US1413296A - Propeller - Google Patents

Description

E. SPREEKMEESTER.

PROPELLER. APPLICATION HLED AUG.16, 191s. Patented A r. 18, 1922.

sums-sum 1- E. SPREEKMEESTER. IPROPELLER.

APPLICATION FILED M646, 1919.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

Q F1275. 5. FIG. 4.

1u mu YE. SPREEKMEESTER.

- PROPELLER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 16, I919. Patented Apr 18, 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

" UNITED. STATES" EMANUEIISPREEKMEESTER, or nivrsrnnnAivi,fun'riinnrinnnsl 7 ToaZZ whom it may concern PRoPELLER,

ameee.

I Specification of Letters Batent. A 1922? Application filedjAug'ust 16, 1919'. Serial No. 318,025;

7 Be it known that I, EM N EL SPREEK- MEESTER, a subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, residing at Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 114C Ruysdaelstraat; have invented certain new and useful Improvements in'Propellers, (forwhich' Ilhave filed gan'application' in the Netherlands on Au g;. l918,);o which the? followi is a specification; :4; w This invention ,re ates to improvements in i propellers 'fo'r l ships, f floating ""Fstructures,

aeroplanes, torpedoes andfthelike' The 'i' 'vent on has for its object; to construct' a propeller 'wi th a ihi'gh'er efiib'iency than the usual serew p'ropellers; so' that as a consequence a -ship; E aeroplane "i01 't'he' like; provided with:a propelleraccording to the inventionlcan attain-aihigherspeed with'the same consumption 'offiiel' and-the samefdriw lng p wel j' a;

HA'CCOIdlIlgwane inyentionfcurved planes 7 are, arranged in such a manne'rthatjthei-r ro- I sure-in axial oralmost axial direction." This and otherieatures of-the invention will be tation" about the-axis moves itheniedium par tiles ofthe fluid; ,thr0ughwhichfthe pro peller travels; in a radial or almost radialfdirectionand fcauses theieaction against this displacement to be transformed into a p es,

more fully described hereinafter with referenceto the accompanying drawings which form apart of my specification and app1ication.

I In the drawings: I

Figure 1 is a perspectiveview d one form of my improved'propeller.

Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views'of modifi cations. f v c Fig. 4 is a plan View offanother form of propeller. 7

Figs. 15 and ,6 are side and longitudinal sectional views, respectively, of the 'form 'shownin Fig. 4.'

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are views similar to Figs; 4,5 and 6 but showinga modification of the for'm shown inthe latter figures."

thermodification. 1

* Figs. 10 and Hate diagrammatic sectional and plan views,"res pectively, of a construc tion havin'goppositely rotating propellers. .Figs'. '12 and 1'3are sin ila'i' vi'ews of a'fur In the embodiment illustrated 1, a is the body of the propellerhavingtwo radial cutting edges 0 andQtWO eccentric curveded'ges a each of'the latter ofwhich extend from the inner end oflone cutting edge to the outer end of the othercutting edge.- Eccentrically curved planes a and b are provided at the curved edges and each of these planes is inclined rearwardly' and outwardly andextends from the outer end of one cutting edge a to the inner endiof the 7.

other cutting edge; 1

ing gends, the fiuid be compressed and siinilarto thatshown in. Figx l'withithe ea cepti'o'n jthat the propeller includes four cut .t1ngae dgesa four' curvededg'es d and "to i c planes ai'andf jb' 1 I i -L1Theembodimentillustiated in'Fig. 3 31s i ception that the uter edgeslofjthe planes are provided:

b":-"l' I V Vi F-ig-uresjl', 2 and 3 illustrate the principle of the invention" andishow the 'coni'cal eccen tric blades (6 which during j their, rotation -about'the axis of the shaft 05 form a space confined in three directions; s'aid'space being 2 narrowed and enlarged respectively with respect to a' line perpendicular to the shaft c.- The effect of this construction is that fiuidmedium particles are displaced in radial direction toward the shaft, and moved into a graduallynarrowing space, so that on account of their resistance against this radial displacement and, this compression, they Wlll' give way and -receive-.an- .increas 111g accelerated motion in consequence of which their reaction, on the propellerbladesremains constant. 'Moreo ver, those medium particles-giving way being'accelerated in all directions move falong'theplanes a', Z) and exert on these planes an axial pressureiin the direction-0 f propulsion: f The propellers according to the invention are particularly adapted for use in-water and air and have a higher efficiency h 'nthe usual screw p lowingadvantages.

A They make a, profitable ests the feather a pressure exerted on the-medium istransopellers on account ofthe f olmitte'd in" all directions, and theyvtransiorm j into efficient power the counter currents and radially directed forces resulting therefrom. I'Vith these propellers the property of resistance against compression is usefully applied in such a manner that in lieu of the uniform motion of the medium particles as occurs with the screw propeller, a continuously increasing acceleration of'those particles is obtained as the particles approach the axis, so that not only is the velocity in axial direction increased with respect to that of the ordinary screw propeller, but it increases continuously as long as the conicaleccentric blades act upon the particles, so that as a consequence these particles exert a constant pressure on all points of the body and planes.

In Figures 4 to 9, inclusive, I have illustrated high-pressure propelleraand referring particularly to Figs. 4:, 5 and 6, the body of the propeller is formed by two blades f and g arranged substantially at right angles toeach other and each provided with straight side edges and eccentrically curved outer edges f, which areprovided with eccentrically curved rearwardlyand outwardly extending planes (Z and 6. With this construction, the blades ,f and g will force the fluid rearwardly and outwardly while the planes d and 6- will force the fluid inwardly, and when these currentsoffluid meet they will move rearwardly and force the propeller forwardly The propeller illustrated in Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, is similar to that in Figs. A to 6 with the exception that the planesare pro vided with outwardly extending segments d.

In cases in which two propellers rotate about the same axis, as for instance in torpedoes, the embodiment illustrated diagrammatically'in Figures 10 and 11 is very useful. The object of this construction and arrangement is to exert a maximum pressure on the medium. In this instance the space mentioned above which gradually grows narrower, and which in the aforementioned case grows narrower only with respect to lines perpendicular to the axis of rotation, in the present case grows narrower literally. The trailing edges of the planes h namely of the propeller rotating in the direction of the outer arrows are nearer the axis than the leading edges of said planes while the trailing edges of the planes is of the other oppositely rotating propeller are further away from the axis than the leading edges thereof. It will be noted that the planes h are inclined rearwardly and outwardly and that the planes 7c are inclined rearwardly and inwardly.

In operation, when the planes of the propellers are passing each other, the distance between the outer and inner planes gradually diminishes, and the medium particles of fluid which are simultaneously rotated and moved in axial direction will be caused to move axially in an increasing degree as, the trailing edges of the planes approach each other, and the reaction resulting therefrom will be increased as the medium particles give waymore rapidly. In this construction, the planes h, it will cause the medium particles to approach the axis while the planes k, k will cause them to move away from the axis. During the rotation the points r, s will move in close proximityto the points w, 3 while the pointsu, 0 will pass at a much greaterdistance the points In cases in which it is not possible to have two oppositely rotating propellers, asystem of stationary planes may be employed, which offer the possibility. of obtaining, as in the last mentioned constructiomspaces, growing narrower in. literal sense,-:-while theQpropeller rotates about this-system of planes;

In Figures :12and- 13 I have illustrated such azsyst'em .of planes with a propeller. The stationary planes m of, this system as well as the bladesZ of: the propeller are eccentrically placed with, respect to theaxis n, and the centre of thesystem is disposed in axial alignment -withfthe shaft of the I propeller.

The number of the planes mis arbitrary, and may be greater than the number of propeller blades Z,;-=as,is;the case in the example shown A 2 V 4 The planes described could; alsofbev ad: vantageously used with pumpsandzventt' lators. l

' Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention, I declare that what I claim as. new and 'desire to secure by Letters Patent is':'

l. A propeller including a blade having av helicoidal body provided with an eccentrically arranged rearwardly curved plane which extends entirely across the pressure side of the blade, the-line of meeting between the pressure surfaces of the body and plane being eccentric to the axis of the propeller.

2. A propeller of the.kind defined by claiml in which the plane is inclined rearwardly and outwardly.

3. Apropeller of the kind defined by claim 1 in which the outer edge of the plane is provided with an outwardly extending segment.

45. A propeller including a plurality of blades each having a helicoidal body carrying an eccentrically arranged rearwardly extending curved plane which extends entirely across said body, said planes being inclined rearwardly and outwardly and provided at their outer edges with outwardly extending segments.

5. A propellercomprising a hub, a plu-v rality of blades carried by the hub and each having a helicoidal body, and an eccentrically arranged rearwardly extending plane extending provided at the outer end of each of said bodies and extendingentirely across the body, the lines of meeting between the bodies and planes'on the pressure side of said blades being eccentric relatively to the axis of the hub; V V e 6. A propeller of the kind defined by claim 5 in which the planes are inclined rearwardly' andoutwardly. V

7..A propeller of the kind defined by claim 5 in which the planes are provided at their outer edges with segments. 7

8. A propeller for ships, floating structures, aeroplanes, torpedoes and the like, be-

ing totally immersed in the medium having' the axis of rotation coinciding or almost coinciding with the direction of propulsion,

comprising two propellers oppositely rotating about the same axis, one propellerhaving blades moving away'from the axis of 20 rotation with respect to a line perpendicular to said axis, the other propeller having" EMANUEL SPREEKMEESTER.

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