US1413211A - Manufacture of brushes - Google Patents

Description

' A. ALBRIGHT, JR.

MANuFAcTuRE oF BRUSHES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 28,1918.

.Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

sHhETs-SHEET 1.

1 HIII A. ALBRIGHT, JII.

l MANUFACTURE 0F BRUSHES.

APPLICATION FILED ocT 2a, I9I8. 1,413,21 1. Patented Apr- 18, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

of the tufts will preferably be' a 'pyroxylin' cementadapted to adhereto and become Iine.

brush. I find that celluloid is of a nature' which will'permit of itsbein `of roducing brushes.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW ALBRIGHT, Jn; or NEW Yonx, n.v Y.

MANUFACTURE or BRUSHES.

To all whom t may con-cern."

Be it known that I, ANDREW ALBRIGHT,

Junior, a citizen of the United States, ani1v a residentof New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprove-g ments-in the Manufacture of Brushes, of which the following is a specification.

The invention consists in a novel method he brush produced by my invention comi-l.

prises a back or body portion of any suitable or 'desirable outline having aI series of.

sockets or recesses therein, and a' series of tufts of bristles secured within said sockets or recesses, said tufts having the bristles at the knot ends thereof secured .togethertby rubber vulcanized `thereon and said tufts thus formed being secured within said sockets or recesses byv a cementitious material applied on the knot ends of the'tufts and alsoby the material of the back or body,

portionvof the brush .surrounding the indi.-

vidual sockets or recesses being crowded or compressed inwardly against `the said tufts above lthe knot ends thereof, the upper endsv of said sockets or recesses being thereby closed against the tufts. The back. orbody Iportion of the brush will preferably .bey ank integral'piece of celluloid or other pyroxylin material, and the Cementitious materia-l ap' plied on the rubber'heads atlthe knot lends tegralwith the walls of thexsocketsfor'recesses in the back orbody portion .of the crowded 'or compressed inwardly 'around t e'upper ends of the sockets or recesses in the back or body portion of the brush sol as to close .said sockets or recesses against the tufts andthereby position. V I Y Y In carrying out my invention by-the preferred'method, I provide a blo'ckor blocks aid in securing'the tufts in rigid formed with holes defining the outline'of thev for the several tufts have been arranged in Specification of Letters Patent.

,tuft together.- the rubber heads on the individualtufts, the' block orlblocks, plate and tufts are removed vPatented Apr. 18, 1922.`

Application filed October 28, 1918.. Serial No. 259,929. l

the block, or blocks if two are employed in superimposed relation, and the aforesaid diepla-te, the bristles for the tufts are pushed downwardly until their lower ends project below said` die-plate, and thereupon all of said projecting ends of the bristles are dipped in a rubbervv solution. After the block and plate are lifted upwardly to carry the tufts from the solution, I preferably allow'the whole to stand for a suitable time, say, over night, to give the rubber an opafter the' metal die-plate is slipped downwardly from the blocks andthe knot ends of the tuftsy carrying the rubber become in-A clo's'ed within theapertures in said plate, and lthereupon I place the whole upon a steam or other heated table, said plate with the knot ends of the tufts and the rubber thereon confined in the apertures therein being placed directly on said table, upon which the whole is allowed to stand until the rubber-has become properly vulcanized to form vheads Vof-definite outline onthe ends of the yportunity to become partly dried orcured by exposurek to the atmosphere, andv there-l tufts and securel bind the bristles of each fter the vulcanization of from the steam table, and thereupon'the die- `plate is slid upwardly on the tufts-so that the knot ends of the tuftsA project below thev "same, and at Ithis stage I dip the series of projecting knot ends of the tufts in a cementitious solution, f preferably of pyroxylin character, andimmediately thereafter insert all vof said knot ends at one operation in to the series of sockets or recesses provided in vthe back or body of the brush, and upony this having been 'doneI crowd or compress f the material of the said back or body around -the upper ends vof the sockets or recesses l.therein inwardly against the tufts andvwabove .the rubber heads 4formed on the knot ends thereof, thereby securingthe tufts in said vback or body.-

` The invention .will 4be fully understoodv l Afrom the detailedl description hereinafterv presented, reference being had to the accompan ing drawings, in whlch:

plates or blocks utilized by me for forming the tufts for and in carrying out other steps of my process in the manufacture of brushes;

Fig. 1 is a top view of certain .superposed Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section; through the `same,'taken on the dotted line 2-2 of Fig.`1, and illustrating the several blocks or plates with the bristles for the tufts threaded into the same, the upper ends of the tufts being shown as projecting above the upper block or plate of theseries;

Fig. 3 is a corresponding view of the same Fig. 4 is a corresponding view of the same showing the plates and tufts after the knot ends of the tufts have received theV rubber solution and the bristles of the respectiveV tufts have become'bound together thereby;

Fig. 5 is a corresponding View showing a still further step of the process, this consisting in the separation of the lower or dieplate from the two upper plates and the positioning of said die-plate to receive in the apertures therein the knot ends'of the tufts carrying the rubber solution preparatory to the vulcanization of the rubber;

6 illustrates, in vertical section, the series of plates or blocks as 'having-been brought together and as having had a top vplate, placed thereon for maintaining the series. of tufts with their knot ends projected below the die-plate and also illustrates that step of the process involving the dipping of the vulcanized knot ends of the tufts into a cementing solution, preferably a pyroxylin cement, preparatory to the tufts being applied to a Celluloid or pyroxylin brush back;

Fig. 7 is a corresponding section illustrating the further step ofthe process which consists in applying the tufts while within the series ofplates to the recesses or sockets in a brush back, the brush back being indicated in section;

Fig. 8 is an enlargedA vertical section through a portion of the mechanism and brush back and illustrates the knot end of a tuft as being in a socket or recess of the brush back; y

'Fig. 9 is a corresponding view indicating a further step in the process which consists in forcibly moving the plates downwardly against the brush back so that the die-plate of the series may crowd or crush the material of the brush back annularly around the recesses therein andagainst the knot ends of the tufts; i

Fig. 10 is a view substantially corresponding with Fig. 8 but'illustrating a modified structure of the brush back, tlieback in this instance having a shoulder formed around each of the recesses therein to be crowded or crushed downwardly at the proper time for closing the upper end of said recesses and locking the knot ends of the tufts therein; n Fig. 11 is a view substantially corresponding with Fig. 9 and illustrates the die-plate,

in this instance having a smooth lower surface, as pressed downwardly on the shoulder surrounding the recesses of the brush back for the purpose of closing said recesses around the knots of the tufts, and

Fig. 12 is a top view of a portion ofa brushback of the character shown in Fig. 10, said backhaving tuft receiving sockets or recesses surrounded by annular ribs or shoulders.

In the drawings, 10, 11,12 denote three outline of a tooth brush back. The die-plate 1() differs from the plates 11, 12 in that. it l is formed `with holes which align'with but are of greater diameter than the holes 15 in the blocks or plates 11, 12. In the preferred construction the die-plate 10 is equi ped in its'apertures or holes with bushings 1 which project below the plate 10 and have beveled lower edges, the lower annular ed es of said bushingsbeing tapered downwardgly and inwardly, as clearly shown in thedrawings. The holes within the bushings 17 align with the holes 15 in the blocks or plates 11, 12, but are greater in diameter than said holes 15, since-the bushings are intended not only to receive the bristles for the tufts 1,6, but'the rubber or other solution applied on the knot vends of said bristles to form the tufts and secure the bristles of each tuft together.

Fig. '2 illustrates the several plates or blocks as having had the bristles for the tufts 16 threaded into the holes thereof, said bristles terminating at the lower edgesnof the bushings 17 and extending above the upper surface of the block or plate 12, lthis being 'the normal condition of the'bristles for the several tufts in the rst step of the process of forming the tufts.

' vIn Fig. 3 I illustrate the second step of my process, and in Fig. 3 it will be seen that the tufts of bristles 16 have been moved downwardly through the several plates until the upper ends of said bristles are on a level with the upper surface of the plate 12 and the lowerends of said bristles are correspondingly projected downwardly below the die-plate 10.

When the bristles for the various tufts are in the relation to the several plates shown in Fig. 3, I use said plates as a means for carrying the various tufts and in dipping the lower ends of said ,tufts into a rubber solution 18 contained within a suitable pan said tufts downwardly with the aid of said or the like 19, so that the said ends of the bristles of the individual tufts may be `se-v cured together, the lower ends of the bristles of each tuft or bunch independently receiving the rubber or other binding solution so that on the lower end thereof ahead is formed securing all of the bristles of the bunch or tuft together. When the lower ends of the tufts are dipped into the rubber solution, said solution will enter in between the bristles of the tufts and thoroughly coat the ends of the same and form heads of rubber on said tufts, as 'represented at the lower portion of'Figs. 3 and 4. After removing the series of tufts from the rubber solution, I allow the rubber on the ends of the tufts to partly cure or oxidize by eX- posure to the air for a limited period, preferably allowing the blocks, die-plate and bristles to stand over-night, preparatory to the vulcanizing of the rubber on the ends of the tufts, this condition being represented in Fiff. 4.

r[Ihe next step in my process is to slide the die-plate 10 toward the lower ends of the tufts 16 until the knot endsof the tufts carrying the rubber are within the Ibushings 17, or to the position shown in Fig. 5, and thereupon I place the several plates when in the condition and relation to each other shown in Fig. 5, upon a steam or other heated table, which may be represented by the line 20 in Fig. 5, and allow the same to remain on said table until the vulcanization of the rubber has been completed. The heat of the table 20 'will be imparted to the plate 10 and bushings 17, and first the heads of rubber at the ends of the tufts will become softened and conform to the shape of the bores of the bushings 17, and thereafter the continued action of the heat will result in the/rubber of the heads becoming vulcanized and in said heads taking the form of the bores or openings insaid bushings and rmly binding the bristles of each tuft'together.

After the rubber on the ends of the tufts has become properly `vulcanized I slide the plate 1 0 up against the plate or block 11 and apply va top plate or block 21 against the upper ends of the series of tufts, pressing plate or block 21 in an even manner until the knot ends of the several tufts project below the plate 10, as I represent in Fig. 6. I then utilize the several plates or blocks holding the series of tufts as a means 4for dipping the knot ends of the tufts into a cementitious solution 22 contained within a suitable pan or the like 23, as shown in Fig. 6, so that the rubber heads on the knot ends of the tufts may receive a thin coating, which I number 24 in Fig. 7, of the cementitious material. The material 23 will preferably be in the nature of a pyroxylin cement, especlally when the tufts are to be lthe closing of the upper edges of ,or sockets26 against the same. Thereafter loid or other pyroxylin material.

After the tufts have' received .their coating p 24 of the cementitious material, all ofthe knot ends ofthe tufts, while the tufts are still held within the several platesor blocks, are introduced into the recesses or sockets 26 provided within Vthe back or body 25, as shown in Fig. 7 in the brush back or body 25 are of greater depth than the height of the heads, which I number-.27, on the knot ends of the tufts, so that a space ory clearance approximately about onex-zthi rty-seconet of an inch is left in said sockets or recessesk above the material on the knot ends of theftufts, as represented invFigs. 7 and8.

The next step in my'process of manufacture, from that shown in Figs. 7 and 8, is to forcibly pressl downwardly against the body or brush `back25 the several'superposed blocks or plates lower beveled edges of the bushings 17 to crowd or compress the material of said body or ,back an annular lines surrounding the respective recesses or sockets 26 inwardly against the bristles of the tufts and above the heads 27 formed thereon, as shown in Fig. 9,`whereby in'addition/to the action of the coatings 24: of cementitious material on the heads 27, the tufts become securely anchored within the body of the back 25 by the recesses the assembled plates or blocks may be stripped upwardly from the tufts, leaving the tufts in the brush body or yback 25, thereby completing the operation of not only forming the tufts, but securing them in position in a brush back or body, all of the tufts being secured in position simultaneously and in theoutline predetermined for the brush. ,f/ In lieu of employing the bushings 17 having the beveled lower edges, I may employ a die-plate of the modified form numbered 28 in Figs. 10 and 1l, said plate having a smooth lower surface instead of the projecting beveled surfaces presented by the bushings 17. y

In the employment of the plate 28 I will form around the upper edges of the recesses or sockets in the brush back or body, numbered 29 in Figs. 10 and 11, annular ribs or shoulders 30 surrounding the upper ends of the respective recesses or sockets in'said brush back or body, and after the knot ends of the several tufts have been introduced into the recesses or sockets of the brush The recesses or sockets'26- back or body 29, the series of plates will be formed on the knot ends of the tufts, thereby moving a portion of the material of the back or body 29 inwardly against the tufts In ig. V12 I illustrate a top and above said heads, as representedin 11, and'securng the of a brush back or body 29 the upper ends of its sockets 'o1' recessesl with the annular rihs'or shoulders 30. l

The plates l1, l2A may be in one pieceor form a single block, but preferably form the same in separate'parts toy be keyed together so that they may beadapted to tufts varying in length in 'accordance with the `style of brush desired. One

plate or block, such `asfll, would be sufficient forv short lengthtufts, but when tufts of the custom! ary length for tooth brushes are to be 'pror duced, I preferably usetwo plates or blocks 11, 12. The thickness of the blocks or plates (11 12 orof one block, if one ismade use of instead of two, will necessarily vary with the lengths oftufts to be produced.

After all of the tuftshave been-applied to thebrush back or brush body, the tufts may' be trimmed, as usual, for the varying styles 'of brushes and the back or body of the. brush may be `polished or otherwise treated, as ymay be desirable.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: Y

VThe improvement in the art' of brush making which consists in providing a brush tufts in position. view of a portion' equipped around.

cOctober., A.VD 1918.

yback in one integral piece of pyroxylin material having a series of tuft-receivingsockets extending inwardly from the face thereof, forming the tufts of bristles with heads on their knot ends firmly holding the bristles of the respective tufts together, said close the sockets and secure'the tufts, by

pressuresappliedy to the face ofthe back simultaneously at and annularly around and only at and annularly around said ends of said sockets. f

Signed at Newark, in the 'county of Essex and Stateof New Jersey, this 23rd day of ANDREW ALBRIGHT,

Witnesses:

THOMAS F. BARRY, O. .GARNETT BUDDISH.

JUNIOR.

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