US1416514A

US1416514A - Surgical instrument

Info

Publication number: US1416514A
Application number: US438423A
Authority: US
Inventors: Saperstein Aaron
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1921-01-19
Filing date: 1921-01-19
Publication date: 1922-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 1939-05-16

Description

A. SAPERSTEIN.

SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-19, 1921.

7 1,41 6,5 14, Patented May 16,1922.

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IIIIIITIT"I IWITIIHIIIIIIIIIll! l/Vl/E/l/TOR WITNESSES 9 4 S/PEPSTE/N A TTOR/VEYS STATES @FFEQE AARON SAPERSTELN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.

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Application filed January 19, 1921.

'York, have invented a new and Improved Surgical-Instrument, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

My invention relates to a surgical instrument, and aims to provide a device of this character which shallpresent certain improved construction over instruments of the class to which it relates, now upon the market. a

In connection with the removing of tonsils, it is a well appreciated fact that numerous instruments have been proposed, and

utilized with a view of accomplishing the severance of the tonsils from the tissues, with which they are associated.

It is also well known that tonsils vary with respect to ease with which they may be removed. Thus it has been found, in some instances, that a physician will apply the proper instrument to the tonsil and exert a crushing action upon the tonsil holding the same, and that it is necessary to reapply the instrument to the tonsil, or to substitute a heavier instrument with a view of seven ing the tonsils, by virtue of the fact that the same have caused a closer adherence of the tonsil than had been anticipated by the physician.

Entirely aside from the foregoing it 1s well understood among physicians, that a danger is always present at the time of the removal of the tonsils, in that the severed tonsil is liable to drop into the passages eX- tending from the mouth to the stomach and lungs. An accident of thisnature often results in the death of the patient, and is hence to be guarded against with the greatest of precaution. It is also well understood that severance of the tonsils often ..results in hemorrhages, which have sometimes proven fatal, due to the inaccessibility of the tissues severed.

Having the foregoing in mind, I have invented a surgical instrument which. shall primarily be capable of insertion into the mouth of the patient with a minimum of discomforture, as well as being capable of having its parts dissassembled with a minimum of ease, whereby the same may be cleansed.

A further object of my invention 1s the Specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 438,423.

provision of a device of this character in which 1t will not be necessary for the physi- .cian to resort to a shifting of instruments or of an instrument, upon discovering that the tonsil tends to'adhere with-greater force to the tissues than was primarily anticipated.

A still further object of my invention is the construction of a surgical instrument by means of which the tonsil may be removed from the mouthof the patient without any danger of its becoming lodged in the throat, aslde from the fact that a severance of the vision of a surgical instrument which shall effect a severance of the tissues in such a manner that the danger of a hemorrhage re sulting will have been reduced to a minimum.

Further objects of my invention will appear in the annexed specification and drawings which latter present one practical embodiment of my invention, and in which;

Figure 1 is a side view ofan instrument embodying my improved construction.

Figure 2 is a plan View thereof and showing the parts prior to the'initial operation of the same.

Figure 3 is a plan view similar to Figure 2 but showingthe arrangement of the parts while certain of the same have completed the initial movement.

Figure 1 is a plan view similar to F igures" 2 and 3, but showing the parts in the position which they will assume upon'practically the completion of the second operation. a

Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 illustrate the respective units which, when grouped together, provide my improved construction, and

Figure 10 is an enlarged sectional view taken-alongthe lines 10-10 in the direction of the arrows indicated in Figure 1.

Patentedlriay 1+6, 1922.

the body of the travel 19 conveniently provides a flared portion 21 adapted to co-operate with the upper edges 22 of the handle 15, which present a dove-tailed openingpreventing any displacement of the traveler 19 with respect to the handle 15.

A: crushing blade 23'is secured to the outer end of the traveler 19, and upon a movement of the same it will be seen that the blade 23 will be caused to pass the opening 18, it being noted that the side edges of the table 17 may conveniently be bent at right angles to the body thereof, to provide guide ele mentsfztin one of which the blade 23 is slidably mounted.

Slidably. interposed between the traveler 19'and traokmember 16 is a snare carrier presenting a body portion 25. This body portion preferably includes arscrew threaded stem 26 extending from its rear end, and any suitable means such studs 27, adjacent its outer end would serve as an attaching'; medium for any. desirable type of snare arranged upon the track member 16, the

block 29-of. the same extending into the slot 30 and. being engaged by the element 31.. Also the snare 28 in its normal position, extends withinone of'the guide elements 24: presented adjacent the outer end of the table portion 17 and beyond the opening 18 thereof.

Further the traveler 19 is slidably arranged upon the body portion 25, the screw threaded stem 26-01 which extends through the opening 32'formed in the off set portion 20 ofthe same, and the crushing blade 23 attachedto theouter end of the traveler 19 rests in the position illustrated in Figure 2, i. e. retracted.

Thus it willbe seen that. the outer end of the instrument may be inserted within the patients mouth, and the tonsil caused to lie within the opening 18 of the table portion 17. Now upon pressure being exerted upon the offset: portion 20 of the traveler 19, it will be appreciated that the crushing blade 23 will be caused to move. slidably within one of the guiding grooves 24 and exert its proper action upon the tissue attaching the tonsil, resulting in a severance), of the same.

Subsequent to this action a pull upon the elementw3l by means of the finger of the operator, will cause a retraction of the snare, as has been illustratedv in Figure 1, and it will be obvious that this retraction will serve to grip the tonsil permitting of its complete removal, upon the instrument being withdrawn from the mouth of the patient.

It will be appreciated that at no stage of the operation would it be advisable to effect a retraction of the plate 23, after it has once begun its crushing action. This is to be guarded against, in view of the mutilation which would result if the blade were to engage the tissues repeatedly at a number of different points, and with this in view, I conveniently form a seriesof teeth providing a ratchet upon the upper face of the.

traveler 19, a resilient element 34; providing a pawl 35, is also positioned upon the upper face of the traveler 19, and serves toretain the same in proper position with respect'to the track member 16 by virtue of akey stud which may extend through a slot 37 through the body of the traveler, and thence into a key hole slot 38 in the body of they track member 16.

From the foregoing it will be appreciated that the parts of my instrument may however, be retained in assembled relationship by means of this last element which may be applied by swinging the body 3a of the same to a position at right angles to the operate as an element preventing any aoci dental, retraction on the part of the blade 23, subsequent tO'liS initial pro3ect1on.

Finally to provide suitable means serving to permit manipulation of the blade 23,,

as well as the snare, in the event that the tissues are of greater toughness than was anticipated, it will be noted that l utilize a hand operated nut 10 of any desirable construction, which is mounted, upon the screw threaded stem 26, and beyond the off-set finger portion 20.

This element will normally be carried immovable with respect to the stem 26, but should the necessity arise, it will be appreciated that a rotation of the same will result in a positive projection on the part of the blade 23, and a pullbeing exerted upon the snare 28 insuring the ready severance of the tonsil.

From the foregoing it will be appreciated that I have constructed a surgical instrument more particularly adapted for use in connection with operating upon tonsils, but not necessarily limited to this adaptation, and byv means of which a rapid severance of the tonsil may be effected, irrespective of the toughness of the tissues to be crushed.

Also it Will be seen that by means of the pawl and ratchet construction, and particularly the snare that any danger of accidents as pointed out in the preamble of the specification, is reduced to a minimum.

Further, it Will be understood, that the parts may be readily disassembled for the purpose of sterilization, any suitable means such as screws 41 afiixed to the outer end of the traveler 19 and the trigger element 31 serving to permit of the ready detachment of the crushing blade 23 and the trigger for the purpose aforenamed.

Obviously numerous modifications of structure might readily be resorted to with out in the least departing from the spirit of my invention, Which I claim asl. A surgical instrument, including a track member, a snare carrier arranged upon said track member, a traveler positioned upon the body portion of said snare carrier, a table forming the outer end of said track mem-' ber and presenting an opening, a crushing blade attached to said traveler and adapted to be slidably projected adjacent the opening of the table, a snare attached to the body portion of said snare carrier and adapted to lie adjacent said blade, and normally encircle the opening of said table, and means for moving said snare carrier and traveler.

2. A surgical instrument, including atrack member, a snare carrier arranged upon said track member, a traveler positioned upon the body portion of said snare carrier, a table forming the outer end of said track member and presenting an opening, a crushing blade attached to said traveler and adapted to be slidably projected adjacent the opening of the table, a snare attached to the body portion of said snare carrier and adapted to lie adjacent said blade, and normally encircle the opening of said table, and means for moving said snare carrier and traveler independently of each other.

3. A surgical instrument, including a track member, a snare carrier arranged upon said track member, a traveler positioned upon the body portion of said snare carrier, a table forming the outer end of said track member and presenting an opening, a crushing blade attached to said traveler and adapted to be slidably projected adjacent the opening of the table, a snare attached to the body portion of said snare carrier and adapted to lie adjacent said blade, and normally encircle the opening of said table, and means for moving said snare carrier and traveler, said traveler being formed With a rear end extending at an angle to the body portion thereof and presenting afinger grip.

4r. A surgical instrument, including a track member, a snare carrier arranged upon said track member, a traveler positioned upon the body portion of said snare carrier, a table forming the outer end of said track member and presenting an opening, a crushing blade attached to said traveler and adapted to be slidably projected adjacent the opening or the table, a snare attached to the body portion of said snare carrier and adapted to lie adjacent said blade, and normally encircle the opening of said table, and means for moving said snare carrier and traveler, and a finger engageable element secured to said snare carrier for moving the same.

5. A surgical instrument, including a track member, a snare carrier arranged upon said track member, a traveler positioned upon the body portion of said snare carrier, a table forming the outer end of said track member and presenting an opening, a crushing blade attached to said traveler and adapted to be slidably projected adjacent the opening of the table, a snare attached to the body portion of said snare carrier and adapted to lie adjacent said blade and normally encircle the opening of said table, and means for moving said snare carrier and traveler independently of each other, a screw threaded stem secured to the body portion of said snare carrier and extending through an opening in the finger portion of said traveler, and a nut engaging said screw threaded stem.

AARON SAPERSTEIN.