US1414226A

US1414226A - Electric heating apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1414226A
Application number: US362516A
Authority: US
Inventors: Smits Wijtse Beije
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-03-01
Filing date: 1920-03-01
Publication date: 1922-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 1939-04-25

Description

W. B. SMITS.

ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED HAH. I, i920.

1,414,226. man@ Apr. 25, 1922 rrvRA/EK- v Heating Apparatus, of `which the following 4tirarsi) STATES PATENT oFFicE.

wnrmsn BENE SMITS, or DILMEN, NETHERLANDS.

i ELECTRIC HEATING APEARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patnted Apr, 25, 1922- Application led March 1, 1920. Serial No. 362,516.

10 all w hom t may concern:

Be it known that l, WiJTsE BnrJn SMrrs, subject of the Netherlands, and resident of Dilmen, Netherlands, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric is a specification. i V

Electric heating bodies are. already known that are composed of a heath-refractory insu-f lating body for receiving the resistances, and of a metal casing which encloses the whole and which is` formed by casting metal around the insulating body. y

f 'Heating bodies of that kind have however a low eiiiciency because the insulating bodyl hinders very considerably the radiation of the heat. Moreover the material cast around the heating elements has a lower co-eiicient of expansion than the inner core. Sincewthe core is far more heated by the intermediate insulating body thanthe casing, the entire heating body is liable to burst asunder.

Also, after use, owing to the more rapid coolnately with the clamping plates, in a metal casing in which `they can be fixed for instancevby means of wedges. The core thus produced is enclosed in a casing which is cast around it and which is formed of a material which is a good heat conductor and which has a higher coefficient of eXpansion than that of the material of which the clamping plates are composed. f

If the clamping plates and the casing are made for instance of copper, then aluminium for example may be used as the surrounding material. In cooling, the aluminium f form of a shrinks to a greater extent than the copper and thus presses the heating cores very tightly together. In the accompanying drawing, Figure l 1s a section in line c-d of Figure 2 of one embodiment of my invention and Figure 2 isa section on linea-`b of Figure 1.

In, the drawings, numeral 1 indicates the plates of coppery lfor instance, which are wedge shaped at their ends, while 2 indicates'v The latter are pref-` the resistance elements. erably of wire between mica plates. The

'alternate platesl and elements are held in alinement by bolts 3. The whole isV surrrtiunded by the aluminum case indicated a 4.

The current conducting wires are diagrammatically shown in Figure 2.

By varying `the shape of the cores an apparatus constructed in this manner can be used for very different purposes. When made in block shape it can be employed as a dipping apparatus, or in combination withV a copper body as a soldering bit. In the plate it can be used as the bottom of a boiler. i

In' this manner also it is possible to cast resistance wires which are provided for instance with a coating of enamel, directly in the form of rods orbars which can be used as curling tongs, medical instruments, electric furnaces and the like. The electric insulating material is protected on all sides by the surrounding material, thus preventing the possibility of the enamel coating breaking. Y

The main advantages of the improved heating apparatus made in this manner are the following:

1. The complete exclusion of oxygen, whereby great durability is ensured even under a very high load;

2. Direct contact with the covering, that is to say, a good transfer of the heat;

3. VVatertightness, and consequently the prevention of short-circuiting due to moisture;

4. Great mechanical strength, especially when dropped, because nothing can become loose inside the apparatus.

Having now particularly described andA ascertained the nature of my Said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-

An electric heater, comprising a core com posed of resistance elements and clamping plates arranged in alternation., and a coating of heatonducting material enclosing said core, said heat-conducting material having a higher coeicient of expansion than the material of which the clamping plates are 10 constructed.

Signed ,'`\1nsterda1n, Netherlands, this 6th dag7 oit February, 1920.

VIJTSE BEIJE SMITS.

vilfvitnesses M. AUARACH, T. A. YI-IANGENODYK.