US1410017A

US1410017A - Filter

Info

Publication number: US1410017A
Application number: US317296A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kessler Max
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1919-08-13
Filing date: 1919-08-13
Publication date: 1922-03-21
Anticipated expiration: 1939-03-21

Description

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APPLICATION ILED AUG-13| 1919. 1,410,017. Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

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FILTER.

APPLICATION FILED AUGJS, 1919. 1 ,410,01'7. Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

UNITED STATES MAX KESSLER, OF MANNHEIM, GERMANY.

FILTER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Blur. 21, 1922. i

Application led. Augustk 13, 1919. Serial No. 317,296. l

T o all whom it may concern.'

Be 1t known that I, Max Knssnnn, a subj 'pct of the King of Bavaria,residing at 39 eerlachstrasse, Mannheim, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Filters, (for which I have filed applications in Germany, Sept. 21, 1917; and addition, Nov. 20, 1917 g) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear and exact description of the invention.

My present invention pertains to filters, the objects, construction and advantages of which' will be'hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the annexeddrawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the filter; Fig. 2 a plan view of an inletdistributing late; Fig. 3 a plan view of a discharge-cohecting plate; Fig. 4 a vertical sectional view of a filter, composed of single shells; Fig. 5 a plan view of an inlet-distributing plate of this filter; Fig. 6,' a plan,

view of a discharge-collecting plate, cast in one piece with the shell; Fig. '7 a vertical sectional view of a further modification; Fig. 8 a plan view of an inlet-distributing plate of this filter; Fig. 9 a vertical sectional view of' a further modication, the inlet-distributing plates of which are provided on the edge with a circular projection on one side, and Fig. 10 a plan view of an inletdistributing plate of this filter.

In the heretofore known filters, having filter layers, arranged one above the other,

inlet-distributing plates and discharge 'collecting plates, provided on the upper and:

under side with ribs, being inserted alternately between the filter layers, the liquid was fed simultaneouslj7 to all inlet-distributing plates from a common inlet channel, so that all distributingplates were connected parallel to each other.

The air, enclosed between the inlet-distributing plates and the filter layers was forced through the filterlayers whereby these lagers were damaged, or it was conducted through a special channel, arranged near to the central channel for leading ofi' the filtered liquid. recording to the present inventionl the air is removed in a simple and efficient manner in that the liquid is not fed simultaneously to all inlet-distributing plates from a common inlet channel, but is fed successively in such a manner to the distributinglates, arranged in seriesthat it :Hows who y or partly over both sides of each inlet until they come finally to la sight glass, fromV which they" are removed by opening a cock or a discharge valve. f Y j Y In the filter shown-in Fig. 1 the casing consists of the base plate l, the cylindrical mantle 2 and the cover plate 3. The filter layers, the inlet-distributing plates and the j dischargecollecting plates are arranged in the casing in the following manner:V

On the base plate lis placed a lter layer 4'upon this'an inlet distributing Vplate 5, on this a filter layer 4, on this a dischargecollecting plate 6, and in this order,'according tothe size of the filter, the

filter layers

42, 43, 44 and-45 the inlet distributing plates and the discharge collecting plates are placed in the casing. The coverplate 7 is placedon the top filter layer45. Pressure is exerted on all the filter layers by the cover plate 7, which is depressed by means of a nut 10 in a vertical axially arrangedshaft 10 which is fixed in base plate 1 and extends up through the casing. The filter layers are formed at their inner and outer edges on opposite sides with projections 11, which extend past the outer edges of the distributing plates 5 and the inner edges of the discharge collecting. plates 6. As the projections of adjacent layers are in contact With each other said layers form a continuous zigzag filtering path. j

vWhen the filter layers are compressed as required by the cover plate 7, the mantle'2 of the casing is put on the base plate 1, a packing ring 13 being inserted between the mantle and the base plate. 'Ihe casing is thenclos'ed, by the cover 3, a packing ring 13 being inserted between the cover andthe mantle 2. The cover 3 is press the nut 12 against the packing ring 13a and the mantle 2, so that the casing is made tight in all parts.

The liquid to be filtered is fed through the ed down byk 80 working on a threaded spindleV 8, mounted' e the pressing plate7 and the channel 18 of y upper part with a ribbed the spindle 8 into the sight glass 19; Y From this glass the air escapes by a cock 20, which is opened at the beginning of' the process, while it is closed when liquid enters into the y glass 19. y

. The liquid is filtered by passing from theV distributing plates 5 through the filter layers 4 to the discharge collecting plates 6. These plates 6 are provided on both sides with ribs, in the saine `manner as the distributing plates 5. The `filter layers' are supported by the ribs andthe liquid is conducted in the channelsbetiveen the ribs.

The filtered liquid passes from the dis charge collecting plates 6 into the outer collecting chamber between the cylindrical mantle 2, the periphery of the filter layers, 4 A4342....i5

`and the cover plate cover 3. On `the latter is arranged a sight glass 21, provided with an air cock 22, for the escape of the air from the outer collecting chamber. In the lower end of this chamber the discharging channel 23 is provided from which the fi tei-ed liquid is discharged.

The filter,shown in Fig. 4f, is built up ott single filter shells. The path of the Vliquid in this filter is opposite to that of the first describedfilter, the liquidbeing fed to the outer' chamber of the casing and drawn off from the central channel. This filter is con:- strncted as follows:

On the base plate 25, provided porting ribs is laced afilter layer 1li and a surrounding filter shell V26, provided in its late 27, having n this plate is a large central opening.

In the placed the following filter layer 14.

central openings ofthese filter layers is placed abushing 28. 1 On this bushing is put Vthe collecting plate 29 and on this the following filter layer 142. Then the second filter shell 26 with the `distributing plate 27 is brought in place and Vso on. y On the last distributing plate 272 of the filter shell 262` is put a filter layer 145 and on this the cover 30. By means of a screw spindle '31 provided on its upper end with a handy wheel 32 the cover 30is pressed down until the filter` shells `26,126 and 262 by packing rings 40 are tightened against each other as well as against the base Vplate25` the never. 30,` Foethis purpse, the Screw 7' and spindle 31 is arranged'in the'itraverse 33, connected by` rods 34 with the base plate.

The liquid to be filtered, enters through the channel 35 of the base plate' 25, rises in the under part 36 of the outer annular channel, formed by the periphery of the filter layers 14 and the filter shell 26 until it reaches the first distributing plate 27. The liquid then iioivs around this plate, first on the under side from, the peripherytothe center, then on the upper side frointhe center to the periphery and enters in the followT` ing part 36 of the outer annular channel of the secondfilter shell 26.Vv In this manner the liquid flows around all distributing plates 2T and carries the air, from between `the supporting ribs of these plates and the filter.i

layers along `with it. The air is thendischarged in a lknown manner through thevair cock 37 of the sight glass 38.

As therev isa difference of vpressure be,

tween the distributing plates 27and the cols lecting platev 29, the unfiltered liquid is fil-E tered flowing through the filterlayers ,to the collecting plates 29. The liquid. then passes through channels 39 of theV bushing 28 into the central collecting channel, formed by the bushings 28 and leaves they filter through the discharge channel 4,1 of the base plate25. n Y n ,I

In Figs. Zand 8a modification is shown, in which the distributing vplates`42 are prof vided on the peripherywith an outer riband are perforated near this rib. AIn thisar-` rangement the liquid flows onthe under side ofthe plates 42 from the center to vtheppe-l ripliery and is fedv through .the openings 43 to the upper side of the plate Vand to the inner central kchannel 4K1, which is Vformed` by the central openings of the filter layer 241.

It `will be understood, that the distributing plates ,mayV have a vgreater or lesser number of openings 13, than shown inFig. 8,' y as even a small movement of the liquid,.flowvi ing continuously from the entrance .to the upper part of the filter, will be suflicient to carry the air along with it.

This movement.V can also be obtained by using distributing iio plates, vvhich allow one part of the .liquid toV 'flow directly to the following plate, sothat `only a smallpart off the liquidV will f loiv over all sides ofl thefvdistributing plated` `This maybe effected, by arranging on that edge of the distributing plates, which is in connection with the inlet channel, arestrictionof the free passage. 1

A filter' of this constructiomin nhichithe liquidiivsy fed through the outer ringcliannel and is Adischarged from the centralchannel,

is shown in Fig. 9 in vertical section. Fig.,

10 is asplan View of a distributing plate.

The ribbed distributing plate 15() reaching with its louter edge .into the,outercir-l cular. feeding channel 136 of the filter, is

provided on its edge on theupper side vvith iso rises inthe outer annular space 136, sur-- rounding the filter` layers-140 and the `distributing plates 150, and flows on the under n side of these plates between the ribs of the same and the filter layer 140. In its further passage the. liquid flows around the inner edge of the plate and 'over the upper side of the same to the annular channel 55, carrying with itthe air, from the space between the ribs of the distributing plates. This air escapes through the slits 54 and rises in the outer annular space 136, from the upper end of which it is discharged Yin a knownV manner. ItA does not matter if a small quantity of liquid enters through the slits 54 to the ribs of the upper side of the distributing plates. `The main streaml has the opposite direction, so that the air is driven to the annular channel 55 and can escape through the slits 54 into the outer annular space 136. j v "During filtration the liquid ows from the.`distributing plates 150 through the filter layers 140 to vthe collecting plates 106, 'the inner edge of which reaches the (not shown) centralV shaft.Y In allV places, where liquid is taken away'froni a distributing plate 150, of course a new quantity of liquid flows to the plate, coming from the side opposite thecircular projection 53, because here the liquid can enter without difliculty. Therefore during-'filtration astream of liquidaroundthe distributing plates l5() is maintained, so that all bubbles of air or gas .are driven to the annular channel 55 and escape through the slits 54 to t-he outer annular space:

The same effect is obtained, when the annular projection 53 is arranged on the under side of the distributing plate 150. In a filter in which the liquid flows in an opposite direction, i. e., is fed through the central channel, while it is discharged out of the outer annular channel, the restriction is arranged on the inner edge of the distributing plates,`

reaching tothe central channel. The effect is the same as in the first described arrangement.

I claim:

l. In a filter, a casing, spaced impervious inlet distributing plates and alternating impervious discharge collecting plates in said casing, filter elements included between said plates, said plates extending but partly over the area of the filter' element-s, and said filter elements having contacting portions beyond the edges of the plates to formacontinuous zig-zag filtering path, means to supply the liquidto be filtered to the distributing plates, and means to collect liquid from the discharge plates.

2. In afilter, a casing, spaced circular, im-

pervious inlet distributing plates and alternating impervious discharge collecting plates in said casing, said plates having ribs forming grooves extending to the-periphcries thereof, and filter 'elements between the plates having circular contacting portions beyond the edge ol said plates to form a continuous zig-Zag filteringpath.

3.l In a filter, a casing, imperviousinlet distributing plates and alternating impervious collecting and dischargelplates, said plates having ribs-on both sides, forming grooves 'terminating at their peripheries, filter element-s between the plates, having contacting portions extending beyond the edges of' the respective plates to forni |a continuous zig-zag filtering path, an inletchamber communicating with said distributing plates, and a discharge chamber communicating with the discharge plates.

4. In a filter, .a casing, inlet imperviousv distributing plates and alternating impervious collecting and discharge plates, said lates havingv ribs lon both sides thereof forming grooves extending to the peripheries'otthe plates, the grooves on one sideofl a plate communicating with the Ygrooves on the other side at the outer edge of 'the plate, and filter elements included between-tbe ilates having ortions extending Vast the edges ofthe plates to *form a continuous zigzag filtering path, afchamber'common to all the distributing plates' and a chambercommon to all the collecting plates. l

` 5. In a` filter, a casing, inletvdistributing plates and alternating discharge plates,'filter elements between said plates, each element having a portion extending beyondA the edge of an inlet` plate and contacting with a portion extending beyond the edge of a dis charge plate, thereby forming a continuous zig-zag filtering path, a central chamber extending through the casing and communieating with the distributing plates, air venting means for said chamber, a peripheral chamber between the casing and filter elements communicating with the discharge plates, and air venting means for said chamber. i

6. In a filter, a casing, a central shaft mounted therein, impervious annular distributing plates in axial contact with the shaft, im aervious annular discharge plates interpose between the distributing plates, the inner edges of the discharge plates being out of contact with the central shaft, thereby forming interior annular spaces bevtween saidedges and the shaft, said plates having ribs on both sides thereof forming grooves extending from their inner edges to the peripheries of the plates, and filtering elements between the plates extending beyond the periplieries of the distributing plates and beyond the inner edges of the ischarge plates to form a continuous zigza filtering path. p

In a filter, a casing, a vertical shaft centrally mounted therein, impervious annular distributing plates, impervious annular discharge plates interposed between the distributing plates, theinner edges of the distributing plates, contacting with the shaft and the outer edges of the discharge plates contacting with the casing, said plates having ribs on both sides `forming grooves eX` tending from their inner toV their outer edges, and filtering elements between the )lates having contacting portions extending beyond the outer edges of the distributing plates and the inner edges of the discharge f plates, said elements forming an inner annular chamber common to the distributing plates and an outer annular chamber' com-y mon` to the discharge plates.

8. In a filter, a casing,.a centrally arranged' vertical shaft mounted therein, a plurality of superposed filtering elements surrounding the shaft and cooperating with the shaft and casing to form inner and outer annular chambers, a plurality of impervious annular distributing plates `between the flterin elements and Vhaving grooves forme( in both faces communicating with the inner annular chamber, and a plurality of impervious annular discharge plates between thefilteringelements alternating with the distributing plates and having grooves `formed in both faces communicating with the outer annular chamber.

9. In a filter, a casing, a centrally arranged vertical shaft mounted therein, a plurality of superposed filtering elements surrounding the shaft and cooperating with the latter andcasing to form inner and outer annular chambers, a plurality of impervious annulary distributing plates interposed between the filtering elements, the inner edges of said plates dividing the inner cham-` ber into separate compartments, ribs on both sides of said plates forming grooves communicating vwith said compartments, a plurality of impervious annular discharge plates interposedrbetween the yfiltering elements and alternatin with the distributing plates, the outer e ges of the dischargey plates dividing the outer annular chamber into separate compartments, ribs on both sides of the discharge platesforming grooves communicating with the last named compartments. y

10. In a ilter, a easing, a centrally arranged vertical shaft mounted therein, a plu'- rality of superposed filtering elements surrounding the shaft and cooperating with the latter and casing to form inner and outer annular chambers, a plurality of'impervious `annular distributingplates interposed bepartments, aninlet conduit communicating with the bottom Vcompartment of the 4inner annular chamber and anoutlet conduit com? municating with the bottom compartment of the outer annular chamber. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this'spe'cification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

` MAX KESSLER. Y

WVitnesses G. A. OTT,

B. Pross.