US1431233A - Process of producing metal bodies - Google Patents

Description

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GEORG- ISING AND HEINRICH BOROFSKI, 0F BRUNSWICK, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS, BY

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE CHEMICAL IQUNDATION, INC., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

PROCESS 01F PRODUCING METAL BODIES.

No drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GEoRe' IsINe and HEINRICH BOROFSKI, citizens of the German Republic, residing at Brunswick, Adolfstrasse 33, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Process of Producing Metal Bodies, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to the art of producing metallic bodies and especially to the art of producing compound bodies of metals and admixtures. The object ofour invention is to provide an improved process of uniting metals with metals, or with admixtures having physical properties; that is, melting point, specific gravity, and so on, which are diverse from the corresponding physical properties of the particular metal with which the metal or the admixture is to be compounded. Hitherto, it was impossible, for instance, to produceby a fusing and casting action a metallic composition from aluminium and graphite powder in which the graphite particles would be uniformly embedded within the 'preponderating primary metal without, incidentally, materially reducing the co-eflicient of strength of the metal forming the base of the compound. Our present invention enables us to intimately unite substances of diverse nature and physical properties. The union obtained is equivalent to a welded compound body-that is free from defects, and the added substances are uniformly distributed and permanently and firmly embedded within the metallic constituent of the compound. To prevent a reduction of the strength of the compound body produced on account of the presence of oxides of the primary metal constituent, we deoxid ze the latter. The deoxidation may be carried out either prior to or during the process of unitin the different constituents of the compoun body. I

In accordance with our inventlon We are able to manufacture metals containing graphite which have-a low co-efficient of Application filed October 31, 1918. Serial No. 260,609.

instance, as is required for grinding or braklng purposes.

ur invention comprises transforming the metal to be subjected to the pressure into a state of plasticity by means of heat or high pressure, or a combination of heat and pressure, deoxidizing the metal and presslng the same into the desired shape. The

deoxidation may precede the said transformation of the metal into a plastic state or may be carried out simultaneously with said transformation.

Another feature of our inventlon conslsts in adding another metal, or a. non-metallic substance, to the deoxidation may, for instance, consist in the removal of the oxide film, whereupon we prevent the formation of a new oxide layer by providing a coveringv layer of carbonic acid gas or the like gaseous agent. Upon cooling the primary metal mass and simultaneously stirring into the same the substance to be added thereto we obtain the mass of the pulpy or'dough-like state which we call the state of plasticity While this state prevails pressure is applied, for instance, h draulically, whereby the metallic partic es are pressed together and, simultaneously, around the particles of the substance added.

II. We disintegrate the primary metal and the substance to be added thereto, and mix these constituents of the compound to he produced. We then deoxidize the particles of the primary metal, for instance, by means ofan acid or the like substance capable of a deoxidizing action. The thus treated mixture is transformed and-then subjecting the mixplastic' mass by means of heat or pressure and then deoxidized. The

intoa dough-like mass by, heat, and then subjected to pressure. The heat required to transform the disintegrated constituents of the compound to be produced may be derived from any external source of heat, or may be produced by increasing the pressure to such a degree that the heat generated there by incidentally produces the required state of lasticity.

ur novel process may also be applied for the production of pressed bodies from a metallic element or other metallic substance and involves the considerable advantage of enabling one to produce the desired result in but one operation, whereas the methods, as hitherto practised, require a repeated heating, mechanical treatment, and repressing of the metallic mass.

Instead of pressing the thus treated mass into an independent body of a desired shape we may press the same upon another body and incidentally unite both to a composite body.

The term reduced, as used in the specification and in the subjoined claims, indicates the procedure whereby a whole mass of the substance is rendered less compact, which enables portions thereof to be readily separated from the main mass, and which permits the formation of an intimate mixture of the various substances.

It of course will be understood that the illustrative embodiments of our invention above-described may be altered and varied within the scope of the subjoined claims.

We claim as our invention:

1. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, reducing the primary metal, intermixing therewith a reduced substance, deoxidizing the primary metal, heating the mixture until it becomes plastic, and subjecting the thus treated mass to pressure.

2. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, reducing the primary metal, intermixing therewith a reduced substance, deoxidizing the primary metal, covering said deoxidized mass with a protective layer of an inert gas to prevent reoxidation, heating the mixture until it becomes plastic, and subjecting the thus treated mass to pressure.

3. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, reducing the primary metal, intermixing therewith a reduced substance, removing from the metallic particles any film of oxide, heating the mixture until it becomes plastic, and subjecting the plastic mass to pressure.

4. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, reducing the primary metal, intermixing therewith a reduced substance, treating the metallic particles with a mineral acidto remove any oxide film, covering said deoxidized mass with a protective layer of an inert gas to said metal, and subjecting said deoxidized metal to pressure.

6. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, heating the metal until it becomes plastic, removing from said metal any oxide film, and subjecting said deoxidized metal to pressure.

7. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, heating the metal until it becomes plastic, deoxidizing said metal, covering the thus deoxidized metal with an atmosphere of an inert gas to prevent reoxidation, and subjecting said deoxidized metal 'to pressure.

8. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, heating the metal until it becomes plastic, deoxidizing said metal, covering the thus deoxidized metal with an atmosphere of carbon dioxide to prevent reoxidation, and subjecting said deoxidized metal to pressure.

9. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, heating the primary metal until it becomes plastic, deoxidizing the said metal, intermixing said primary metal with another substance, and subjecting the mixture to pressure.

10. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, heating the primary metaluntil it becomes plastic, deoxidizing said metal, covering the thus deoxidized metal with an atmosphere of an inert gas to prevent reoxidation, intermixing another substance with said primary metal, and subjecting the mixture to pressure. I

11. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, heating the primary metal until it becomes plastic, deoxidizing said metal, covering the thus deoxidized metal with an atmosphere of carbon dioxide to prevent reoxidation, intermixing another substance with said primary metal, and subjecting the mixture to pressure.

12. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, fusing the metal, deoxidizing the fused metal, cooling the deoxidized mass down to a state of plasticity, and subjecting the plastic mass to pressure.

13. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, fusing the metal, removing from the fused metal any film of oxide, cooling the thus deoxidized mass down to a state of plasticity, and subjecting the plastic mass to pressure.

14. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, fusing the metal, deoxidizing the fused metal, covering the thus deoxidized mass with an atmosphere of an inert gas to prevent reoxidation, cooling the deoxidized mass down to a state of plasticity, and subjecting the plastic mass to pressure.

15. A process for the production of metallic bodies which comprises, fusing the primary metal, deoxidizing the fused metal, cooling the deoxidized mass down to a stateof plasticity, intermixing with said primary metal another substance, and subjecting the mixture to pressure While in the plastic state.

16. A process for the production of metallic bodies Which comprises, fusing the primary metal, deoxidizing the fused meta-l, covering the thus deoxidized mass with an atmosphere of an inert gas to prevent reoxidation, cooling said deoxidized mass down to a state of plasticity, intermixing with said primary metal another substance, and subjecting the mixture to pressure while in the plastic state.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORG ISING. HEINRICH BOROFSKI. itnesses 'ILHELM LEHRKE, WILL-I F AHN.