US1428675A - Trombone - Google Patents

Description

J. F. s. ALSCHAUSKY. I

TROMBONE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT.

Patenasepu 12,1922.v

Mr, 49A uw@ 2 SHEETSSHEEl I l L F. S. ALSCHAUSKY.

` TROMBONE; I Y APPLICATION FILED ocT. 21, 1920. 1,428,675, 1 Patentedsept. 12, 1922.,

2 SHEETS-SHEET ZI f q ,by 242.., hay, fgf

Patented Sept. 12, 1922.

UNITE D. STATES doser ERAN@SEMHNALSQHMISKY, OF Gavras@ NEARLEirziG. seaman.

'rnoivrnonn Applicationled October 21, 1920. Serial No. l15.8,*(509.

To aZZ 102mm t mag/concern; i w Be 1t known thatl, .Josnr` FRANZ SERAN ALscHAUsKY, a citizen off-'the German Bepublic, residing atI Gautzsch., near Leipzig, Germany, have invented: certain new` and useful Improvements in Trombones, of which'the following is a specication.

The B-.tenor trombones of. known construction present the inconvenience that with eXtreme extension of the instrument the playingot the same is. veny tatigzuing, the passage from one note. to. the otherA being rendered extremely diicult.

This4 inventionhas for its object, teilnprove the construction ofthe B-tenor trombone so that it is easier to play and the use of a separate upper alto-trombone .is rendered unnecessary. There vhave already become known trombones in which a` slide is inserted which consists of a valve tube whereby the trombone becomesadapted for the playing ot some lower tones. Vith the i insertion oit a sliding piece of this type the f tion the tubek of bone.

problem mentioned above cannot be` solved.

The solution of the problem consists in providing the trombone with a do-uble slide so that in place oi the slide` which has hitherto, been formed by two` long tubes connect ed' by a U-shaped., connecting piece. four shorter tubes are substituted connected by means ottwo U-shaped connecting pieces.

Fig. l shows` in elevation, partly in secthe improved B-.tenortronr Fig. 2 shows in elevation, on a smaller scale than Fig. l,the completeimproved B-tenor trombone.`

i Fig. 3 shows the key mechanism.

In t-he draw-ing: A designates the mouth piece. B, C, D and E designate the tour main tubes which form double slides, B being connected with E through the U-shaped slide F, and C being connected with D through the U-shapedslide G. lThe bell is arranged in the well known manner at H.

The device which has just been described represents a B-tenor trombone which is much shorter than the tenor trombones of the same type and of known construction.

The air flows from mouth piece A through tube B, the U-'shaped slide F, tube E, tube D, the U-shaped slide Gr, tube C and from there through the tube E, the bell tube as indicated in the drawing by the arrows drawn in 'full lines. In order to permit the use of this shorter B-tenor trombone (as an alto-trombonewhich in pitch 1s yhigher than the tenor trombone) a three portvalve V |is provided which can be actuated through a lever transmission a, band through thepressure plate J. It the pressure plate J is pressed in the direction of the I arrow e (shown in `dottedlinens) the'valve turns from theposition l shown in hatched lines, which corresponds with thel hereinbe fore described ilow of air of the B-tenor trombone, into the position H` indicated lin broken lines shutting oil the tube' D. The

f air current Hows now from mouthpieceA through tube B, U-shaped slide F, tube'E di- 1ectly into the bell H" in the direction of the arrowv X `(shown in brokenlines).` `The inner tubes C, D are thus shut'oii' as theyT arer not wanted for the `smaller alto instruf ment. At the one Ie`nd,e. g. atthe lower end of tube C according to the drawing, an"

air valve K is provided which, when the B-tenorY trombone' is being played, is rclosed through the arm d of the lever 5.' lf `howf` ever the instrument is -used as an altovtrom bone owing to the pressure, plate 'J'being pressed in 'the direction of sthe arrow .e

(shown in broken lines), the 4forked arln if releases `the air valve K andthe `air compressed in thetubes C and: D escapes when the tubes are pulled in, air being' admitted into the tubes @and D when-the same are being drawn out. This is necessary as oth-- yerwise the slides wouldv be braked when the. instrument isbeing played as alto trom-r bone. s y

The improved oc-taves from contra E to the`F`note of the fourth octave. The fundamental pitch of soy double slide trombone shown by Fig. 2 hasa range of over four they instrument is B but it can be altered tothe next higher fundamenta] pitch F by depression of the. plate of valve Y whereby the two inner tubes are out out.

By thiSf cuttingy out otthe two inner tubes the in? It for example a trom-v iio the range of pitch does not extend in the deep bass pitch beyond the large E. But when a trombonist has to play high tenorand alto-parts, which is very fatiguing he can,'by operating the valve, execute easily Without any fatigue all high parts, even those which do not exist on the old B-tenor trombone and with good lip power even up to the pitch range of the B-truinpet.

The middle pitchof the double trombone remains that of the usual B-tenor trombones and the valve is not required tor playing these tones.

The instrument combines three types of trombones: the bass-trombone, the tenortrombone and the alto-trombone.

The invention can also be applied to deep bass-trombones, it' these trombones are constructed in the fundamental pitch Es-'B (large octave) or F-C (large octave) or to contra trombones in B-F (contra octave). The manner of playing is the same as described.

In the form ot' construction of the trombone shown on Fig. 2 the length of the sliding tube is as follows: from l to Q 5S centimeters, from 2 to 3 60-6l centimeters, from 3b to t 54 centimeters, from 4 to 5 t9 centimeters and the bell tube in all TO-'Tfl centimeters.

It the parts of the instrument are at the position shown in Fig. 2 the pitch is high F. The two inner slides are idle and the air valve K is open.

' The advantages oi. the double extension trombone are as follows The playing of the higher notes is greatly facilitated for the lirst B-tenor trombonist. The alto-trombone, which has not a good sound, is no longer required for the playing -of the high pitched notes ditlicult to play and this is particularly agreeable as most trombonists do not like this instrument owing to its very small size and to its incom modious mout-h piece. The compass is enlarged in height and depth without any variation of the pitch and of the manner of playing the tenor slide. This enlargement of compass prevents undue exertion oi the lungs and reduces, owingl to the nai rower arrangement of the double tube, the technical diiculties of the deep positions from B to H and so on. A further advan-Y tage consists in a chromatic enlargement of the deep tones down to the deep pedal tones. Any player can play perfectly upon this double slide trombone from contra E or B to the Es or B note ot the fourth octave. The easier normal compass consists oit three octaves and ot' one fifth; the more diliicult compass with pedal tones consists oi 'tour octaves and of one fourth. (lhromatically the instrument contains lll easy and, besides these, ll more difficult tones. The manner in which the instrument is played is similar to the manner of playing the old tenor trombone only in the upper pitches from the "i note oit the third octave the position ofthe sliding tubes is modified from that oi" the B-tenor trombone to that oit the alto trombone.

l claim l. An improved trombone comprising in combination with the mouth piece and the bell tube, tour main tubes, two U-shaped slides connecting said tubes into an outer pair and an inner pair, a three port valve located to connect at will either an outer tube or an inner tube directly to the bell tube, and means tor' operating said valve so that the two inner main tubes are shut oil', the instrument being thus trans'tmmcd into an alto-trombone.

2. An improved trombone comlin'ising in combination with the mouth piece andthe bell tube, tour main tubes, two U-shaped slides connecting said tubes into an outer pair and an innerpair, a three port valve located to connect at will either an outer tube or an inner tube directly to the bell tube, and means Ytor operating said valve so that the two inner main tubes are shut off, the instrument being thus transformed into an alto-trombone, an air valve upon the inner side ot the second inner main tube counted from the bell tube, a forked lever system connecting said air valve with said three port valve, and a pressure plate for operating said fork-shaped lever.

ln testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence ot two Witnesses.

JOSEF FRANZ SERAFIN ALSCHUSKY. lVitnesses Dr. HIRBAR BERGER, ALBERT STRIGKERT.

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