US1418730A - Insulating material and method of making same - Google Patents

Insulating material and method of making same Download PDF

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Publication number
US1418730A
US1418730A US206453A US20645317A US1418730A US 1418730 A US1418730 A US 1418730A US 206453 A US206453 A US 206453A US 20645317 A US20645317 A US 20645317A US 1418730 A US1418730 A US 1418730A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
insulating material
making same
fabric
cells
borax
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US206453A
Inventor
Robert E Ottman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Western Electric Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Western Electric Co Inc filed Critical Western Electric Co Inc
Priority to US206453A priority Critical patent/US1418730A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1418730A publication Critical patent/US1418730A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/454—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising a non-fibrous layer and a fibrous layer superimposed on one another
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
    • Y10T442/2049—Each major face of the fabric has at least one coating or impregnation
    • Y10T442/2057—At least two coatings or impregnations of different chemical composition
    • Y10T442/2074—At least one coating or impregnation contains particulate material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2221—Coating or impregnation is specified as water proof
    • Y10T442/2254—Natural oil or wax containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2475—Coating or impregnation is electrical insulation-providing, -improving, or -increasing, or conductivity-reducing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
    • Y10T442/2664—Boron containing

Definitions

  • This invention relates particularly to a material for use between the rows of dry cells in dry cell battery cabinets, but may also be availed of wherever similar insulating problems are presented.
  • an embodiment of my inven-' tion comprising a sheet of electrically nonconducting fabric which may be. stiff paper. or thin flexible cardboard, and which has been impregnated with suitable ignition preventives.
  • the process of impregnation preferably consists of immersing sheets or strips of the paper, cardboard or other fabric in a solution containing the ignition preventives, a suitable solution comprising borax and ammonium phosphate in the proportions of one pound of borax (commercial grade) and three pounds of ammonium phosphate (com'.
  • Each side of the dried fabric is coated with a moisture-proof paint which may suitably conslst of 40% (by weight) of linseed oil and (by weight) of a mixture of- Zinc; oxide 54% Calcium carbonate 45% Lamp black t 1% fabric and counteracts any contrary effectdue to the presence of the fireproofing salts.
  • a moisture-proof paint which may suitably conslst of 40% (by weight) of linseed oil and (by weight) of a mixture of- Zinc; oxide 54% Calcium carbonate 45% Lamp black t 1% fabric and counteracts any contrary effectdue to the presence of the fireproofing salts.
  • Each side of the fabric preferably receives a double coating of this compound.
  • the finished material is easily cut into desired shapes, and being tough and resilient, readily adapts itself to the spapes between battery cells or the like. It does not absorb moisture nor is it chemically attacked by the constituents of d cell electrolytes; it can be ignited only wit difliculty, and if ignited does not continue to burn; and-it is a non-conductor of electricity. It is, therefore, particularly ada ted for use as a separator between the cel s of dry cell batteries and for similar purposes.
  • An electrical insulating material cotning a coating comprising calcium carbonate, prising a sheet of fabric impregnated with zinc oxide and linseed Oll.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Description

R. E. OTTMAN.
INSULATING NATERIAL AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.
AFPLlCATiGIl HLED DEC. 10. I917.
LMSJEQ Patented June 6,1922.
lTE D STATES PATENT or-Fica.
ROBERT E. OTTMAN, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WESTERN ELEC- TRIO COMPANY, INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.
INSULATING MATERIAL AND METHOD OF MAKING Specification of Letters Patent. Patentd June 6, 1922.
Application filed December 10, 1917. Serial No. 206,453.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ROBERT E. OTT AN,
a citizen of the United States, residing at East Orange, in the county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Insulating Materia ls and Methods of Making Same, of which the following. is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.
This invention relates particularly to a material for use between the rows of dry cells in dry cell battery cabinets, but may also be availed of wherever similar insulating problems are presented.
In dry cell battery cabinets the cells are often so connected that a difi'erence of potential as high as 100 volts may exist between two cells in adjacent rows.- It is, therefore, desirable that adjacent rows of cells be separated by some insulating material in addition to the pasteboard cartons containing individual cells. As a result of exposure to electrolyte leaking from clls whose zinc casings have become perforated after, long or heavy service, this insulating material, if itabsorbs moisture or is chemically attacked by the constituents of the electrolyte, loses its insulatin efficiency and permits shortcircuits whic result in a heavy flow of. current and possibl in ignition of the cartons or separators. here is also a fire risk from cells which, on account oflong use, have a high internal resistance, since, if a short circuit develops either between cells or in the wiring, the resulting heavy flow of current may heat up the carbon in' these old cells to such an extent as toignite either the cartons or the separators and even thecells themselves.
It is, thereforefan object of my invention to provide an insulating material adapted for use between the celis of dry cell batteries, which is substantially nonignitable and therefore. fire-proof and which retains its insulatin perspective, an embodiment of my inven-' tion comprising a sheet of electrically nonconducting fabric which may be. stiff paper. or thin flexible cardboard, and which has been impregnated with suitable ignition preventives. The process of impregnation preferably consists of immersing sheets or strips of the paper, cardboard or other fabric in a solution containing the ignition preventives, a suitable solution comprising borax and ammonium phosphate in the proportions of one pound of borax (commercial grade) and three pounds of ammonium phosphate (com'.
mercial grade) to twenty-five pints of water. The paper or cardboard is kept in the solution until it is completely impregnated therewith, after which it is throughly dried.
Each side of the dried fabric is coated with a moisture-proof paint which may suitably conslst of 40% (by weight) of linseed oil and (by weight) of a mixture of- Zinc; oxide 54% Calcium carbonate 45% Lamp black t 1% fabric and counteracts any contrary effectdue to the presence of the fireproofing salts.
Each side of the fabric preferably receives a double coating of this compound.
The finished material is easily cut into desired shapes, and being tough and resilient, readily adapts itself to the spapes between battery cells or the like. It does not absorb moisture nor is it chemically attacked by the constituents of d cell electrolytes; it can be ignited only wit difliculty, and if ignited does not continue to burn; and-it is a non-conductor of electricity. It is, therefore, particularly ada ted for use as a separator between the cel s of dry cell batteries and for similar purposes.
What is claimed is: 1 1. The method of forming an electrically insulating 'material which consists in impregnating-a non-conductive fabric with a solution of borax and ammonium phosphate,
drying the impregnated fabric; and coating said fabric with amixture of calcium carbonate,'-zinc' oxide and linseed oil.
ioo
2. An electrical insulating material, cotning a coating comprising calcium carbonate, prising a sheet of fabric impregnated with zinc oxide and linseed Oll.
borax and ammonium phosphate, and having In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe 10 a waterproof coating. my name this 5th day of December A. D., 5 3. An electrical insulating material com- 1917.
prising a sheet of fabric impregnated with borax and ammonium phosphate, and hav- ROBERT E. OTTMAN.
US206453A 1917-12-10 1917-12-10 Insulating material and method of making same Expired - Lifetime US1418730A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US206453A US1418730A (en) 1917-12-10 1917-12-10 Insulating material and method of making same

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US206453A US1418730A (en) 1917-12-10 1917-12-10 Insulating material and method of making same

Publications (1)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2648615A (en) * 1949-05-24 1953-08-11 Jr Harold C O'brien Method of flameproofing cellulosic wallboard and article produced thereby

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2648615A (en) * 1949-05-24 1953-08-11 Jr Harold C O'brien Method of flameproofing cellulosic wallboard and article produced thereby

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