US1413343A - Preparation of iron or steel for lead and tin coating - Google Patents
Preparation of iron or steel for lead and tin coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1413343A US1413343A US436599A US43659921A US1413343A US 1413343 A US1413343 A US 1413343A US 436599 A US436599 A US 436599A US 43659921 A US43659921 A US 43659921A US 1413343 A US1413343 A US 1413343A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- copper
- coating
- iron
- articles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 6
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001040 ammonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVUZUKYBUMROPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Hg] YVUZUKYBUMROPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940008718 metallic mercury Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/024—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/026—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. adhesion layers or pre-applied alloying elements or corrosion protection
Definitions
- the lead being usually preferable.
- Each of these films forms a certain barrier against the penetration of water or air through the external coating of lead.
- the article is first thoroughly cleansed and then subjected to the three baths which forms a' series of combined films upon its surface.
- the following prescriptions are used in practicing the invention, andit will beunderstood that the chemicals may be used in the proportions named or their equivalent.
- the copper sulphate solution contains 10%- of copper sulphate, 10% of ammonium sulphate, of mercuric chloride, and 2% of sulphuric acid and deposits a thin firm coat ing of copper on the 'article.
- the COmPOSitIOH of the mercuric bath is 21 ⁇ % of mercuric chloride, 2%;% of ammo-- nium chloride, 10% of zinc chloride, and 5% of hydrochloric acid. These ingredients are mixed with The immersion the copper coated'article-in this mercuric chloride bath for fifteen to thirty seconds suflices to cover the copper coating with a film of'metallicmercury.- When such-mercury coated articles i are immersed in the molten lead, the film of The deposit'of metallic mercury forms a COIIlJIIIHOHS film when applied over copper,
- Wire may therefore be run continuously through the copper depositing bath, through ath, and through the.
- the deposition of copper is very cheaply and rapidly efiected by the copper sulphate bath containing a proportion of mercuric chloride; as it -IS found-that the prescribed method secures a much more rapid deposition of copper than other chemical solutions or an electro-platingprocess, and secures as hard a deposit as by any other any means.
- My several improvements in the chemical bathsby which the articles are fitted trimeceive an adhesive lead coating includes first the dipping of the article into a copper sulphate bath which results in a firm and adherent coating of copper, which has not been possible to secure with other copper sulphate solutions which produce a non-adherent and spongy deposit; and secondly, the use of mercuric chloride and zinc chloride as the basis of a mercury zinc bath, instead of the chemicals heretofore used.
- My invention furnishes a more effective and perfect coating than those referred to, for the reason that in the process of coating there are deposited three metallic films upon the article each having an important bearing upon the result.
- the film ofv mercury and third, the film of lead or other protective metal.
Description
ric articles from such influences.
.ramns H. mabpmor new Yon-x, N. Y.
ranram'rrou or IRON on. s'rnnr. roa 'Lnan AND rm coarme.
1 413,343. No lDrawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JAMES H. Manor, a
of preparing ferric articles to receive-a coating of lead, and tin or their alloys deposited thereon from a moltenbath of metal, the lead being usually preferable.
It is known that lead is most resistant to corrosion from atmospheric influences, furtherefore most desirable for protecting fer- .The means whichv have been heretofore devised for securing a coating of lead on of mercury deposited upon the copper, and
third, a film of lead or other protective. metal deposited upon the mercury.
Each of these films forms a certain barrier against the penetration of water or air through the external coating of lead.
The article is first thoroughly cleansed and then subjected to the three baths which forms a' series of combined films upon its surface. r
The following prescriptions are used in practicing the invention, andit will beunderstood that the chemicals may be used in the proportions named or their equivalent.- The copper sulphate solution contains 10%- of copper sulphate, 10% of ammonium sulphate, of mercuric chloride, and 2% of sulphuric acid and deposits a thin firm coat ing of copper on the 'article.-
'ter. nace fumes, or acids, and such a coating is g the mercuric chloride Specification of iietters Patent. Patented Apl 18, 1922; Application filed l'annaryll, i921. Serial No. 436,599.
striking results,-first, it greatly hastens the j precipitation of the copper upon the article,- se that fifteen seconds immersion 'is s'uflicient to produce the thin cop r coating de-' sired and, secondly, it great y hardens the deposited copper and causes such an adhesion of the same that the depositis not disturbed by ordinary handling. The articles coated with copper are then subjected to a mercuric zinc chloridbath.
The COmPOSitIOH of the mercuric bath is 21}% of mercuric chloride, 2%;% of ammo-- nium chloride, 10% of zinc chloride, and 5% of hydrochloric acid. These ingredients are mixed with The immersion the copper coated'article-in this mercuric chloride bath for fifteen to thirty seconds suflices to cover the copper coating with a film of'metallicmercury.- When such-mercury coated articles i are immersed in the molten lead, the film of The deposit'of metallic mercury forms a COIIlJIIIHOHS film when applied over copper,
and it thus serves as a continuous sup ort the required amount of wafor the lead and makes the adhesion-o the lead coating practically perfect. I I
All the operations required to? practice this invention are of such a simple nature, that ordinarily intelligent labor can be employed' to carry on theoperation commercially; the only apparatus needed being the tanks for the copper sulphate bath and the mercuric chloridebath; and the" invention thus furnishes a process of a simple and inexpensive character;
It is found that the coating of, the articles with copper and. mercury film by the baths described herein, can be efi'ected in much less time than by other ordinary processes,- and 4 the. present invention thus offers a great advantage in coating iron .or steel articles at high speed, as the several steps of the'process operate infrom fifteen to thirty seconds,
and theentire preparation of the'article for immersionin the molten bath occupies littlemore than one minute.
ice"
Wire may therefore be run continuously through the copper depositing bath, through ath, and through the.
tank of molten metal, and the lead coatingeifectively attached to the wire so as to preserve it from corrosion. Q
The deposition of copper is very cheaply and rapidly efiected by the copper sulphate bath containing a proportion of mercuric chloride; as it -IS found-that the prescribed method secures a much more rapid deposition of copper than other chemical solutions or an electro-platingprocess, and secures as hard a deposit as by any other any means.
My several improvements in the chemical bathsby which the articles are fitted trimeceive an adhesive lead coating includes first the dipping of the article into a copper sulphate bath which results in a firm and adherent coating of copper, which has not been possible to secure with other copper sulphate solutions which produce a non-adherent and spongy deposit; and secondly, the use of mercuric chloride and zinc chloride as the basis of a mercury zinc bath, instead of the chemicals heretofore used.
My invention furnishes a more effective and perfect coating than those referred to, for the reason that in the process of coating there are deposited three metallic films upon the article each having an important bearing upon the result.
They are, first, the film of copper, second,
the film ofv mercury, and third, the film of lead or other protective metal.
It will be understood that the processes described and claimed herein are not'only applicable to the coating of iron and steel with lead or tin, but with zinc or any other metal commonly used as a protective coatin for iron or steel articles.
T am'aware that articles have been coated with copper by various processes, with the object of permanently protecting the surface of the article by such copper coating;
but I am not aware that articles of iron or steel have been coated with copper and subsequently with a film of mercury as a preparation for coating the articles with lead and analogous metal.
Having thus set forth the nature of the invention What is claimed herein is:
1. The process of protecting iron or steel articles with an unbroken coating of pro tective metal, which consists in applying three metallic films successively tothe articles, first, afilm of copper, second, a film of mercury, and finally an unbroken film of protective metal.
2. The process of coatingferric articles with lead or its alloys," which consists in the following steps: first, coating the surface of the article with a thin film of copper, second,
immersing the copper coated article in a solution of mercuric zinc chloride and form.- ing a thin film ofmercury upon thearticle, and third, dipping the mercury coated article in a molten bath of protective metal and coating the article therewith.
3. The process of coating ferric articles with lead and tin or theiralloys, which consistsin the following steps: first, immersing Y JAMES H. MADDY,
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US436599A US1413343A (en) | 1921-01-11 | 1921-01-11 | Preparation of iron or steel for lead and tin coating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US436599A US1413343A (en) | 1921-01-11 | 1921-01-11 | Preparation of iron or steel for lead and tin coating |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1413343A true US1413343A (en) | 1922-04-18 |
Family
ID=23733069
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US436599A Expired - Lifetime US1413343A (en) | 1921-01-11 | 1921-01-11 | Preparation of iron or steel for lead and tin coating |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1413343A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2418265A (en) * | 1939-09-22 | 1947-04-01 | Sherka Chemical Co Inc | Process for providing aluminum and aluminum alloys with metal coatings |
US3097932A (en) * | 1961-05-16 | 1963-07-16 | Samuel L Goldheim | Anti-fouling multiple coating |
-
1921
- 1921-01-11 US US436599A patent/US1413343A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2418265A (en) * | 1939-09-22 | 1947-04-01 | Sherka Chemical Co Inc | Process for providing aluminum and aluminum alloys with metal coatings |
US3097932A (en) * | 1961-05-16 | 1963-07-16 | Samuel L Goldheim | Anti-fouling multiple coating |
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