US1407127A - Method of making scissors, shears, tweezers, and the like - Google Patents

Description

w. F. CONCANNON. METHOD OF MAKING SCISSORS, SHEARS, TWEEZERS, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24,1920.

1 407 127 I Patented Feb. 21,

ATTORNEYS I ran STATES ATE-NT QFFEQEQF:

' WILLIAM F. ooNoAnNon; or sarnenroniyqo mnoljropr;

; METHOD AKI G sorssons, sHEARs; TWEEZERS, AND T E LIKE. jp 1 iaoa a i.

To all whom it may. concern:

oANrIoN, a citizen of the United States, re-

siding at Bridgeport, county of ,Fairfieltl,

" Shears, Tweezers, and the like, of. which the following is aspeci fication. v v. This invent on rehtes to the manufacture of scissors, shears, tweezers, and the like and has for its object to provide, a simple and inexpensive'method whereby articles of the present character maybe produced, the

I 4 novel method of, the invention being especially useful in the; production of scissors and shears of exceptional cuttingand wearing quality by reason of the fact that each of the steps of the method is capable of being practiced upon crucible tool steelof high carbon content.

The members of the scissors,;shears, tweezers, and the like, resulting from the novel method of the invention are produced by successive steps performed upon separate strips or ipieces of rod or wire, preferably crucible tool steel wire-of highv carbon content. ln practicing the method, I usea strip or piece of rod or wire ofany desired length and gauge to form a scissors, shear, or tweezers member of the ,desired size. The wire is preferably though not necessarily, provided with a groove in one of its ends, is curled to form the bow of'the scissors, shear ortweezers member, is offset to give theblade the proper set with respect to the handle, the blade is forged and subsequently trimmed and shaped, the members are tempere'd and 'finished, the finishing operation consisting of any desirable and necessary steps, such 'as grinding the blades, bufling and polishing the-blades and handles,-electroplating, etc., and the members are finally assembled to produce the finishedarticle.

The method of the invention will now be fully described and will hereinafter be specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification,

Fig. 1 is a view of a strip or piece of wire from which the scissors, shear or tweezers member is to be formed;

Fig. 2 is a view of the wire after it has been curled to form the bow;

Fig. 3 is a view showing the bowed wire after it has been offset; V

Fig. 4 is a view showing the bowed and Applicationfiled J1me 24,.l920. .Seria1-No-.391,261 1 Specification of lietters latentf off et Wire after the forging operation ofthe" method'hasbeen performed; 5 1

Fig. 5 is a vie'wo-f a scissors or shearmem- .b lcompletey S a of C nne ticut, haveinvented a? 1mmovementin Methods of Making Scrssrors7v Fig. 6 :is a view of a pair of scissors-or shears composed of .two members similar to' the member OfFig.:-5-; and

, Fig. -7 is a .view of. a-..pair of tweezers made in accordance with the. principles "of the invention.

lOdenQt-es astrip or piece of wire, preferiably .crucibletool steel wire,-:of any desired length and gauge, depending upon the shape a and size of thescissors,shear, or tweezers ,member to be formed- The-strip or piece of wire is preferably, though'not necessarily,--.: provided witha groove 11 in Tone of its ends."

The wire as show nin Fig.- 1 of the drawing may be; first curled to form: the bow 12, as

inF-ig. 2, and thenoffset, 'or may 'beofli'set as. indicated at 13 in 'Fig. =i3' and the :bow 12-- afterwards formed. 1 The curling andioffsetti'n-g may @be singly. or .jointly. performed 'eithe'rsby handior inany other suitable manner, as by placing the cwire in a fixture' made for the purpose; As disclosed veryaclearly .1: 1 inthe .cl-raw-ing,-the,groove in the end of the wire is. adapted to allow the end of the wire to closely to the handle of the member after the-bow is formed. =It will'beobvious that theprovision of the groove in an-end "of, the wire forms. no essential step I in the manufacture of the members; ;It.,.will:like wise be obvious that-i the bow cangbe :made to assume any desired shapeor styleand can bemade anydesiredsize, andthat thetof'fsetting can be done at any desired-location .on the strip or piece of wire. and, can be as pronounced as may be desirable to Y formfla blade suitable for scissors, shears, tweezers, or the like. Should it'be found desirable, the ofi'setting step of the method can be dis pensed with;

After-the bow has been formed, and after the handle has been properly ofi'setto give the portion of the wire, denoted by 14:, that is to form the blade the proper set with respect to the handle, the member is readyfor the forging operation of the method, which, as suggested in Fig. 4, is performed upbn the portion of the wire that is. to compose the blade. It is an easy matter to obtain a blade of any desired shape, such for example as an oval blade, a double swaged blade, a

square or fiat blade, a blade suitablefor tweezers, or the like, by means of dies made 7' sequence.

and sunk for the purpose. It will be evident that the blade may be forged to provide a shoulder 15 as is usually found in scissors, or the blade may be forged without this shoulder.

After the blade has been forged it is next trimmed to shape, as suggested in Figs. 4c

and 5. The trimming can be done in any desired or preferred manner.

' The member is now ready for the tempering, finishing and assembling operations, which may be performed in any ordinary or preferred manner and in any suitable I preferably proceed in the following manner. After the handle has been curled to form the bow and the blade has been offset, forged and trimmed to shape, 1 match the blades with each other and then drill them, as suggested at 16 inFig. 5, to make them ready to be assembled by means of a screw or a rivet as may be desirable. I

next temper each member in a well known manner by applying to it the proper degree of heat for the necessary period of time to give to the material used the desirable cutting and wearing qualities. I next grind the blade in a manner also wellknown, and preferably use for this purpose a stone or emery wheel upon which water is allowed to run to keep the member cool for an obvious reason. The handle and bow is finished and polished on a bull? wheel made of muslin or cotton with emery and grease applied, and the blade is polished on a wood wheel dressed with emery, grease and wax, to prepare the member for electroplating which is done in usual manner. After the electroplating has been accomplished, the member is buffed on a cotton buff made of muslin and run at high speed, a composition of lime and wax being applied to the cotton buff to give the metal, usually nickle, a brilliant luster. The blade is finally sharpened, in the case of scissors,

shears, and the like, to give it the proper cutting edge. This is a delicate operation and must be performed by an expert.

. The members are next assembled, and after being assembled the blades are properly set for cutting. A final bufiing is given to insure the brilliant luster of the metal, and after cleaning the finished article with a soft cloth it is ready for the market.

It is essential, when manufacturing scissors of the present type, that the blades be located at predetermined distances from the handlesin order that the members can be properly united, and the finished scissors can be evenly balanced. The position of the-oil'- set can vary to a slight extent, an amount greater than the variations in shapes and sizes of the formed bows. I have found in practice that it is preferable to measure from the free ends of the formed bows, after the same have been set to locate the positions of the blades, this for the reason that there are variations in shapes and sizes of the curled bows. Furthermore, in the manufacture of scissors from high carbon steel, no difficulty is experienced in performing the offsetting and bowing operations while the metal is cold. The heat required to forge the blades necessarily disturbs the nature of the steel scissors, shears, tweezers and the like of tool steel of high carbon content, which consists in curling and offsetting a strip or piece of wire while cold to form the bow of the memher and to make provision for locating the blade of the member, and in afterwards locating the blade and forging and trimming the same to proper shape and size.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

WILLIAM F. CONOANNON.

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