US1421778A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July el,

Application filed April 28, 1921. Serial No. 465,183.

To all whom t may concern.:

Be it known that MAURICE J. HEALY, a citizen of the United States, residing at llest Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, has invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in boilers.

An important object of the invention is to provide a boiler which will possess the advantages of the Scotch marine boiler for volume, and the water tube boiler for rapid steam generation.

An important obj ect of the invention is to provide a boiler of the above mentioned character, which will be highly economical in the use of fuel.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for causing products of combustion, with or without added air, to be circulated through the units of the boiler or furnace, for effecting proper combustion of the fuel, and for consuming smoke, to a considerable extent.

A further object of the invention is to provide a blower, for effecting the circulation of the gases through the several units of the boiler, and adapted to discharge the gases or products of combustion into the smoke stack, or to partly or wholly return them to the iirst unit of the boiler, thus serving as a smoke consumer.

A. further object of the invention is to provide a furnace of the above mentioned character` which is reliable in operation and highly efficient.

@ther objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following description.

ln the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Fig. 1 is a front end elevation of a furnace embodying my invention, with parts broken away,

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line 2 2 of Figure 1,

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3 3 of Figure 1,

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken on line of Figure 1, and

Fig. 5 is a partly diagrammatic view of the two boiler units, illustrating the circulation of the products of combustion therethrough.

ln the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 10 designates the outer casing or shell of the boiler or furnace, which is shown of the Scotch marine boiler type. This shell 10 contains two separate tubular combustion chambers 11, which have no direct communication with the shell 10 or with each other. These combustion chambers 11 have rear vertical portions 12. Flues 13 lead into each rear vertical portion l2 and extend forwardly in a horizontal direction over the combustion chamber 11, and pass through the front wall lll of the shell 10, serving as a flue plate or head.

A horizontal air boi: or casing 15 is secured to the forward end of the shell 10, and this box has communication with the combustion chambers 11. These two combustion chambers would be placed in permanent communication, at their forward ends. by the air box 15, were it not for the provision of a blade or damper 1G, which is vertically pivoted within the central portion of the air box, between the forward ends of the combustion chambers 1 1. This blade or damper may serve to prevent any communication between the forward ends of these combusfon chambers 11, and may be partly opened, when desired, by means of a lever 17. extending to the exterior, The air box 15 is provided adjacent the forward end of each combustion chamber and upon one side of the damper 16, with a hinged door 18, which is normally closed. forming an air tight joint, which may be opened if desired. The door has openings 19 to admit air`v which may be covered by adjustable valves or slides 20, as shown. The door 18 is preferably provided with a tubular element Q1, upon which the valve Q0 may be pivo'ted` and a tubular burner 53', may be passed through this tubular pivot element.

Extending across the front end of the shell l0, is a smoke bor: 22, embodying a hinged door 23, normally held closed by clamps 24C. This smoke box has its ends leading directly into the sets of flues 13, and may serve to directly establish communication between these sets of flues, the passage of gas longitudinally through the smoke box, being controlled by a vertically pivoted plate or damper 25, which may be operated or moved by a handle or lever 26, extending to the exterior of the boiler.

The smoke box has connection with the smoke stack 27, such connection being controlled by a horizontally pivoted blade or damper 28, operated by the shank 29. A blade or damper is also pivoted in the stack 27, above the blade or damper 28. The numeral 31 designates a rotary blower, the discharge end of which leads into a flue or conduit 32, leading into one side of the stack 27, above the damper 28 and below the dainper 30. A return flue or conduit 33 leads from the opposite side of the stack 27, above the damper 28 and below the damper 30, and leads into the right end of the air box 15, Fig. 1, upon the outer side of a valve or damper 34, which is vertically pivoted and turned by a crank 35. The intake or suction side of the blower 31 is connected with a flue or conduit 36, leading into the left end of the air box 15, with a damper 37 controlling the communication, said damper being operated by a lever 38. The blower may have means to adjustably regulate the volume of fresh air supplied to the intake side thereof, in addition to the air or gases drawn into the same through the flue or conduit 36.

Arranged within each combustion cham- I ber 11 is a pair of horizontal drums 39 and L10, which are spaced, as shown. The forward ends of these drums are supported by saddles 41, while their ends are supported by shafts L12, or any other suitable means. Each drum embodies heads 43, connected by a longitudinal rod 44:, while the heads could ybe secure-d to the shell of the drum by any other suitable means. The Vtwo drums have l communication with each other by a plurality of curved or arched tubes, pipes or liues 15, leading into the drums upon the sides thereof. These arched tubes are arranged withinthe fire box and form an open longitudinal passage 46, as shown. Tater is supplied to the outer drum 39 through a pipe 46', equipped with a valve 4:7, and the heated water or steam passes from the drum 40 to a pipe 48, equipped with a valve L19. A branch pipe 51 is connected with the outlet si-de of the valve 49, and this branch pipe leads back into the interior of the shell 10, at the top of the fiues, to discharge the boiling water or steam therein. The steam is withdrawn from the shell 10 by any suitable Vto it passes into the passage 4:6. This burner or atomizer may beI of any well known or preferred type, but is preferably of the construction shown in my copending application for liquid fuel atomizer or burner, filed Nov. 8, 1921, Serial No. 513,841. This burner or atomizer embodies a T-coupling 55, for connection with a pipe 56, which leads to a source of oil, under suitable pressure. The volume of oil passing through the device is regulated by a valve turned by the handle 69. y

The burner-'53 is preferably of the same construction as the burner 53.

The operation of the boiler is as follows: As blower 31 is set in operation, a forward suction is created in the combustion chamber 11 to the left, Fig. 1, which suction is transmitted rearwardly through the flues to the left, through the smoke box 22, the damper 25 being partly open, and through the iues 13 to the right, ina forwardly direction and through the combustion chamber 11 to the right, in a rearwardly direction. The gases passing rearwardly through the combustion chamber 11 to the right may be air passing through to openings 19 or a mixture of air and smoke or other gases. There is sufficient air, however, to 'support combustion of the liquid fuel sprayed vfrom the burner or atomizer 53, to the right. The liquid fuel is thus ignited and combustion supported, and the products of combustion circulate forwardly through the flues to the right, and then rearwardly through the flues to the left, passing in proximity to the burner Vor atomizer to the left, for supporting combustion of thel fuel sprayed therefrom. The gases or products .of combustion now pass forwardly through theA combustion chamber 11 tothe left and into the flue 36, and theninto the intake side of the blower 31. These gases are then discharged from the intake side of the blower into the flue 32 and into the stack. If. the damper 30 is opened and the damper 28 closed, these products of'combustion may discharge out through the stack. By partlyY or wholly nclosing the damper 30, and suitably opening'the damper 3A, a part or all of these products of combustion will be returned back to the right end of the air box 15, and hence will be made to travel rearwardly through the combustion chamber 11, to the right, with or without additional air supply through the openings 19. The circulation of these gases is therefore repeated.

It is to be understood that the formof my invention herewith shown and described is ,to be taken yas a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of .the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

l. In a boiler, a shell, a plurality of combustion chambers in the shell, a corresponding number of sets of flues connected with the rear ends of the combustion chambers and extending to the forward end of said shell, a smoke box connecting said sets of fines, a stack connected with the smoke box, a damper to control communication between the smoke box and stack, an air box connecting said combustion chambers, a damper in the air box between the combustion chambers, a blower having its intake side connected with the air box, a flue connected with the outlet side of the blower and connected with said stack outwardly of said damper, and a second flue connected with said stack and with the opposite end of said air box.

2. In a boiler, a shell, a plurality of separate combustion chambers in the shell, a corresponding number of sets of fiues connected with the rear ends of the separate combustion chambers and extending to the forward end of said shell, a smoke box serving to connect the sets of flues at their forward ends, an air box connecting the forward ends of the combustion chambers, and means to withdraw gas from one end of the air box and force the same into the opposite end of the air box.

3. In a boiler, a shell, a plurality of separate combustion chambers in the shell, a corresponding number of sets of fiues con` nected with the rear ends of the combustion chambers and extending forwardly therefrom, a smoke box connecting the forward ends of said sets of flues, a stack, an air box connecting the forward ends of said combustion chambers, a damper within the air box between said combustion chambers, a blower having its intake end connected with one end of the air box, a flue connected with the outlet side of the blower and connected with said stack, a damper in the stack above said flue, and a return flue connected with the stack and with the opposite end of said air box.

4C. In a boiler, a shell, a plurality of separate combustion chambers in the shell, a correspondingnumber of sets of iiues connected with the ends of the combustion chambers, a smoke box connecting the opposite ends of said sets of fines, an air box connecting said combustion chambers, a damper in the air box between the combustion chambers, a blower having its intake end connected with one end of the air box, a flue connected with the outlet end of the blower and leading into the opposite end of the air box.

5. In a boiler, a shell, a plurality of combustion chambers therein, a corresponding number of sets of lines within the shell connected with the ends of the combustion chambers, a smoke box connecting said sets of flues, a damper in the smoke box between the sets of flues, an air box connecting said combustion chambers, a damper in the air box between the combustion chambers, a stack connected with the smoke box, a lower damper in the stack, an upper damper in the stack, a blower having its intake end connected` with one end of the air box, a flue connected with the outlet end of the blower and with the stack between the upper and lower dampers, and a flue Connected with the stack between the upper and lower dampers and with the opposite end of the air box.

6. In a boiler, a shell, a plurality of combustion chambers extending longitudinally therein, a corresponding number of sets of flues extending longitudinally within the shell and having their rear ends connected with the combustion chambers, means for spraying fuel into the combustion chambers, a smoke box connecting said sets of flues, a damperin the smoke box between the ues, an air box connecting said combustion chambers, a damper in the air box between the combustion chambers, a rotary blower connected with one end of the air box, and a flue connected with the outer side of the blower and with the opposite end of the air box.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

Mannion J. HEALY.

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