US1403830A - Decorticating mechanism - Google Patents

Description

C. BARBIERI DECORTICATING MECHANISM.

- APPLICATION FILED AUGJT, 1918- 1,403,830;

Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

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DECORTICATING MEQHANISM. APPLICAUON FILED AUG-17, 1918- 4 1,403,830. Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

6 SHEETSSHEET 2- C. BARBIERI.

DECORTICATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATlON FILED AUG-17,1918.

Patented Jan. 17, 1922.,

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DECORTICATING MECHANISM. APPLICAHON man Aue.17. 1918.

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Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

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c. BARBIERI. DECORTICATING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.I7, 1918- Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

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C. BARBIERI.

DECORHCATING MECHANISM.

, APPLICATION FILED AUG.I7, 191a.

Patented Jan. 17, 1922.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 17. 1918. ,Serial No. 250,851. 2.

To all whom it may cov'wem:

Be it known that I, Cesium BARBIERI, a subject of the King of Italy, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Decorticating Mechanism, of which the following is a specification, reference beingv had therein to the accompanyingdrawing.

My invention relates to machines for breakin and scutching, and cleaning fibrous materia and while the machine herein illustrated and described is particularly adapted for breaking and scutching, and cleaning hemp stalks the novel principles embodied therein may be readily incorporated in ma chines for operating upon other like material such as flax and jute.

In certain prior machines the fibrous material has been moved laterally over a table having converging sides along each of which latter are arranged breakin and scutching devices which also have t eir axes convergently disposed in harmoIIiy with the converging sides of the table. 11 such a structure the fibrous stalks are acted on simultaneously from each end inwardly which necessitates the provision of some means for breaking and scutching the central portions of the stalks, after they have passed over or substantially passed over the table, in addition to the employment of twobreaking and scutching devices for normal operation.

It is, therefore, the purpose of my invention to provide a machlne wherein the stalks are moved lengthwise while being acted upon by the breaking and scutching device, whereby the stalks are treated rogressively from one end to the other end by a single breaking and scutching device, the direction of lengthwise movement of the stalks being at an angle (preferably a right angle)-to the breaking and scutching device.

It is also my purpose to provide novel means for combin the treated material after it'leaves the brea ing and scutching device,

and novel means for whipping the material after the combing operation is completed.

Another purpose of m invention is to provide a trans er device or conveying material to the breaking and scutching device, together with means for supportin one 1 batch of material above the transfer evice while another batch is being treated by the machine, and then automatically delivering suchmaterial to the transfer device as the treated vmaterial is being delivered from the machine. 1

. Furthermore, it is my purpose to provide means for delivering the treated material fromthe machine in a folded state by mechanism controlled by the same means which controls the delivery of material to the initial transfer device. 4

Generally speaking, it is the purpose of my 1nvent1on to improve and simpllfy machines of this type, reatly enhance their efliciency and material y increase the output of work. 7

I will describe my invention in the best form known to me at present and as applied Patented Jan. 17, 1922'.

to a machine for breaking and scutching hemp stalks, but it will be apparent that it is susceptible to changes 1n forms and Figure 1 is a side elevation of a breaking le mechanical adonly ordinary mechosen to illustrate my wherof is pointed out and scutching machine constructed in accordance with my invention;

Figure 2, a planview of what is shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3, an enlarged longitudinal section of a fragment of the machine showing the breaking and scutching mechanism and the rotary and oscillating combing devices;

Figure 4, a. lan view of what is shown in Figure 3 part y broken away;

Figure 5, an enlarged longitudinal section of a portion of the machine showing the mechanism for sagging and whipping the treated material and the mechanism for delivering the treated material in a folded state;

Figure 6, in Figure 5;

Figure 7, a detail elevation showing additional elements of the mechanism for sagging and whipping the treated material;

Figure 8, a detail view of the oscillating combing device showing the position of the parts ust before movement is imparted a plan view of what is shown thereto to cause its effective stroke;

Figure 9, a section on the 'line 99 of Figure 11, a section on the line 1111 of Fi ure 5. v

eferring to the drawings, my improved machine is shown as comprising a frame A having spaced side members 15 and 16, between which the major portion of the elements of the machine are disposed. J ou rnaled transversely of the frame is a mam drive shaft 17- adapted to be operatively connected to any suitable source of power through the medium of belting or otherwise. Fixed on the shaft 17 outwardly of the side member 15 is a gear 18 which meshes with a gear 19 fixed on a shaft 20. Mounted transversely of the frame A is a break bar 21 and rotatably mounted on the frame on one side of the bar 21 is a cylinder 22 carrying spirally arranged breaking and scutching blades 23 adapted to act upon material as it is fed across the bar 21. Fixed on one of the trunnions of the cylinder 22 is a gear 24 which meshes with the gear 19 to impart the necessary rotary movement of the cylinder 23. Rotatably mounted on the frame A and on the opposite side of the bar 21 from the cylinder 22 is a feed roller 25, which is positively driven in a manner to be hereinafter referred to. Cooperating with the feed roller 25 and disposed above the latter is an idle feed roller 26 supported between arms 27 pivoted to the frame A.

To feed the stalks lengthwise to the rollers 25 and 26, I provide an inclined table 28 between the side members of the frame. A suitable opening 29 is provided in the table 28 to allow the roller 25 to project therethrough and enter 'into 0 erative engagement with the roller 26. utwardly of the table 28, between the side members of the frame, is an inclined endless conveyor 30, the upper reach of which is'disposed above the upper surface of the table 28. Fixed on the trunnion of the inner roller of the conveyor 30 is a belt wheel 31, which is connected by a belt 32 with a belt wheel 33 fixed on the shaft 17, whereby the necessary movement is imparted to the conveyor. Rotatably mounted between the side members 15 and 16 is a shaft 34 which has fixed on its ends arms 35 and 36, the connection between the said shaft and said arms being intermediate the ends of the latter. Pivoted on the trunnions of the inner roller of the conveyor 30 are levers 37 the inner ends of which are pivotally connected to corresponding ends of the arms 35 and 36, respectively, the free ends of said arms being connectedby a bar 38. The outer ends of the levers -37 are connected by a rod 39,

to which is fixed an angular member 4O which serves as a support for the ends of the stalks in a manner that will hereinafter be referred to. .Pivotally connected to the ends of the rod 39-are han ers 41, the lower ends of which are pivotally connected respectively to bell cranks 42, which latter are in turn pivotally'm'ounted' on the side members 15 and 16 respectively. The free ends of corresponding arms of the bell cranks 42 are connected by a rod 43 upon which is hung an operating weight 44 for a purpose that will presentlyappear. Slidably mounted in suitable guides 45 on the side members 15, for longitu'dinalmovement, is a rod 46, the outer end of which is operatively connected to the adjacent bell crank 42. The inner end of the rod 46 carries a roller 47 which cooperates with a cam 48 fixed on a shaft 49 journaled transversely of the frame and acquiring its rotative movement through the medium of the connections to be later referred to. .It will be noted that the surface of the cam 48 is the arc of a circle with the exception of that embodied within the limits of a notch 50. This cam controls the delivery of the stalks to the conveyor 30. When the roller 37 is in engagement with that surface of the cam 48 which is the are of a circle the various transfer device hereto ore described are in the position shown in Fi re 1. Under such conditions, the stalks to e fed to the breaking and scutching device are supported above the conveyor 30by the angle member 40 and the bar 38 with their lengths parallel to the direction of movement of the upper reach of the conveyor 30. As soon as the .cam 48 rotates a suflicient distance to dispose the notch 50 in a position to receive the roller 47, then the weight 44 will move downwardly and force the roller into said notch. This downward movement of the weight 44, through the medium of the connections previously described, will swing the outer ends of the levers 37 downwardly and this will cause the support 40 and the bar 38 to move downwardly until the supported stalks are engaged by the up )er reach of the conveyor 30, when sai stalks will be moved lengthwise over the table 28 until they pass between the rollers 25 and 26. The stalks will then be moved b these rollers lengthwise across the break bar 21 and acted upon by the breaking and scrutchin blades 23 while being so moved. After t e roller 47 has moved to the bottom of the notch 50 the opposite wall of said notch will act upon the roller to return the rod 46 and the parts operatively connected therewith to their initial position.

After the material has been acted u on by the blades 23 it asses between. the eed rollers 51, 52 and t ence between the feed arts of the material rollers 53, 54. The rollers 51 and 53 are vice which embodies a rectangular frame wardl member 57 fixed on the shaft 20 and having the sides thereof, which extend transversel of the machine, provided with'comb teet 58. In the passage of the material between the rollers 51, 52 and 53, 54 it is acted upon by an oscillating combing device which embodies a pivoted member 59 extendin across the frame of the machine and to t 0 free end of this member there is pivotally connected a combing element 60 which also extends across the machine and carries at its free end combing teeth 61 directed toward the material which passes above the device. The member 59 also has fixed to its free end a supporting plate 62 designed to support the material in advance of the teeth 61, during the combing stroke of the device. Pivoted to the member 59, intermediate the ends of the latter, is a second member 63 and the free 'end of this member is connected to the combing element intermediate the ends of the latter by links 64. Secured eccentrically to the gear 19 is one end ofa pitman 65 and the other end of this pitman is operatively connected to the member 63 at the point of the connection ofthe latter with the link 64. Fixed upon the shaft 20 out of the side member 16 is a disk 66 to which is secured eccentrically one end of a pitman 67 while the other end of said pitman is connected to the member 63 in the same relation as the pitman 65 andit ma be noted that both of the pitmen 65 and 6 bear the same eccentric relation to the shaft 20. In operation, it will be apparent that as the shaft 20 is rotated the two sets of teeth 58 will successively ioperate upon the material between the bar 21 and the rollers 51, 52 to effect combing of such material. During this rotation of the shaft 20 the pitmen 65 and 67 will oscillate the member 59. During the movement of this member in the direction of the rollers 53, 54 the member 63 and the links 64 will operate to lift the free end of the combing member 60 upwardly and dispose the teeth 61 in operative position so that throughout this stroke of the member 59 the teeth! 61 will effectively comb the material between the rollers 51, 52 and 53, 54. Following this operationthe member 59 will be drawn toward the rollers 51, 52 by the pitmen 65 and 67. When this movement of the pitmen is instituted the member 63 is drawn slightly away from the member 59 and the link 64 will then act to move the teeth 61 downwardly so that during the entire stroke of the member 59 toward the rollers 51, 52 the teeth 61 are disposed out of engagement with the material or in ineffective position. -While'the member 59 oscillates the combing element 60 in reality reciprocates and the structure may be defined either as an oscillating combing device or a reciprocating combing device.

shaft and cam 48.

the rollers 53, 54, I rotatably mount between i the side members of the frame a shaft 68 and fix upon this shaft aroller 69 which cooperates with an idle roller 70 'ournaled between arms 71, the laltter being connected to the frame A in a suitable manner. Fixed upon the shaft 68 outwardly of and adjacent to the side member 15 is a star gear 72 with which cooperates a roller 73, mounted :on a disk fixed on a shaft 75 journaled transversely of theframe Ag. By this construction it w1ll be ap arent that while the roller 53 is continuous y driven to roduce a continuous feed of material the ro ler. 69 is only intermittently driven by rotation of the shaft 75 and that, therefore, a certain length of the material will successively sa between the roller 53 and the roller 69. owever, owing to the well-known operation of the star gear connections heretofore described the inter- 74, said disk being] pivotally mittent rotation of the roller 69 will,

throughout a certain part of its rotation, have a speed imparted to it considerably in excess of the feed produced .by the roller ply taking i of the machine is a supplemental drive shaft 76, which has fixed thereon a-belt wheel 77 in alinement with abelt wheel 78 fixed on the trunnion of the cylinder 22 and to which belt wheel 78 it is connected by a belt 79, whereby the rotation of the cylinder 22 will effect rotation of the shaft 76. Also, fixed on the shaft 76, is a gear 80 which meshes with a gear 81 fixed on the shaft 75 and whereby rotation of the latter is effected. Journa ed transversely of the frame A between the roller 53 and the shaft 68 is a shaft 82 and fixed upon this shaft is a sprocket wheel 83 which is operatively connected by a sprocket chain 84 with a sprocket wheel 85 fixed on the shaft 75. Also, fixed on the shaft 82 is a gear 86 which meshes with a gear 87 fixedon the trunnion of the roller 53 and whereby rotation of the roller 53 is effected. Fixed on the trunnion of the roller 53 is a sprocket wheel '88 which is operatively connected by a sprocket chain 89 with a sprocket wheel 90 fixed on the trunnion of the roller 51, and whereby rotation of the latter is secured. ,Fixed on the trunnion of the roller 51 is a gear 91, which meshes with a gear 92 fixed on the shaft 49 for the purpose ofefiecting rotation of said Also, fixed upon the trunnion of the roller 51 is a sprocket wheel 93 which is operatively connected by a sprocket chain 94 with a sprocket wheel 95 form 104. For forcin fixed on the trunnion of the roller 25, such connection effecting rotation of the roller as will be obvious.

In order to effect delivery of the treated material from the machine in a folded state, I provide a table extension 96 having a transverse opening 97 across which the material is fed. Above this opening I provide superimposed pairs of dehvery rollers 98, 99 and 100, 101, the rollers 98 and 100' being ositively driven and the rollers 99 and 101 being held a ainst the rollers 98 and 100, respectively, y spring pressed. bearings 102. These pairs of delivery rollers are covered by a deflecting shield 103 designed to direct the folded material upon an 1nclined platthe material between the delivery rollers, em loy a vertically movable blade 105 operating through the opening 97 and guided between rollers 106 mounted transversely of the frame beneath the table 96. This plate 105 is carried by a suitable holder 107 and is pivotally connected at its lower end to arms 108 fixed on a shaft 109 journaled transversely of the frame A. The shaft 109 also carries an arm 110 towhich one end of a rod 111 is pivotally connected. This rod 111 is mounted for sliding movement longitudinally in a uide 112 fixed on the frame A. The end 0% the rod 111 remote from the arm 110 is connected to the rod 46 by a union 113, whereby the movement of the rod 46 under the influence of the weight 44 and the cam 48 will produce a correspondin movement of the rod 111. In other wor s, when the rod 46 is moved inwardly to place material on the conveyor 30 corresponding movement will be imparted to the rod 111 to rotate the shaft 109 and elevate the blade-105 to force the treated material between the delivery rollers. The timing 'of the machine is such that when the plate 105 is elevated about one-half of the length of the treated material has passed over the opening 97 so that the central'portion of the treated material is first delivered between thedelivery rollers and in this wa 104. Fixe on the shaft 76 is a sprocket wheel 114 which is connected by a sprocket chain 115 with a s rocket wheel 116 on the trunnion of the rol er 100 so as to positively drive said roller. Also fixed upon the trunnion of the roller 100 is a gear 117 which meshes with an idle gear 118 and this idle ear in turn meshes with a gear 119 fixed on t e trunnion of the roller 98 so'that the the material is folded and subsequentl discharged upon the platform latter will be positively driven in the proper direction.

I claim 1. In a breaking and scutching machine, means for moving treated material, and means for successively sagging and jerking the material during its movement.

2. In a breaking and scutching machine, means for moving treated stalks longitudinally, and means for successively sag ing and jerking the treated stalks during t eir movement.

3. In a breaking and scutching machine, spaced means for movin scutched material, and means for varying t e movement of one of said means with respect to the other to sag" and jerk the material located between said means.

.4.'In a breaking and scutching machine, spaced rotar means for moving scutched material, an means for varying the speed of rotation of one means with res ect to the other to sa and jerk the materlal located between sai (means.

5. In a breaking and scutching machine, spaced rotar means for moving scutched material, an means for var ing the speed of rotation of one means be ow and above that of the other to sag and jerk the material located between said means. i

6. In a breaking and scutching machine, spaced transfer means for moving treated material, means for moving one of said transferring means continuously, and means for moving the other transferring means intermittently and at a greater speed than the first transferring means to sag and jerk the material between said transferring means.

7. In a breaking. and scutching machine, spaced rotatable transferring means i for moving treated material, means for rotating one of said transferring means continuously, means for rotating the. other transferring means intermittent y at greater speed than the first transfer means to sag and jerk} the material between said transferring means.

8. In a breaking and scutching machine, spaced rotatable "transferring means for moving treated material, means for rotating one of said transferring means continuopsly, and a star ear mechanism for rotating the other 'trans erring means intermittently ;at a speed greater than the first transferring means to sag and jerk the material between said transferring means.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

' OESARE BARBIERI.

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