US14307A - Dovetailing-machine - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARI DAVIS AND ASAHEL DAVIS, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

DOVETAILING-IVIACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 14,307', dated February 26, 1856.

land references thereon, constitute a lucid,

clear, and exact description of'the const-ruction and use of the same.

In referring to the drawings, Figure l denotes a plan or top view, Fig. 2, an end elevation of the same. Fig. 3, is a transverse and vertical section on line A, B, Fig. 1. Fig. t is a transverse, cent-ral, and vert-ical section on line C, D, through the cutter head b. Fig. 5 is a view of the joints of a box when put together, after being formed on structed, as seen at X isfitted so as to slide our machine.

Invention- The nature of our invention consists of the miter dovetailing machine hereafter described, which is so constructed that it may cut the bevels on both ends of the piece to be dovetailed, and form the groove and tongue therein, all at one operation; also, in being made so as to be ad-I justed to form any desired length of the pieces which are to be dovetailed by its operation, without any change of cutters used therein.

00n-stmcti0mTo render the construction of our machine easily performed by persons of competent skill, we will describe it as follows, in connection with the drawings:

`We construct an iron frame seen at A, A, to the top of this frame we secure two stationary tracks or ways seen at C, and E. To the frame A, is fitted the movable track or way seen at D, so that it can be slid backward and forward, and be secured in any desired position by means of the screw T, and groove in the side or end of the frame A, into which the screw T, projects, and fits when it is screwed up to hold the track D firmly in the desired position. To the top of the tracks C, E, and D we fit the carriage B after it has been properly constructed, of-

metal or other desired substance. To this carriage B is fitted the movable and adjustable slide seenl at F, so that it may be slid to any desired position on t-he top of, and with the track D, and secured in such position by the screw Gr. The slide F, is intended to be moved to correspond with, and rest upon the track D. The carriage B and its adjustable slide F is to receive, and carry the pieces of board which are to be dovetailed, they being held down by the hand of the operator while he is pushing the carriage B forward.

A stand or portion of the track C, is formed as seen 'at Z2 for receiving the anguvlar adjustable head seen at Y. This head vswings on the screw seen at X2 Fig. 3, t-he head Y being adjusted to exact nicety by turning the screw A2, which comes in contact with arm under it, which is fastened firmly to the stand Z2. A slot is formed in the head Y, as seen at Y2 Fig. 3 to receive the head of the bolt D2, and admit it to slide up and down with the sliding head stock X, and be regulated as to its height by the screw E2.

The sliding head, which is properly conin the swinging head Y by means of the nut W. To the sliding head X is fitted Athe shaft which carries the cutters U and V and the driving pulley seen at Z, around which the band S2 passes from the pulley R2 by which the cutters U and V are driven. It will be seen that the sliding head X is so set, and can be so adjusted that the cutter V which it carries, will bevel one end of the board as desired, while the cutter U, will cut or form the upper part of the dovetail, and the cutter H2 on another shaft will form the Aunder part of the dovetail in the wood W2,

as will hereafter be seen. We construct another head seen at ZJ, Fig. 4, and partly in each of the other figures. This head is supported by the projection Z2, and is so made as to slide in an outward angle on the ways seen at h, z, and to slide in an inward angle on 'the way seen at N2, it being held on the z., h, by the screws I2, J2, and nut f, this movement being governed by the screw o. The adjustability thus given by both movements answers to bring the cutter H2 in such position as to formv the lower part of t-he dovetail in an exact line with the upper part, which will be seen to be necessary to make a perfect joint.

The shaft G2 which carries the cutter H2 and pulley F2 is properly fitted so as to freely revolve in the head and is driven by the band T2 passing around the pulley F2 from the driving pulley R2. Ve construct a stand seen at I, which is firmly secured to the movable and adjustable track, or way D by the screws z', z'.

To the stand I, we lit the swinging head J, which swings on the screw L2, and can be adjusted to the desired angle by the screw S coming in contact with the projection M2 from the stand I. There must be a groove formed in the swinging head J, as seen at R. To this groove is fitted the angular movable and adjustable head carrying the cutters M and N, and pulley Q as seen at L, which can be slid up and down, to impart to it the proper adjustment so as to allow the cutters M, and N, to form the end of the wood V2 and the groove in the same so that it will receive the tongue of the adjoining piece and make a perfect joint at the same time the tongue is being formed on the opposite end of this piece W2, as will readily be seen. i

The shaft `which carries the pulley Q, and cutter M, is made of steel and at its upper end is formed a cutter as seen at N, which by being revolved with great rapidity will form a perfect groove in the wood, while the cutter M by reason of its peculiar construction will cut the piece being dovetailed, of the right bevel on the end of it, so that it will perfectly join with another piece which has been before dovetailed on our machine; the cutter N can be made larger or smaller, to form the groove larger or smaller as desired. rIhe pulley Q, and shaft carrying the cutters M and N are driven by the band V2 passing around the pulley Q and the elongated driving pulley P2, which is of sufcient length to allow the band V2 to be always around it when the head L is slid to either extreme scoped by the machine.

The pulleys P2, Q2 and R2 are all supported on the shaft which is suspended in the stands U2, U2, at the end of the frame A, A. Thus it will be seen that no change of cutters will ever be needed, but they will always remain the same, except that the head carrying the cutters M, and N can be slid back or forward to impart any desired length to the piece being dovetailed, essentially as set forth.

Operation-The operation of our machine consists in applying a suliicient moving power to the tight pulley Q2 to revolve the several cutters two thousand revolutions per minute, more or less if desired, in the direct-ion indicated by the arrows; then lay the board W2 upon the carriage B, and firmly hold it thereon by hand; then slide the carriage B along suflicient to carry the board being dovetailed, past the several cutters, of sufficient speed to allow the groove in one end, and tongue in the other end of the wood to be properly formed at one operation, as will readily be seen.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The arrangement and operation of the cutter heads X, b, and L, one movable and adjustable with the bar D which carries it, and the other stationary so as to bevel, and form the groove in one end of the wood, and bevel and form the tongue to t this groove on the opposite end of the wood, at one single operation, so as to complete the dovetailing of each piece, of any desired lengt-h without changing the cutters, essentially in the manner and for the purposes fully set forth.

2. We also claim the carriage B, or its mechanical equivalent, and its movable and adjustable slide F which carries the board being dovetailed, and which can be moved and adjusted, in conjunction with the bar, or way D and cutters thereon so as to give any desired length to the board, essentially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

ARI DAVIS. ASAHEL DAVIS. Witnesses:

D. P. Dow, E. W. Scor'r.

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