US1414778A - Roofing material - Google Patents

Description

Nl. H. ELVIDGE.

ROOFiNG MATERIAL. y APPLICATION FILED IAN.3, 1922.

Patented May 2, 1922.

noo'rme MA'rEnrAL.'

miams.

T0 all whom z't may concern.'

Be it known that I, .MORRIS HARRISON Environ, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, county and State of New York, have invented -a certain new and useful Roong Material, ofwhich the following is a specification. l l

This invention pertains'to 'roofing material, .more particularly, to flexible roofing material wherein a surface layer of granulated material is incorporated with an` underl ing layer composed usually .of a bi-4 tumlnous substance, commonlyV referred. to in this art as asphaltum.

Roofing of the character under consideration as universally made and used is characterized by a sameness or uniformity of color which presents an opticaleffect quite displeasing because of the monotonous coloring and the vabsence of an artistic appearance, the granular material of the roofing usually presenting a single color scheme,

such as an all red, green, gray, or a so-called blue black color appearance.

Various attempts have been made to re'- lieve the monotonous .appearance of roofing to the eye, such as by so-called shadow effects, or b an assemblage of'di'erent colored shing es (such as red and green) in alternate order or otherwise; but all such prior constructions and modes of use `have not satisfactorily met the requirements because lacking in the artistic effect.

In the present invention the purpose has been to produce roofing material which in and of itself and independently of the mode of llaying presents a pleasing and artistic color scheme in the appearance of the .weather surface to the eye of an observer.

To this end, differently colored granular materials are incorporated with the bituminous layer of the roofing material so as to result in distinguishable areas of different colors in the weather surface formed by granular material, some of which areas are of one color, other areas of a different color, and still otherareas are characterizedby a mixture of the dierent colors which blend yor shade into the areas of contrasting colors, the whole producing a multi-colored weather 'surface presenting a more .or less ununiJ form, or as it may-be termed, a streaky color scheme of an artistic andpleasing character. i A

In the drawings- Figure y1 1s a plan view of shingles em-v' Nr orales. l

specification of Lettersratent. Patented May 2,1922,1f :Application `iled January 3, 1922. Serial lNo. 526,674.

bodylng this invention as they appear when laid. to form a roofing.

Figure 2 is a sectional view ofthe shingle,and

-Figure 3 is an enlarged view illustrating the blending or shading of one area into other areas of contrasting colors as em.- bodied in myinvention. i

As is usual in the art'pertaining to composite' roofing materials', I ,employ a base A composed generally of an absorbent felt material. rlhis base is saturatedvor impregnated in Aone way or another with a waterv resistant agent, such as asphaltum of va low melting point and adapted to be maintained l by heat in a liquid condition, whereby the felt material may be run with a continuous Vmotion within a bath of said liquid asphal! tum so as to become saturated therewith. Subsequent to the saturation of the absorbi-n ent felt material with the liquid asphaltum,j the saturated material is coated, upon, one or both surfaces thereof, with a layer B composed usually of asphaltum the melting point of which is considerably higher than' that ofthe asphaltum employed in waterproofing the absorbent felt. .This superficial coating B of the character specified is employed in layer form upon one or both surfaces lof the saturated felt to afford protection to the latter against the heat of the suns rays and the deteriorating influence of the weather, such coatings when applied to the top and under surfaces of the saturated felt serving the function of a seal, so-

called, for precluding the eXudation, to a .A

material extent, of the water resistant agent incorporated with the absorbent felt.

The weather` vsurface of the roofing material is constituted by a layer C of' granu lar material, all of which, or substantially all of which, is in the same plane, in con- 'I tradistinction to the so-called shadow ef feet obtained in part by resorting to eleva tions fand vdepressions in the weather surf face.

According to my surface is characterized by a multi-color apimprovement, the weather I l '105 pearance presenting an artistic optical efv feet, and this .is obtained. by sin le-color areas c, al, usually of contrasting co ors, and other areas e which shade into or bien with auch contraatmgjeelorareaa said @ha es ory blended areas e being composed-rifa mixture" of diiierently colored granular materials which harmonize with the colored areas c, al. lThe granular materials ordinarily used for color effect in ditiierent rootings are red, green, and the so-calledblueblack. ln my rooting material, the differently colored granular materials are so incorporatedwith layer .B as to obtain well defined areas of contrasting colors, such as granular material of a red color in areas 0, granular material of a green or blue black color in areas d, and a blend oil-mixture ont two colors (such asred and green) of granular materials in the areas c', the composite color obtained by the mixture of granular material in areas e blending with or shading into the contrasting colorsotl the granular material in the areas c, d, the ensemble of such colors presenting to the eye a. pleasing color efect on the weather surface oit' the roofing. The areas c, d, e, are well deiined and distinctly appear in the weathersurface so as to be readily observable and distinguishable, but the extent of the individual areas is nota constant factor but varies according to the desired design, rlhus, there is a well defined area of a red color, as c, another readilyy distinguishable area, or areas, d composed of green or blue black granular material, andthird areas, as e, not so perceptible to the eye but nevertheless present in the weather sur- Y face and presenting a composite color obtained by a mixture (either uniform or variable) o the red and green (or blue black instead of green) granular materials, such areas e of composite color shading into the single areas c, d, of contrasting colors, with a view to presenting a strealy or variegated appearance somewhat analogous to the a pearance obtained by nature in the effect `of avsunset in the slay when more or less cbscured by clouds.

ln the production of rooting with a' weather surface composed of granular material, 1t is .customary to deposit such granular material of a single selected color ,withinv a hopper, and to feed such single color'granular material infa thin stream' continuously upon a hot adhesive layer B of asphaltum, whereby the granular material adheres to the tacky layer and, under pressure, becomes incorporated therewith so as to be embedded therein, more or less, thus presenting a one color surface extending continuously over the asphaltum layer so as to protect the latter from deterioration due to the action of the weather. Subsequent to the deposit ot' the granular material upon the asphaltum layer present upon the felt base, the web of roofing is conducted usually around drums acting to apply pressure to the granular material for embedding the same as described, as well as to provide for the` discharge, by gravity, of the, excess granular material from Leraars the surface of the roong material and to eXpbse the resulting composlte rooting material to the cooling edect oi the atmosphere.

Such composite roofing material may be used in sheet or strip form, or itmay be severed I .granular materials composed of a plurality ot' selected colors. Accordingly, l supply to the hopper at one' time granular material of a red color, other granular material of a green or blue black color7 and another quantity of granular materialsycomposed in part of a red color and in part ci green or blue blacklfcolor. Such batches of dirferently. colored granular materials are supplied by the hopper and in a thin continuous stream to the tacky surface 'formed by the layer B upon the felt material A, so as to become incorporated with the layerld, and there is thus formed a'multi-colored weather surface composed ,in parti otwell deined areas c of granular material of one color, other well defined areasd of granular material of a di'erent color contrasting with the iirst mentioned areas, and still other areas e of a composite tcolor. blending or shading into the two contrasted color areas mentioned. As will be apparent, the granusy lar materials composed of dili'erent contrast did'erent) hoppers, 4as a result of which the weather surface is composed ot diderently colored granular materials the areas 'ot' which are variable in extent, although readily distinguishable by theveye, and the survtace is thus-multicolored and shaded or blended to attain a variegated appearance, rather than a'monotonous single color etlect.

As stated, the composite roofingmay be used in sheet form, or in strip iorm,but it is preferable to cut the sheet material into individual units or shingles of desired dimensions. l Such shingles are adapted to be laid by workmen in the usual manner, without any 'attempt to assort or group the same according to selected color; but, on the contrary, the shingles or units, with multi-colored weather surfaces or with blended or shaded surfaces supplementing such multicolored surfaces, are laid or installed indiscriminately and without selecting the same A l as to size so as to pass through a screen of certain dimensions.

It will be observed by reference to Figure 3 of the drawing that the parallel areas of contrasting colors are each greater in extent in longitudinal than in transverse direction and irregular in outline where one joins the other and that there is a distinct area 'ofcomposite color into which the contrasting areas shade. This results in attractive distinctve features with the colored areas in sharp contrast with one another. And by reference to Figure 1 it will be observed that when this material is applied to a roof, say in the form of shingles, the areas of contrasting and composite colors produce a diversity instead of same-ness of appearance is given to the whole surface and a softer and more pleasing effect given with also clearness and life in the contrasts produced. It also makes possible giving to dierenty roofs covered with the same material different effects by the indiscriminate placing of the -individual units so that no two roofs vwill be exactly alike. p

It will be understood that quantities of differently colored granular materials are to be'supplied by the feed mechanism so as to liow in a definite stream of selected contrasting colors; but the granular material of a composite color is formed by a mixture either uniform or varied) of the differently colored granular materials, in equal or unequal proportions, or, if desired, such composite color granular material is supplied by the simultaneous feed and admixture of the selected contrasting colored materials.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A roofing materialhaving a granulaimaterial weather surface characterized by distinct` parallel areas of contrasting colors and distinct areaslof composite color `into which the other areas shade, the areas being greater in extent in longitudinal than in transverse direction.

2. A roofing material having a granular material Weather surface characterized by distinct parallel areas of contrasting colors and jdistinct areas of composite color into which the contrasting areas merge, the various areas having irregular outline where one merges into the other, the roofing material being subdivided into individual units to produce in theindiscriminate assemblage of the units a diversified variegated surface of contrastingy and composite colors, with the individual units differing one from the other in color relationship.

In testimony whereof I have hereto signed my name this 31st day of December, 1921.

MORRS H. ELVlDGrE

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