US1419436A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

GEORGE W; WRIGHT, F LOS ANGELES, CAMEQRNXA.

agrarias.

Speciication of Lettersatent. Paitgmdl Jun@ lg, 11922 .application mea April a5, real.A serial No. reame.

T all whom t may concer/1,.' y

Be it known that I, GEORGE fw. WRIGHT, a citizen of the United States, residingin Los Angeles, county of Los Angeles, State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has to do with a pump and more particularly with a well pump of the .general type used in oil wells, etc-and an object of the invention is to provide .improvements in a pump of this character such as will render it veifiective and durable.

1n pumping oil from wells great difficulty is experienced in keeping the working parts of the pumps in good operating condition and in keeping thev plungers of the pumps packed so that the pumps will be effective. These diiiculties are due mainly by the working parts becoming quickly worn by sand and gritty substances Operating under great pressure; or parts of the pump being sprung or strained beyond the point that the constructionwill stand; but more particularly to the absence of means for effectively and properly renewing andkeeping packing at the necessary parts.

A particular feature of the present invention,is. the provision of a pump which will operate in a well under ordinary working conditions without parts becomingl excessively` worn or scored. 'llheinvention provides a pump structure wherein certain of the parts are self centering and are not rigidly and immovably arranged. 1t strains come upon the` llunger to temporarily flex it slightly out @Fshape the packing through which it is operating conforms thereto and will not bind on it to cause freezing of the pump or injury to its parts.

A' distinctiveA feature of the invention is the provision of means for the storage of reserve 4packing away from contact with the plunger, and. 'forkeeping the operative packing eiectively on ythe plunger. By the linvention the packing is kept under uniform pressure along the plunger, thereby causing it to wear evenly and uniformly, and upon wearing of the packing new packing is fed into place s0 that the joint is properly maintained.

The various objects and features of the invention will be best and more fully understood fromv the following detailed description of a specific preferred embodiment of the invention throughout which reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Fig. 1 is a view of the pump provided by vthe present invention, showing it as it would appear in the typical well casing.; Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail sectional View of the upper portion, or halt', of the pump; and F ig. 3 is an enlarged detailed sectional view similar to Fig. 2 of the lower portion, or half,of the pump.

Throughout the drawings numeral desi ates 'a well casing in :which is arranged t e pump 11. The pump 11 is carried at the lower end of a tube 12 and is adapted to be operated by a sucker rod 13. The pump 1'1 comprises, generally, a pump barrel la, a plunger 15 carried in the pump barrel 1a by suitable packing, a casing 16 mounted at the lower end of the pump barrel 14 to form a pump chamber, and suitable inlet and discharge valves. The pump barrel 14 `is carried or supported by the tube 12, while the plunger 15 is supported or carried by the sucker rod 13. The flowered into the casing 10 by lowerin of the tube 12 and sucker rod 13 is adapte to be operated by u anddown movement of the sucker rod. l hen the sucker rod 13 lis at the upper end of its movement, or stroke, the plunger 15 is ,at the upper end of its stroke, or, is in the position shown in lB ig. 1 of the drawings. "With the plunger at the upper end 0f its stroke the sucker rod socket 17. which connects the plunger 15 and sucker rod 13,'is at, or near, the extreme upper end of the pump barrel, or is in the vicinity of the coupling 18 which v`connects the uppermost sections 19 ofthe pum barrel with the tube 12, While the lower en of the plunger is at, or close to. the lower end of the pump barrel. or is near the point of connection between tlie lower end of the pump barrel and casing 16. `When the sucker rod 13 is at the lower end of its movement, or stroke,

`the plunger 15 is at the lower end of its stroke and the sucker rod socket 17 is at the lower end of the section 19, or is near the coupling 20 which connects the sections 19 and 21 of the pump b arrel` while the lower end of the plunger 15 is at, or near,

the lower endet the casing 16. The intake valve 22 of the 'pump is mounted in the pump is adapted to beI lower end of the casing 16,-,while the discharge valve 23 is mounted in the lower end of the plunger Upward movement of the plunger 15 causes liquid standing in the casing 1() to be drawn into the casing 16 through the intake valve 22, while downward movement of the plunger 15 causes the liquid previously drawn into the casing 16 to enter the plunger 15 through valve 23, and thereby causes liquid previously admitted into the plunger 15 to be carried upwardly in the plunger 15 and forced out of the well through the tube 12..

The structure hereinsofar described is more or less common to, or typical of, pumps of this general character and is herein set forth principally'for the purpose of illustrating a form or type of `pump in which the present invention is adapted to be embodied. The invention relates more specifically to the packing means within the barrel 14 which allows free reciprocatory lmovement of' the plunger 15v in the manner above described at the same time sealin or completely separating the upper portion of the pump barrel and tube 12 from the casing 16 'i so that there is no flow of air or liquid between the casing 16 and upper end of the barrel 14 except through the plunger 15.

The pump barrel 14 comprises a plurality of sections 19. 21, 24, 25, 26 and 27 connected by vsuitable couplings 18, 20, 28, 29, 30 and 31. The plunger 15 is a straight continuous cylindrical member considerably smaller in diameter than the sections of' the barrel so as to fit within the barrel with considerable clearance. The uppermost section '19 ot the barrel is considerably longer than any of' the other sections and is provided pri-v marily to form a chamber or space for the sucker rodsocket 17 toobe carried in. rThe section 19 and the casing 16 are of practically the same length and are sufficiently long to accommodate the length of stroke of the plunger.

The packing for the plunger commences at the coupling 2() and continues downwardly through the barrel to its extreme lower end. rlhe coupling 20 is formed with an inwardly extending flange 32 adapted to be between the ends of the sections 19 and 21 and formed' `with an opening or bore 33 adapted to more or less accurately fit ,the

plunger'1'5. "The plungerl preferably fitsv the bore 33 with working clearance, that is, tightly enough so that sand or foreign matter will not pass betweenA the plunger and fiange and loosely enough so that the plunger cannot, or will not, jam `or become gripped inthe. bore. The lower surface or side34 of the flange 32 extends straight inwardly from the main portion ofthe coupling to the plunger while the upper side 35 extends upwardly and inwardly from themain portion of the coupling 20 to the pluntareas@ ;from the plunger and the joint between the plunger, and the flange' and thereby minimizes the possibility of sandentering'between the plunger and the flange.

A metal ring 36 is arranged in the barrel section 21 below the flange 23, and rings 'of hard packing 37, preferably of leather, are arranged between the flange 32 and the metal ring 36. In 'practice it has been foundy that leather can be advantageously used as the packing 37. The ring 36 fits moreor less freely in the lsection -V21 and carries a sleeve 38I which fits 'around the plunger 15 with working clearanceand extends considerable distancedownwardly from the ring 36, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. rlhe ring'36 pressed tightly against the packing 37 by a compression spring 39 arranged in the space 40 formed between the section 21 and the sleeve 38. The lower end of the compression 'spring seats on` a ring 41 preferably of leather, which bears against, or is carried on, the upper end l lof reserve packing 42 carried between the tween the section 24 and the plunger 15, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.y Fronnspection of the drawings it will be noted that the section 24 has a portion`4'45 extending inwardly toward the plunger and havinga portion fitting more or less accurately or closely around the plunger 15 and that the upper` side or surface 46 of thel portion 45 is curved so that the space between it and the yplunger narrows from the point where the portion 45 begins, yto the point where it engages the plunger. this particular construction shown in the drawings the portion 4 5 actually begins at the extreme upper end of the section. From inspection of the drawings is just below the end of the sleeve 38 and bel it will be seen that the lower end ot the release .of thecompression spring 39. As the -operative packing 43, between'the lower end of- 4inner wall 46 of portion 45. As will be noted from the drawings, the surface 46 of the'portion 45iscurved gradually between the upper end of the section and the middle portion thereof, and forms no cornersor pockets in which the packing can lodge or be caught so that it will not be properly fed to the plunger in the manner above described. In practiceit has been found that good results are had when the wall 46 is curved substantially as shown in the drawings and that satisfactory results cannot be obtained if the wall 46 is merely slightly tapered at the upper end portion and sharply curved at the lower end portion.

In operation, the spring 39 causes the packing 37 to be tightly held between the ring 36 and flange 32, and holds the ring 41 tightly against the reserve packing 42 causing the operative packing 43 to be held in pressure engagement with the plunger 15. The formation of the openingwhich carries the packing, that. is the size of the opening and also the shape of the walls of the opening, is such as to cause the operative portion 43 of the packing to bear against the plunger 15 with uniform pressure at all parts and causes the reserve packing to effectively take the place of the operative packing as it is worn away so that an eHectivejoint is maintained. ln practice when the pump is assembled the space 40 in which the spring 39 is carried is filled with oil so that the packings will be kept soft and pliable and so that the plunger will be kept pro erly lubricated. rlhe ring 36 in fitting free in the section ,21 allows the sleeve 38. whic fits more or less accurately 'around the plunger 15, to be self-centering relative to the plunger.` The ring 36 being supported between the spr/ing 39 and the packing 37 allows more or less. tilting movement of the sleeve 38' and thereby allows the sleeve 38 to have endwise tiltingy movement `.in the event that the plunger 15 is temporarily flexed out of 'alinement ln other words, the mounting of the ring 36 and the fitting of the ring 36 and sleeve 38 is such as to allowk the sleeve 38 more lorless universal move ment so that it will not pinch or bind on the plunger underany ordinary operating coni ditions. lin practice', the plunger 15 is more or less continuously subjected to tempbrarily deformation or'flexture due to the shock and vibration set up by the action ofthe pump.

ra hard packing Deformation or flexture of this character is not injurious -to short bearings such as are provided by theflange 32 and by the portion 45 but they are injurious to long vbearing parts such as are afforded by the sleeve 38.- However, when the long bearing parts are supported in the manner provided by this invention they will move with, or be carried by, the Iplunger sufiiciently to prevent binding or other injurious action.

In accordance with the present invention the surface 46a at the lower side of the portion 45 extends from that portion ofi' the portion 45 which engages the plunger to the extreme lower end of the section 24 and corresponds in 'curvature to the surfacev 46. Packing 50, similar to the packing 43, is carried `between the surface 46n and the plunger and is in connection with the reserve packing 42a carried between the upper end portion of a sleeve 53, similar to the sleeve 38,l

and the section 25. The sleeve 53 extends u wardly from a ring 52, similar to the ring v36, while the reserve packing is adapted to be fed upwardlyto replace the operative packing() by a compression spring 54 arranged in space 40a to engage ring 41a and ring 52. `'llhe ring 52 is carried on pack- 5 ing 51' 'which engagesa flange 55, which extends inwardly from the coupling 30. From inspection of the drawing it will be seen that the arrangement and proportioning of the parts just described are substantially the same as that of the parts between the portion 45 and the flange 32except that they` are in inverted relation or arrangement. The action of the parts just described is the same as that of the parts first described.

Y At the underside of the flange 55 there is 57 like the hard packings 37 and.51, hel against the flange 55 byv a ring 58, like the'rings 3,6 and 52, pressed upwardly/by spring `59, like springs 39 and 54. The ring 58 carries a downwardly extending sleeve 60, while the spring 59 presses downwardly on reserve packing 6l which is continuous with operative packing 62 carried between the plunger 15 and theinner wall 63 ofthe portion 45a of section 2,7. The packing apparatus between the fiange 55 and the section 27 is identical in all respects with that between theJ flange 32 and portion 45 of section 24.

From the foregoing description it will be understood how there are preferably three distinct sets of softl packings, two fed downwardly by spring-action and'one fed upwardly by spring action, and it'will be understood how each of the parkings operates in the same manner.

1n practice this arrangement of pdckings herein set forth is particularly effective and durable. Liquid or air to leak past the plunger and barrel must pass the flange 32. the hard packing 37, the packing 43, the

portion .45, the packing 50, the hard pack' v obvious that such leakage is practically impossible if the various parts just enumerated are in proper working condition. By the construction and arrangement provided by the invention the necessary parts will operate properly and effectively when in good condition and will remain in good operative condition for a long period of time under ordinary working conditions. I-Iaving set forth only a preferred embodiment of my invention I do not wish to specifically limit myself to the details hereinset forth 'but wlsh to reserve to myself any changes or modifications which may appear to those. skilled in the art or which may fall within the scope of the following claims.

Having described'a preferred form of myv invention, I claim:

' 1. In a pump of the character described embodying a barrel and a plunger therein, packing means between vthe barrel and plunger comprising, a' stationary member carried by the barrel between it and the plunger, a yring around the plunger and within the barrel, packing around the plunger between the stationary member and the ring, an extension on the ring extend Aing4 around the plunger and through the barrel, active packing around the plunger beyond the end of the extension, reserye packing around the extensionand adjacent to the active packing, and means between l the extension and the'barrel to press the ring against the first mentioned packing and to press the reserve packing toward the active packing.

2. lIn a pump of the character described embodying a barrel anda plunger therein,

packing means between the plungerand the .barrel comprising, an inwardly extend-` ing member on the barrel, a ring around the plunger within the barrel, said ring fitting the barrel ',and plunger with clearance,

packing between the barrel andthe plunger l y and between the inwardly extending member and the ring, a sleeve like extension on packing around the plunger between the end of the extension and said part, reserve packing around the end portion of the extension and continuous with the active packing, and a spring at Athe extension and under compression between the ring and-. reserve packing.

B In a pump of the character described embodying a barrel and a plunger therein, packing means between the plunger andthe lbarrel comprising a flange extending in-` the ring extending around the plunger and through the barrel, a vpart on, the barrel"` beyond the end of thel extension extend ing inwardly toward the' plunger, actlve release and the plunger and between the iiange and 'the ring, a sleeve extending from the ring through the barrel and around the plunger,

the sleeve fitting this plunger with'working clearance, an inwardly extending portion on the barrelbeyond the end ofthe sleeve shaped so thatfthe space between it and 4plunger decreases in width from the end of the sleeve to a point where said portion fits the plunger with working clearance, active packing, in said space, reserve packing around the end portion of the sleeve continuous with the active packing and adapted to replace the active packing, and a compression spring around the sleeve and between the ring and the 'reserve packing.

4L. In a pump of the character described embodying a barrel and a vplunger therein, packing means between the vbarrel and plunger comprising a sleeve fitting around the plunger with working. clearance and 'within the barrel with substantial clearance, an inwardly extending part on the 'where' said part fits the plunger with working clearance, rpacking between the sleeve and the barrell andextending between said part and the plunger, land means for feeding the packing from between the sleeve and thebarrel to replace packing worn away the plunger. i

5. 'Ine pump of the" character described embodylng a barrel` and a .plunger therein,

,packing means between? the barrel and plunger comprising :a Ysleeve fitting around the vplunger with working clearance and within the barrel with substantial clear-y ance, means for yieldingly `holding the sleeve stationar inwardly exten ing part on the barrel', said part at a poiritrimrnediately beyond Vone end' "of thesleeve and being shaped .so that the space between it andthe plunger decreases in width in a direction away from l the sleeve to a point where said part fits the plunger with workin clearance, packing between the sleeve an the barrel and extending between vsaid part and the plunger,

and a spring around the -sleeveto feed- 'the packingfvfrom jbetween the sleeve and the barrel 'toreplace packing worn away by the plunger." l f 6. In a ,pump ofthel character described embodying a barrel and a plunger therein,

packing means. .between the barrel and plunger` comprislng a sleeve fitting. the

lio

relative to the barrel, an

plungerl with werking clearance and the 130.

barrel with substantial eeranee, a part extendinlgnwardy from the barrel to the plunger ut u boint spaced from yone end of the sleeve. active packing around the plunger between the end of the Sleeve zind Suhl pzut. reserve packing around the sleeve and adjacent the active packing. and means for feeding the reserve packing to take the place of the active packing as it Wears away.

In witness that I Claim the foregoing have hereunto subscribed my name this 26th day ot' October, 1920.

GEORGE YV. VRGHT. Witness:

VIRGINIA BERINGER.

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