US1433843A - Heating and ventilating construction - Google Patents

Description

E. PEMBERTON. HEATING AND VENTILATING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICAHON FILED N0v.29, 1920.

1A3 3,84%, Patented Oct. 31, 1922.

Patented Oct. 31, 1922.

PArENrorr cn sienna rsmraaron, or nynnraan, eatrronnm.

HEATING AND VENTILATING CONSTRUCTION.

Application med November 29,, 192o. se n are. 427,252.

To all whom itm ay concern: j

Be t known that I, ELMER PEMBERTON,'3.

citizen of the United States, residing at Hyde Park, in the countycof Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Heating and Ventilating Constructions, of which the fol lowing isa specification.

This invention relates to a construction for effecting the ventilating of a room or rooms as well as the heating thereof, and

particularly pertains to a ventilating system of the open fire place type in which foul air is removed from a room and replaced by fresh air due to the natural flow of air which flow may be accelerated by .a suitable heat in --means,- and which flow may be caused to in uce other flows of air from remote oints without necessitating the heating of t e air coming from the remote point. r Anobject of this invention is to draw foul air adjacent the floor from the room and thereby create a tendency for fresh air to enter at any desired point about the room or adjoinnig rooms.

. Another object of the invention is to effect the ventilation of a. room by the use of an open fire place permitting the direct removal of foul air from remote points within the room or from other remote points without setting up a diversity of objectionable air. currents throughout the room, and preventing the coinmingling of fresh airwith the foul air present.

Another object ofthe invention is the conservation of heat required for producing the ventilating effect. I

A further ob'ect of the invention is to provide a chimney and open fire place and coating with each other as to create a tenda series of fines so arranged and communiency of upward fiow of air in the fines, and with the lower portion of the fines arranged to receive air from the lower portion of the room, and toprovide means for effecting the efficient removal of foul a-ir from the room 1 and which chimney and open fire place may be used with or without a heating agency ,in creating a draught therein.

Figure, 2 is' a View in horizontalsection as seen on the line 22 of Figure 1.

seen on the line 3 3 of Figure 1.

It is well known that the usual open fire place with a heating means therein is adapt-- ed to cause a natural flow of air, through a room even when no heat is being generated, and is particularly adapted to cause a rapid flow ofair when the heat isbeing generated.

Figure 3 is a view in vertical section as The usual construction, however, results in a definite line of fiowof air which flow begins at apoint wherethe fresh air enters the room and proceeds direct to the fire place causing eddies to be caused in the room and further causing much of the foul air to become stratified in the room withoutbeing driven out by the advancing fresh. air, thereby requiring the heating and displacement of large quantities of foul air and fresh air in order to remove the requisite amount of foul air andan objectionable draught ofcold air is caused to move along the floor. j

It is known that when air is heated it expands and becomes lighter in volume, and as it expands a difference in potentiallis created between the lighter warm air and the heavier cool .air bearing upon it resulting in the warm air beingset in motion. To move a given amount o f air by this method requires the expenditureof a definite amount of heat and it is obvious that when fresh, air and foul air are permitted to commingle large volumes of air must be set in motion in order to effect the removing of the foul air, requiring the expenditure of excess quantities of heat. The purpose of this invention is to obtain the benefits accruing from the open fire place, but to eliminate some of the objectionable features thereof by a construction that will efiect ventilation with or without heatvbeing generated, which mayalso be used forefiiciently heating a room when heat is desired or in which the generation of heat may be employed to facilitate the removal of air during warm weather without necessitating heating the room.

, 3 Referring tothe drawing, 5 indicates a space partially enclosed by an arch 6 and thehtwo sidewalls 7,. Gas burners 8 are shown situated within a casing 8' and have their head portions located in enclosures formed by housings 9 covered by an open grate 10. Air passages 11 pass through the sidewalls and leading therefrom are ducts,

air into the burners 'to support combustion.

of the fuel. A port or opening 13 is provided in the arch walland establishes communication with the smoke flue 14;, the

smoke flue being adapted to carry 0a the products of combustion. Battles 15 are provided in thearch and deflect some of the heated air into the room. An air duct 16 leads from a remote point or branches into other ducts. leading' from other remote point to the lower port on of the smoke flue l t. The chimney 17 is provided to which the smoke flue leads with two other flues 19 and 20 which open into the chimney at points 21 and 22 and these points'of juncture with the chimney'are so situated in relation to the smoke flue that an upward flow of air inthe smoke flue will produce an upward flow of air as well in the flues 19 and 20, these flues 19 and 20 having ducts 23 and 24 opening into their lower end; the duct 23 being provided for the purpose of conveying foul air from a remote point' oripoints and delivering it to the flue 20. The duct 2i communicates with the atmosphere and is adapted to carry cool air from the exterior of the room or building into the flue 1i and thereby lower the temperature of the contents of the chimney above the'points 21 and 22. This cool air duct may beprovided with a regulable means such as a damper '25Qto control the. amount of air flowing therethrough.

The operation is as follows: .lVhen the burners are lighted the heated products of combustioncrise and pass through the port and up to the flue, this inducesan upward flow of air in the flues'19 and 20 and thus the foul air is drawn through the ducts from the remote points and 'carried out through the chimney. Some of the heated air risi'ngfromthe" grate is drawn through theiair' passages 11 through the air ducts 12'l2 andcaused to pass through the burners by the suction. induced by the flow of gas throughthe burners, thus the burners are always supplied withisuperheated air resulting in a" higher temperature of the products of combustion causing these prodnets of combustion to rise more rapidly.

This superheating of the airserves' fto conserve the heat. The, air ducts may be; so proportioned that they will transmit to the burners a quantity of warm airronlysufiic ent to support combustion without supplying any extraneous/atmospheric air not needed for combustion. This willresult in high'temperature of the products ,of combustion resulting llrhlgll velocitythrough the flue thereby inducing the maximum suct on efi t 1 he dj n na es and" ai ducts.

on the adjoining flue.

produced The amount of air actually required to support combustion with the burners'is coinparatively small relative-t0 the quantity of air to be moved. The temperature resulting from the combustion of fuel and only such air as is needed for its complete combustion is" veryhigh and this value is increased by the fact that the ducts supply this limited portion-of air at a temperature above that of the surroundingatmosphere. A hightemperature of the fire may be thus maintained permitting a rapid removal of air with a quantity of heat only sufficient to effect the resulting ventilating without the necessity of heating the room; thus the system is particularly suited for drawing cool moist air into a room in warm weatherand by the proper distribution of the vent ducts various ventilation and air conditioning effects may be accomplished."

If it is desired to heat the room as well .as ventilateit more heat may be generated so that the products of combustion "rising from the fire arefdeflected by the bafil es and caused to radiate some of their heat to'the air in or adjacent to the fire place before said products pass into the flue; a portion or" the air thus warmed flowing out into the room to displace a portion of'thalt which is drawn into the ducts the inlets "of which are remote from the fire place:

' When such heat is' being generated and only small ventilating effect is requiredthe temperature of the gases reaching the chimney 17 will be high. Particularly when the outside air is cold the gaseson passing from the top of the chimney become suddenly chilled and cause a damping effect at the mouth of the chimney interferin with the easy'egress of the air causing moisture and carbon to be precipitated onthe" chimney top.

To overcome such conditions cold air is drawn. to the duct into the flue 20 and tendsto lower the-temperature ofthe chimney above the points 21 and 22 and prevent the objectionable hovering of air above the chimney top.- a i In the application of the; invention, the

salient features thereof are subject to being employedina room or'rooms or a building of various room arrangements and in adaptv ing the invention to dlifi re t' ConditiQ s such changes in the location and the number of elements may be made as occasion requires without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, one such construction described may be situated in one room or a building and caused to ventilate that room alone or adjoining room or rooms not adjoining, but communicating with the flues by the air duct; or one or more ducts may lead to various points in one room or to remote points in several, rooms and communicate with the vent flues, these ducts may be so placed in a room in relation to the air inlet as to cause any desired ventilating, or air conditioning effects such as ordinarily accrue from proper location of inlets and outlets.

I claim:

1. A ventilating system comprising an open fireplace partially surrounded by walls, an. inclosure situated in said fireplace, a heating element within said inclosure, air ducts leading from the upper portion of said open fireplace to said inclosure, a smoke flue communicating with said fireplace and adapted to carry oflf products of combustion, vent flues opening along with said smoke flue into a common chimney, said openings being so disposed in relation to each other and to the smoke flue opening that the upward rise of products of combustion in said smoke flue will induce a similar upward rise in said vent flues, and ducts leading from remote points and communicating with said vent flues.

2. A. ventilating system comprising an open fireplace partially surrounded by walls,

an inclosure situated in said fireplace a heating element within said inclosure, air ducts leading from the upper portion of said open fireplace to said inclosure, a smoke flue communicating with said fire place and adapted to carry oil products of combustion, vent flues opening along with said smoke flue into a. common chimney said openings so other and to the smoke flue opening whereby the upward rise of products of combustion in said smoke flue will induce a similar upward rise in said vent flues, ductsleading from remote points and communicating a ith said vent flues, and a cold air duct leading from the atmosphere to one of said flues and adapted to deliver cold air to said chimney to lower the temperature of the contents thereof before said contents are discharged.

disposed in relation to each vent flue; whereby the naturaltendency of the products of combustion to cause rapid rising to the said vent flue will promote removing the foul air from remote points.

in said smoke flue will. induce V 4 In a ventilating system, a heating element in combination with a flue opening into a suitable chimney to carry out products of combustion, air ducts leading from remote points in the room to the said smoke flue and adapted to conduct foul air from said remote points to said smoke fine, one or more vent flues opening into said chimney at a point so disposed in relation to the openings of said smoke flues that the upward flow of air and products of combustion in said smoke flues will induce a similar upward flow of air in said vent flues, and ducts leading to said vent flues from remote points whereby the rising products of combustion will promote the removing of foul air from remote points.

5. In a ventilating system, a heating element in combination with a flue opening into a suitable chimney to carry out products of combustion, air ducts leading from remote points .in the room to the said smoke flue and adapted to conduct foul air from said remote points to said smoke flue, one or more vent flues opening into said chimney at a.

point so disposed in relation to the openings of said smoke flues that the upward flow of air and products of combustion in said smoke flues will induce a similar upward flow of air in said vent flues, ducts leading to said vent flues from remote points whereby the rising products of combustion will promote the removing of foul air from remote points, and an air duct leading from the atmosphere to one of said flues and adapted to deliver cold air to said chimney at a point situated above the opening of the other of said flues whereby an upward flow occasioned in said smoke flue will induce foul air to be drawn from remote points and further induce cold atmospheric air to be drawn into the chimney to reduce the temcontents thereof.

perature of the V ELMER PEMBERTON.

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