 15 through which the ends of the grate operating connections are inturn provided with the trunnions 10 are passed, which connections will also be mentioned more in detail.

type now usedon locomotives, which in the present instance is designed. to operate a portion of the grat mechanism, and in the present instance this means C is shown mostly in outline for the sake of illustration'only,

as any other form of suitable power operating means may be employed.

A small connecting link 18 will be seenand two air connections 19 which will be properly connected with the air or a steam pressure line.

Located slightly means C a hanger 20 in which is mounted the shaft 21 on the outer end of which is the arm 22 which is to be operated through the connecting linklS.

An upright arm 23 is rigidly fastened" centrally of "this shaft'21 and on its outer above the operating operating levers, as will hereafter be mentioned.

Grate frames.

Referring now to the grate frames that are to be mounted on the center and side rest bars it will be clearly seen from Fig. 1 that twelve are shown, two of which are rigidly mounted while the remainder are pivotally mounted and capable of being rocked to dump the fire as will later be described in detail.

It is also to be noted that the present grate comprises two complete series or units A and B, consisting of six frames each and as each unit is identical and has identical operating mechanism, a description of the one will suflice.

The tiltable grate frames 25 are rectangular in shape consisting of the side walls 27, the rear wall 28 and the front wall 29. The stationary grate frame 26 is slightly smaller and consists of the rear wall 28, front wall 29 and side walls 30. On each of the tilt able frames 25 there is shown a yoke 31 which is preferably cast integral with the frame and extends from the under surface from the front and rear walls. On the lower portion of this yoke is the lug 32 so that an operating bar may be secured thereto.

This yoke not only formsa member to which the operating bar may be conveniently secured but also greatly strengthens the en tire frame. The sidewalls 27 of each frame 25 are provided with cut out portions 33 on their under side to provide bearings so that the frames may be pivotally supported on the heretofore mentioned trunnions l0 and 13 of the side and center rest bars.

It is to he noticed that this bearing 3 is formed to one side of the center of th side walls.

Each of the tiltable frames 25 is provided on the inner surface of their rear walls with a small flange 34 that is slightly below the upper surface of the frame, while a flange 35 having a notch 35 is formed on the inner surface of the front wall of each frame, and in this instance the upper surface of the flange lies in a plane with the surface of the front wall.

The stationary frame .26 is also provided. with two similar flanges 36 and 37, in this in stance, however the position of the flanges being just reversed as the entire grate frame and all of its parts are in a reversed position to the tiltable frames.

The stationary frame is also provided with two hearings or cut out portions 38 on the under surface of each of its side walls so that this frame will be rigidly mounted on the aforementioned trunnions l2 and let of the center and side rest bars.

Each of the side walls 27 of the tiltable frames 25 is provided near its upper surface with the cut-outs or bearings 40 while the stationary frame has similar bearings 41 in the upper portion of its side walls, the purpose of the same being for the reception of means for supporting and operating the clinker breakers, which will be shortly described.

So that the rocking frames may be operated simultaneously, a bar i2 is shown which is connected to the lugs 32 on the yokes 31 and for operating this bar 42 there is provided a rod 4E3 connected thereto which e2;- tends through the aforementioned opening 15 and is connected to the lower end of a lever 44: which is freely mounted on the shaft 2]. as this lever 4A is to be operated manually.

Fire or grate barns.

As heretofore mentioned each of the grate frames is provided with a plurality of grate or fire bars 45 which extend slightly beyond the front and rear walls of the frames and rest thereon.

Fig. 9 shows in detail one of these 1 ire bars and it might be here mentioned, that the lire bars in both the stationary and tiltable frames are identical except to dimensions and that the stationary frame and the fire bars are in a position reversed to that of the rocking frame.

llach lire or grate bar is of relatively small transverse thickness (see Fig. i.) so that a number of them may be located in each frame. On the under portion of ti e bar are the two oppositely positioned depending lugs 46 and d7, lug 46 being notched as at 4-8 and lug 4-7 being notched as at 49. the bearing surfaces 50 extending out beyond the two lugs.

The purposes of these notches 48 and being to co-operate with the two flanges 1t and 55 on the inner surfaces of the front and rear walls of the grate frame.

As before mentioned the flange of each frame is provided with notch. so so that one end. of the fire or grate bar may be placed over this notch and the he bar drr oped in place the other end of the fire bar with the notch portion 48 being first placed below the flange 34. The bar is then moved transversely of the frame the two notches in the lugs co-operating with the aforementioned flanges thereby locking the fire bar in place so that it cannot become accidentally disengaged or dropped from the frames when moved to its rockeo posit-ion.

Two spacing lugs 51 are shown on the one side of the grate or fire bar which lugs are adapted to contact with the adjacent bar so that all of the bars will be in a slightly spaced relation to each other.

As shown in Fig. 5, at the opposite extremities of the if one, fire bars 52 are provided which are of approximately 'wice the thickness of the other fire bars. This is to provide means for preserving; the side walls of the frames from the heat, of course it is much easier and cheaper to supply even double thick lire bars than to provide a. whole new frame.

When one of these fire or grate bars be comes damaged or cracked in service, it should be knocked with a hammer from the frame and a new one inserted as heretofore explained.

By providing a plurality of these narrow fire bars the cost of replacing them is far less than the costof heavy ordinary form of grate bar.

CZe'nker breakers and their operating means.

For agitating or raking the fire bed and for preventingthe forming of clinkers and for breaking up the clinkers while still in molten state a plurality of clinker breakers 53 are used. Each clinker breaker consists of a body 54, a shank portion 55 and a head portion 55 disposed transversely of the shank as clearly shown in Fig. 10. The outer end of the shank is enlarged as at 56 and is provided wita a rectangular opening 57 having an entering slot 58. A boss 59 is provided around the opening to strengthen the clinker breaker at this point. The head 55' is curved or cut out along its one edge as at 60 so that when in its normal position in the grate frame, a space 61 (Fig. 2) will. be left between it and the lower edges of the two adjacent grate bars. This permits any ashes that collect on the edge 60 to fall there from and permits a circulation of the air between the clinker breaker and the fire bars which will tend to keep the clinker breaker in a cooler condition.

As will be seen in 10 the body portion extends downwardly as at 62 so that the distribution of the weight of the clin er breaker, will together with the way it is mounted, permit it to fall back to its nor mal position after being operated. Also by providing the clinker breaker with this downwardly extending portion it is impossible for the lower end of the clinker breaker to extend above the upper surface of the fire bars. which action would. cause the clinker breakers to jam with the coal or ashes of the fire bed and they could not be returned to their normal position. I

These clinker breakers are mounted on a shaft 63 which is provided with the trunnions 64: at its opposite ends (Fig. 5), which trunnions are designed to fit or rest within the afore mentioned bearings 40 of the tilti. ,esasav able frames 25 or in the bearings ll of the stationary frames 26. These rocker bars 63 each consist of a body or web 65 on which is formed the enlarged head 6", the shape of the head corresponding to the opening 57 in.

the clinker breaker and the thickness of the web 65 corresponding to the width of the entrance 58 of the clinker breaker so that the clinker breaker when once placed in position will be locked with relation to the rocker bar. The head (36 of each rocker bar is notched at two points as at 67 (see Fig. 1), so that the clinker breaker may be easily placed on the rocker bar and then moved transversely thereof to a locked position.

Should one of these clinkers breakers become broken or damaged by the heat it may also be knocked from the rocker bar-and a new one inserted and moved along to a desired position.

Any desired number of these clinker breakers may be used and inpractice I have found that one placed. between every three or four fire bars is sufiicient for a successful operation of the grate.

On the body portion 65 of the rocker'bar may be formed a strengthening lug 68 and cast integral therewith is an arm 69=having a pin '70 near its lower end so that a bar 71 may be conveniently connected thereto.

As will be seen this bar 71 connects with the arm 69 of each of the rocker bars 63 of the tiltable frames 25 so that when this bar '71 is operated it will rock every one of the rocker bars 63 simultaneously.

By providing the trunnions 64: and the pivotal points or bearings as heretofore mentioned in the frames, a movement of these rocker bars will cause the clinker breakers to assume the position, in the tiltable frames as shown in Fig. 6, that is, the heads 55 of the clinker breakers will extend above the surface of thefire bars and up into tne fire bed. A few operations at frequent intervals of these clinker breakers will keep the clinkers from forming and "thoroughly rake the fire.

For operating this bar 71 a further bar or rod 73 is connected thereto as clearly shown in Fig. 2, while the'r'ear end of this bar 73 is connected to the lever 74 mounted on the aforementioned shaft 21. This lever 7-1 will be engaged, when desired to operate the clinker breakers, by the aforementioned latch 2 f mounted on the arm In the stationary grate frame 26 there is also a rocker arm 75 similar to the rocker arm 63 except as to size, and on which there is mounted a plurality of similar clinker breakers 76. To operate this rocker arm and these clinker breakers a separate connecting rod 77 is shown which is connected at its rear end to the lever 78 which is also mounted on the aforementioned shaft 21.

it is to be noticed however, that the rocker arm and clinker breakers in this stationary frame operate in the opposite direction to those in the frames 25, the clinker brea s thus swinging towards the rear of the grate and towardsthe tiltable frame.

It is at this point at the front end that an ordinary grate generally becomes con l and chokes up the throat due to di from the the door and its inaccessibility. By using the above described means the throat may-be kept clean at all times, the cl nker breakers thoroughly raking the lire bed and breaking up the clinker-s at this point.

From the abovedescription it will be seen that when it is desired to rake or tate'the fire b'ed it is only necessary to move the lever 74- so that it is engaged by the latch member 24: which is mounted on the end of the arm 23 and admit the air or steam into the power operating means In the drawings 1 have not shown handle in connection with the lever 74 but one may of course be provided so that if it should become necessary to operate the clinker breakers by hand it could easily be done.

The movement of the above mentioned lever forwardly and rearwardly will cause a simultaneous movement of the rocker arms and the clinker breakers mounted thereon to extend or swing upwardly into the fire bed and again to their normal position, the upward movement thoroughly raking the fire bed and breaking up the molten clinkers. This operation of the clinker breakers should be carried out at frequent intervals so that the clinkers in the mean time will not have a chance to completely harden.

The other lever 78 will then be swung over and be engaged by the latch 24 and the power operating means again started so that the clinker breakers in the stationary frame operate, and in this instance they swinging on their upward movement towards the above mentioned clinker breakers.

When it is desired to drop or dump the fire it is only necessary for the fireman to operate the lever 44 which as remembered is connected through a rod and a bar to the yokes of all the tiltable frames.

A few movements of this lever causing all the tiltable frames to rock will. dump the fire in a relatively short time. The clinker breakers in the stationary grate then be operated if desired while the tiltable frames are in the rocked position which will entirely clean the grate.

As heretofore mentioned the grate consists of two complete units and the foregoing operations would of course apply to both series, or units.

From the foregoing it will be seen that grate possesses a numoer of advantages. e place the ,ire can be easily and pped or dumped, which is highly a locomotive Again, by the clinker breakers and their pport and operation the fire is nt of efficiency, as the fire ntinualiy raked and the broken up while in their molte o by having the stationary grate the fo ward end of the grate with positioned to swing i oi; the grate, the throat be kept in a clean condition whi h, s I am aware is not possible with the t-s installed in loco-motives today.

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Also the grate is one that is relatively both in cost and mainie only parts that are subjected re great heat are the relatively small inexpensive fire or grate bars which I be quickly renewed as necessary.

any slight changes may be made in the e or in the levers operating the dificnt p rts of the grate without in any way depart g from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having described the invention what is claimed is I 1. its gratelpomprislng a support, grate frames pivotaiiy mounted upon the support, means for rocking the grate frames simultaneously, bars detachably mounted upon the frames, clinker breakers pivotally mounted upon the grate frames and means for rocking the clinker breakers simul taneously.

it; grate comprising a support, grate .mes pivotally mounted upon the support, means for rocking the grate frames simultaneously, grate bars detachably mounted upon the frames, clinker breakers pivotally and detachably mounted upon the grate frames ano means for rocking the clinker breakers simultaneously.

ln a grate, a grate frame having spaced side portions, a yoke connected with the side g'iortions, rooting means connected with the yoke, fire bars detachably mounted upon the side portions and bridging the space between the side portions, said fire bars being; spaced from each other and clinker breakers supported upon the frames and lying in spaces between the fire bars.

ate comprising a support, a series rames pivotally mounted upon the support and normally lying in a plane inclined witi relation to a horizontal line, means for rocking the grate frames simultaneously, clinker breakers pivotally mount ed upon said grate frames, means for rock ins; the clinker breakers simultaneously toward the lower edge of the series of pivoted grate frames, a single grate frame mounted in a fixed )osition at the lower edge of the inclined grate frames, clinker breakers mounted upon the fixed grate frame and means for rocking the last mentioned clinker breakers toward the lower edge of the series of pivoted grate frames.

5. $1 grate comp ising a support, grate frames pivotally mounted thereon and lying in inclined position, grate bars mounted upon the tranfies, clinker breakers pivotally mounted upon the grate frame, means for rocking the clinker breakers simultaneously in a direction toward the lower sides of the grate frames, a single grate frame mounted in a position upon the support clinker breakers mounted upon the fixed grate frame and means. for rocking the last mentioned clinker breakers toward the lower side oi the lower pivotedgrate frame.

A grate comprising a support, grate frames pivotally mounted thereon and normally lying in inclined position, clinker breakers pivotally mounted upon said grate frames, means for rocking the dlinker breakers toward the lower sides of the grate irames,.a single grate framemounted in a

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