US1419393A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

R. 1. LOZON.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FIL'ED FE.1|. 1920.

1941928939 Patented June E3, wzl

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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R. J. LOZON.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. II, 1920.

l A l 9, 393 I Patented J une 13, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. the tumblers;

narran santas RAMON J'. LOZON, 0F CHICAGO,

castes.

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 KING LOCK COMPANY, OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

LOCK.

aaiasss.

Application led February 11, 1920. Serial No. 357,766.

T 0 all whom t may concern Be it known that I, RAMON J. LozoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a description.

My invention relates to that general class of devices known as locks, and more particularly that type known as plate tumbler locks. The invention has among its objects the production of a device of the kind described that is simple, convenient, durable, compact, efficient, attractive and satisfactory for use wherever found applicable. The invention has among its further objects the production of a lock which cannot be easily picked or operated without its key, and also a lock which may be economically manufactured and assembled. Many-other objects and advantages ofthe construction herein shown and described will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein given.

To this end my' invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and'described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like or corresponding parts,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the lock;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the casing, the plug and tumbler shown in elevation;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view and side elevation taken substantially on line 4-4 o Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 1s a sectional view taken substantially on line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 6 6 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 7-7 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is a sectional, view taken substantially on line 8-8 of Fig.- 3;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 9-9 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 5, showing the key withdrawn; y

Fig. 11 is a view n elevation of one of vand material, and

f withdrawn.

tumblers 15, which may Fig. 12 is a similar view of another tumbler; and

Fig. 13 is a section view similar to Fig. 8 showing a modiied construction.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a casing of the desired size, shape or design constructed in any suitable manner, within which is arranged a plug 2, which is preferably made in a plurality of sections, as shown two, secured together by a collar 3 or equivalent means for the purpose. The plug is preferably milled or otherwise formed with a key-way for the key shank 4. Any suitable means may be provided for operatively connecting the plug with a lock bar or bolt or the equivalent, it being imma terial as to whether the connecting means is at the front or rear end of the plug or an intermediate point. In the construction shown, I have secured a plate 5 arranged at the rear end of the plug, and provided with a lug 6 arranged to cooperate with a locking bar or bolt 7, it being understood that the particular mechanism operated or controlled by the plug, or where installed, is immaterial in s0 far as the present invention is conce1-ned. In the lparticular case illustrated, the plate 5 is secured to the plug and maintains the parts 2-2 together at the inner end.

The casing 1 is preferably formed with grooves 11 and 12 on opposite sides of the same at the interior. Carried in the plug or barrel 2 are the desired number of tumblers, which are of lengths to be confined within the plug but movable lengthwise in the plug so as to engage with one or the other of the slots 11 and 12, as shown, when the key is The tumblers, as most clearly shown in Fig. 8, are of lengths to be con-fined entirely within the plug when the key is inserted, and I have shown a plurality of series of tumblers 14, 15 and 16. As shown, the plug is milled or otherwise cut away to form the slots or openings 17,-18 and 19, the tumblers being of a width to closely tit the slots at the sides. I have shown the series separated by projecting parts 20. The advantage of making a plurality of series of tumblers with one or more in a series, is that the same may be modified so that the lock may not be easily picked. I have shown a number of plate tumblers 14 and several be made of thin sheet steel and stamped out or manufactured foration 21 of a size to closely fit the edges `of the key, but .ordinarily with a clearance on `each side. The key in the construction shown is preferably formed with the grooves and ridges 23 and 24, so as to fit the'irregular shaped key-way. It will be noted by referring to Fig. 6 that the tumblers 15 are provided with a somewhat longer opening or perforation than the tumblers 14 and 16, the key being slightly wider at this point, as indicated at 22.

As before mentioned, l prefer to provide means for positively controlling aportion of the tumblers, as shownftumbler 16. For this purpose l provide a spring 27 or the equivalent. ln the construction shown, l cut away a portion of the plug at one side, as indicated at 25-26, and insert a spring 27, which is preferably coiled with one end engaging in the opening 28 and the other end extended into the opening 25 and through an opening 29 in the tumbler. rllfhis being the rear tumbler, it is extremely difficult to Inanipulate the same except with the proper key. l have shown the tumblers 14 and 15 cut away-at the sides (see Fig. 12), as indicated at 30, so as to clear the spring or member27 and drop by gravity when the key is withdrawn. Obviously, however, it may be so arranged that any one or more of the tumblers in addition to the tumbler 16 may be controlled similar to tumbler 16.

With some types of locks it has been possible to manipulate the tumblers with a suitable tool or instrument other than the key, particularly if a turning pressurea was at the same time applied to the plug, tending to turn the same so that the tumblers would bind and not slip back into engaging operative positions, and might gradually be forced into the plug. With my preferred.

form of lock, movement of the tumblers to their position within the plug is prevented, except when the proper key is inserted and no turning pressure applied to the key unltil the tumblers have been completely retracted or retrieved to their inoperative position. Any'suitable means may be provided for locking the movement of the tumblers against retraction upon a turning movement 'of the plug simultaneously with the aligning of thetumbler's. As shown, I cut a portion of the casing at the grooves 11 and 12 as indicated at 32, so that there is a projecting art 33 at each side, the same being spaced om each other a distance equal tothe width ofthe tumbler. The same is preferably cut described. The tumblers have a portion of v the edges, as at 37, of suiiicient length to afford a bearing in the plug and casing.

The operation of the lock when a key is in serted is obvious. Before the insertion of the key the tumblers are substantially in the positions shown in Fig. 10 or in equivalent positions, so that the same are engaging with the casing in one or the other of the grooves 11 or 12. Upon inserting the key (see Fig. 6), the key shifts the tumblers back and forth so as to align them at the ends when the key is fully inserted. The key may then be turned, and through the plate 5 and lug 6 or their equivalent, shift the bolt 7. lf an unauthorized person without a key endeavors to manipulate or pick the lock, he may use an, unauthorized key, but ordinarily it is difficult, if not impossible, to produce a duplicate key without having the authorized key for a pattern. Generally in tampering with locks, the person picking the same inserts a tool of suitable size and shape into the key-way and manipulates the tumblers regardless -of whether the same are pin or plate tumblers, so that the same are aligned, releasing the plug and permitting its turning. ln so manipulating the tumblers with a tool, the prowler may slightly turn the barrel yregardless of the type of lock, whether plate or pin tumblers, so that whenv he works his tool toactuate the tum.- blers, the friction or pinching of the tumbler at the puncture of the barrel and casing will have a tendency to temporarily retain the tumblers until he has succeeded in aligning them, after which the plug may be turned. With the present lock, it is necessary to manipulate a portion of the tumblers in one direction and a portion in the. other, making it somewhat diilicult to secure an alignment, but if pressure is applied by turning the plug so as to bind the tumblers and retain them until all have been aligned, applying such pressure will cause the tumblers to be positively locked. against a retrieving movement. As most clearly shown in Fig. 9 in the dotted lines, if there is any slight turningor application of pressure to turn the plug when the tumbler is in its operative locking position, as indicated by the dotted lines, upon attempting to move the tumbler lengthwise into the plug, the face 35 will engage with the point 34, thereby positively preventing movement of the tummay be any number, it is necessary to manipulate the tumblers in opposite directionsv possible, by giving him a complete view of however, for use on automobiles the position of the parts.

In the construction shown in Fig. 13, an equivalent construction consists in a casing 38 arranged to receive the plug 39 carrying the tumblers 40. With this particular construction the casing is formed with recesses 41 and the tumblers with prongs42. With.

this type, while the tumbler may be easily retrieved or retracted by the proper key, if it is attempted to `retrieve the same with a picking tool,'or by picking and applying pressure to the plug, the prongs 42 will engage in one or the otherot the recesses 41, thereby locking the tumblers against movement.

l have not considered it necessary to describe all of the possible uses of the particular lock mechanism shown and described or complete locks, as lockunits of this type are well known, and the application of the same may be made wherever the lock is desired. The lock is particularly desirable, lockers, cabinets, desks, padlocks and the like, where a safe and non-pickable lock is desired.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that various immaterial modiications may be made in the same without departing from the spirit of my invention; hence l do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form, construction, arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described or uses mentioned.

l/V hat ll claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

lln a key-controlled lock, the combination of a suitable casing, a cylindrical barrel rotatably arranged therein, a plurality of tumbler plates carried by and transversely movable through said barrel into engagement with the casing upon thewithdrawal of the key, whereby the barrel will be locked against rotation, said tumbler plates being provided with keyways therethrough of varied sizes, and interengaging means between the casing and the plates whereby the plates will be locked against movement upon a simultaneous lengthwise movement of the plates and rotation of the barrel, comprising arcuate, circumferentially extending shoulders on the plates and co-operating overhanging, arcuate lugs on the casing tor positively engaging the plates at said shoulders, and spring means for moving a portion of said tumbler plates into operative engagement with the casing independently of the key, the others of said tumbler plates being gravity controlled, whereby the withdrawal of the key will move the tumbler plates comprising said portion in a direction opposite to that of the casing engaging movement of the remaining tumbler plates.

ln testimony whereof, l have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RAMGN J. LOZON.

Witnesses:

ROY W. HILL, BERTH'A HARmMANN.

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