US1403621A - patterson - Google Patents

Description

D. W. PATTERSON.

FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13, 19|?.

PaIenIed Jan. 17,1922.

D. WIVPMTERSON.

" FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED MMI. I3. |917.

1,403,621, :Patented Jan-.17,1922

D. W. PATTERSON.

FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13, 1917.

'1,403,621'. Patented Jan.17,'1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.`

I 2.a l;

JMW, Mn/1m MQ@ UNITE lllyllll'wll DELAWARE.

`lmm- Application :[ld Maurel; l

1 Y DMS @hle @lf lllcw YUW'. mf mili maw zml useful lnqlovemants im Flr@ 'fzlngfuslllng Systems, which lll@ lolis :u spacilcntlon.

'llhls invention )Jalal-s to lim extinguish iup; Systvms mul mo'ie pwlculm'ly m sy@- mmw'u'lQ :mining l' 'wl ish uncle' fire Cow muy www@ a SM1-nus" factor, asp@ l "NFO in.. 5

lllmllll lil..

1f wlmin the severed solutions aire kept se uisll tlm M ng chamber z'wlml. lima felmmlmm dllllcullms "which .l tanks.

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l w; @ufl Mmmm@ :mi: mmnlml 1210913 *show 00u:

V-tions byfemploying a single supply station from the solution, the latter being' delivered to the distributing connection or connections when the lire. requires the delivery of the solution and the protection afforded by the ei;- tiinguishing' composition. Since. the control devices are located at the tanks (practically at the endet a connection) suitable means are employed to belc'in the distribution at the time when the control device (generally a fusible element) becomes active.

ln the present embodiment of the invention, the means employed is in the form of compressed air7 the distributing system carrying` the air at an approximately constant pressure, the activity of the control device acting to affect this pressure and thereby start the solution supply mechanism into operation.

ln addition, the invention contemplates the delivery of the solution solely to tl e point where needed, thereby restricting the amount of solution delivered tothe system and decreasing` the amount of drainage required to restore normal conditions, with a consequent decrease in the cost of mainte nance.

The invention also contemplates control of the supply of extiiipuishinrgV material to extinguishing systems by differentiating pressures to enable the etinf ijuishina` medium to ,be normally maintained out of the distributing system and made active therein to bring;l the medium to the point of application a needed.

To these and other ends, the nature of which will be readily understood as the invention is hereinafter disclosed, said invention consists in the improved construction and combination of parts, together with the. improved methods indicated, all as hereinafterfully described, illustrated in the companying` drawings and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

ln the accompanying` drawings in which similar reference characters indicate. similar parts in keach of the views$- Figure l is a schematic view showing` a` general forni in which my present invention may be provided.

Figure ,2 is a view, partly in section and. partly in elevation showing portions of the system of Fie'. l.

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view, showing in side elevation one form of installation en a tank.

Figure l is a top plan view of parts shown in Fig. 8.

Figs. 5 and t3 are sectional views of two different Valve constructions which may be employed. V

Fi 'l' and 8 are detail views showing` a different way of connectinpthe :system the tank.

Figure S) is a sectional vieu' of :1 valvfI structure which may be employed.

lllhilc the general `priiu-iplrs ofi the pre ent invention are adapted for use with rinelc tanks, the invention is designed more par-- ticularly to meet conditions `.which are present where a number of tanks are so located as to permit each beine servcsl l'roin a single point by the use of pipev connccti' l l a supplystati m and the ndivid 1. l

thereby enablingr a supply o wpl .al :i single. point and readily maintained in proper condition for service.

ils heretofore pointed out. the system is preferably of a type adapted to operate under foaniextingrishinfr` lracticc. and hence employing a izilurality of solutions. noi-snail separated but brought toe'ethef.` and combined t0 produce the cxtingruhinj: nu Yiuin. llf icient service practically nece` sitate` reaining' the solutions, separate until they reach the vicinity f the lire and as the solations are each of a forni whicn may be affected to a more or less erteilt when in :i quiet state, it is desirableto keep them on: of the connections so far as is nr iblo until actual service conditions require the deliv ery of the solutions to the pour? of applicaY tionthe lire.

@ne vfay of meetingA his condition is pointed out in Patent o. Lllllxlll he. fore referred to and in which the wrluluur' are kept separate in ta ks and under conrpressed air pressiue a desired value. the connections beingf closed by valves al. pointu close to the solution tanks vvitl the valve: normally closcfl. lllhcn a lire occurs. a trip mechanism is made active to open the vulves. whereupon the solution. under tl-e action ot the pressures within the solution tanlrii. are brought to a mixinfr cl amber througjb which the entiire-uishing1` medium ifi; delivered t the point of apiilication. ln this foi m o i apparatus, the solutions are maintained under an approximately constant press-'ure ln. the present invention. the dclircry of the solution is provided by a suitable puno mechanism which is normally .inactive ly: rendered actire when the trip nieclrfnien mad-e active. such trip activity setinnin motion control mechanism operative en the pump prime moyen wl ereupon `the pump mechanism acts to pump the solutions info 'the connections and forces the solulioiu lo the mixing; chamber. is dcf-iirable in order to prevent freezing as vfcll :is 'the corrosive a tion of acid iiii.\',tine.'-4 that tbe conne'tions be of the dry pipe type. such connections are filled with a filling' niediuiu adapted to produce this result. :i pre'eialilo medium being; compressed air maintained at a substantially constant pressure while it is lll() wlw. 1 mi w p im die im ch a m suit NOE]

- W0 tm ii wat@ th o

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a mai 1u T com wn, w01 l W" mums@ the lsince ventsC are incapable of insintnin ssures in the sustein; for ins ope` pressure muy be ut governor isV eonneeted st: "me th up n pip urge side or the pi es follows suhstunti K Contro f eriee 32 being closed und the i i the system r dueed., as When teni is ,i l

the sys s 'ng pissed in operation. und with the solution purip held insetti-Te, die reduced pressure Within the system causes :uitonistie `gorenner 35 to s'irt uerzi'tion o7 "the oir Compressor7V which oper u., air to pipes QZsn-l A; poss' the pumps 33" und into pipes through vents 28C to Chambers 23 and into pipes 30 und 3l, the pressures building up u til Jthe desired pressure rauche re upon governor 35 is closed oj the pressures Within pipes fifi. This the entire sys J:ein under such pressure ss is provided in 'n rulre 35.'

Connection *mtl lllrinor renuetions in pressiufeiss oj/ leakage, ete., ere niude etleetiveon governor 35 th utgh pipes ll, eeusingthe compressor to operate und deliver oir to the several lines and restore the pressure. Preferably hi pi of pressure is inode through the lines indieste(4 us 3S und und for this purpose pipes 3G und 3G are prorided with gute vulves 36 which ure preferably closed oy the operator zitter the repidflillinp; opere.-

tion luis heen Completed.

This line, (3G, 38 und is not only suiieient to Vtake are of 'these nunor een htions7 out is in direct connection with outonizi'tic governor 40, und also enables cheek Voire 39 to heoonie active in closing line 3G under rapid pressure reduction, thus insintuining the pressures within pipes 5G 36 shore the pressures et which the pur A zirerto operate.

TWhen the outlet end ol1 p i hers 28a open to lthe pressure of toni; (pruotioully atmospheric pressure) ouiolljy rethioing the pressure lWithin chomp lrs l the pressures'ivithin these ohunibers uncle these conditions.

As the pressure in chambers 28 is thus inode niueh less than that opposing- 'vulves 28, such values .will open? thus opening` Coniniunieutiou between pipes 23 und und the mixing chamber, there-hy opening the heed r lines und rapidly reducing the pressures therein. the compressor beingl unsole to nieet this condition by reason ot the small supply through line 38. As a. result, governor l0 `will be renderedactire to start the solution p ump (designed to provide s greatly increase-d pressure-for instance 200 thus Creating efsuetion effect in lines 22 und 2?,

M check rulfes 2G und druuingg the ons freni tunhs 20 und Qt. und :it the time 'forcingthese :'zolutions through Yurious lines to the inix' ehuin i.

where tue solutions eoinhine to produce the betweei tl e solution tanks und the point o t lll application lilled with u .fluid which is of :i diii'erent ehurueter troni that which constitutes the extinguishing medium, thus einninoting' lizihilit; oif the connections being ril"- feo ted hr the Vinere/ilients olf thex extinguiul niediuni. The :ir 'zingeiuent :ilso pros 'l'or nuiintuiuiugl this lluid nudel u presruiter thm thut ot uiinofrpherio presless than the pressure :it which g inediuiei operados. t"

i i mus ourapid inovei'nent oi the iiuid (zur) effective in s Ling the solution pump. the

letter prodiiifirgv prfwsuros groote' thun the iluid pressure. tht-relu` ensuring that the von nec-tions will he quit-lily vleured oi' the uir und worry the solutions.

Under this erruugeiuent the solution tanks normally need not he under pressure. th

n solutions bei puuiped diei oni instead ol' being' loreed h3' the uctiou oit eoiiipres---ed uir.

lll rile more thun :i sin le tuuh muy he (founeeted to 'the system thus deserihed :ind will proride the desired tire extinguishing uetion t t o1" gplieiition, prelerrod to i rol 'tentures under such oonv nu;v not he lesir; hle to hure ouch suh-heuder line ol the system suhjertod to the oir-draining operation whenever lire t u single toni( :in operation which provide suhstitution ot the solution for the zur which is druined :ind fori-e the solution into :ill of the houder lines. nei-essi! tutiug un excessive cleaning :ugtion ut the end of the extingruishiugl operzition.

'llo moet these conditions ,l prei'er to liniill the nir-dJoining` notion to the inuin hiauler line und sueh suh houder line :is muy loud to the point of upplieution. the renuiining suhheuder lines thus being leptI tree troni the solution. This not onliv restricts the innount of cleziniupi` neoessiirlif' hut in addition requires the use ot e. lesser uinount of solution to lill the :retire portion oi the system.

lOl:

qu A titi 'lt/huh this (control. mey he provided in `vurimu-; Nuys .l preti-,r to produce the result :uitoumti: fufleftive control by ineens of erhiiph the various suhlieeder lines ure uornuili) Viu open eomuiunifetion vl mehr he; line thus lwingiing eech of such sul header lines under the compressed sir d. its conti` this eend., 'on being; Vl f rhzireefl in thor: subheeder i te remain. iiisetivm by meine l uros in the iimetive lines unehiiugied. rthis selerji ve notion is controlled by the diltereures in pressure between the rompre-semi air ijvressure :ind the pressure uit the soiutio-u is ezirriedA through the V m. ne form et meehenisin for produeinp; this -sult is :is lillows:

l il in es il sub-header pipe is e 'relive h normally Closes the mein passeggeougiagh the pipe. Vrrlve l2 is'normzilly ted by :i diepliregm -ll oit greater fr than that et the vulve, sir ehember A servinn; this purpose. Chamber 413 is eournf.'ted to the `header pipe on opposite sides el rlve by Connections fri/l :ind i, eoieiuieetien el .1 eerrying :Ji diliterentietingr l5, connection lillL eerrying :t dil'lerenr5.3 velve l-( :rives #l und JLG ure shown more pertieului-Ey in ll ips. 53 end. thesevelves eeh mrrylne; e velve iflizimber fil within 'which is mounted :t spherifztl Valve 4:8, termed o't suites Wood edle inziteriel, sueh, Ator 'instaure7 `:i the tivo valves. Valve 415 hss the lower diaphragm l5 having; u single port hay, :tor instant-fe, have ai diameter of "1: il@ hais the lower end. o'lf einen ned with e seat 4to@ which, howrr? .is not continuous, ports floh providing i Ition pest the seeted valve, e port eroe l emu; conside "ably greater than it et port ttbm-:tor instance the port eres .ml that oit e if pipe, the connections y---\.vhieh pruetiezilly form e byol" this diameter. 'l ne i i, erentieting telve tem (velves i, :ind dillerentiutine; velvetj l5 end i6) ere oested :tdjueent the point et een- :iin header pipes end sub-header y ther-i dosing ijiriu'tieelly ell o'l the subline t the mein heeder line by wir' s 4t2.

lilith these additional teituresiu service, will be leur that during` lilling` of the sysi with. nii.; if'ulves i8 'will not prevent the `the delivery eheh the result svfitem h the heine; tluii feduelly refilies the r-whieh the zur te op te When eentrol device et eey one oit the tuulrs is marde active to unseel the eine el pipe 3l, the notion heretofore :referred to taires piece in diaphragm elnlunber EW' -which the pipe is eonneetecl, thus :si velves 2S to open and permit the sir in the suefhender line in 'which these valves .ll irre ioeeted to pass into the mining; ehemherj resultingin. e tepid tall oit pressure in this linen This reduction in pressure sets open valve l2 et the header line tl lugh the reduction in pressure Within eh mused by the inebility et' port l the :nnount et nir which is di throngh ports flG (due to ditierenee see-tional eres of the ports.) pressure on the seated. valves (op mein header line pressure) censos et the selected line to be opened and b the mein header line end. sub-header into full communication, iolloived by eutomstie stertiurg el? the solution pump@l ete., es previously described.

` lllhile this notion telres plziee in the desired subheeder line, the reineininp; euh hemler lines not only remein inactive but ere also maintained tree from the solutieit lllhen the pressure in the mein heed line reduced, bell 4:8 oii valve Ll5 oli the ineetve lines Will immediately seet et the bottom oi1 the valve ehember, thus retzrinineA 'essure in chamber 43' :rnd holding; vfilie l-?, closed. Consequently, eeeh sub-l eeder system beyond bell 4:8 is kept :it the normaal pressure. jWhen the high pressure ol the solution becomes eieetive in the mein header line euch ball 48 ot valves 45 will more (es by fleeting) to its upper seet thus preventthe excess pressure to be pleeed on the sub-header line, end et the seme time preventing solution from reselline` ehmliier Lt3, This preteetion ot ehember 43a in u,ie eetive subheeder line is obtained by reeson et the feet that the bell Afil-8 o1n eeeh oi. valves sind Ll@ passes to its top seet` flew-ine` the eouneetions to the chamber against pressure to se: velve 1-2 end preventing; entrenee or solution.

lt is te be understood, oli nourrie, that valves i2 will be so proportioned that the ign'essures Within chambers 4:33' Will be sull'li- [cient to meintein the valve Closed r iinst t ie much greater pressure oit the se1 ion.

Should either ot the rennrininp, trinke :steh Fire-` its control deviee will be mede ellieetive, thus setting; in motion the several controlv operations leerling); to the opening;- ot valves 4t2 et: the siiilllezrder line sind since the solution has been brought to that velve by the previous operation no time is lost in plzieinpi` the solutions in the mining; ehfimher und. thus on to the tire. ln eeeh inslflnees Gti g A V 1,403,621

however, it is necessary that control device 32 be made actire betere delivery of solutions to the mixing' chamber vfill be had, so that all subsheader lines in which the seal ot the control device remains intact, not only are kept 'from receiving` the solution1 but the air pressure'in these lines is maintained. able to take care oit a second tire. This eliminates necessity of cleaning` the Vunused sub-header lines, and at the same time dispenses With the necessity tor again building' up the air pressure Within these unused lines.

This arrangement permits ot the use or" any desired number ot sub-header lines., it being` understood, ot course. that the main header line Will have a capacity suiiicicnt to take care ot conditions Where a number of lires occur concurrently.V

, As heretofore pointed out. the automatic 'loamite valve may have different tormsone torinis indicated at QS. ln Figs. 7 and S another Way oit providingthe result is shown. ln this torni.y sub-header lines 28 and 25 are connected directly to the loiver ends of the mixing chamber. the outlet ends beine; normally closed in suitable manner. as by the use ol caps 50 heldin position by suitable means, as for instance a toggle-like structure 5l located between the caps-the outlets to lines 28 and 25 opposing* each other. Structure 51 is normally maintained active by a Weight 52 located in the tank and connected to structure 5l, the connections including suitable trip mechanism. as for instance one or more fusible links @r the mechanism may be tripped by hand by manipulating cord 51a.

llilhen tire is present in the tank. the trip vwill become active to releasethe iveiejht or cords 5l Will be manipulated. thus releasingy caps 50 trom restraint and subject to the header pressure. The header outlets will thus be opened, reducingr pressure in the sub-header line and settinfr in mot-ion the remaining operations as before described.

Obviously this lo 'eneral arran agement may he considered as a mechanical equivalent ot the similar structure which includes valves Q9.

rllhis torni eliminates the use et valves 2S by a` less expensive arrangement.y and at the same time oti'ers the advantage ot harina' the streams enter the chamber in opposed directions and meeting' Within the chamber producing a rapid connniazin.;y ot the solutions. This latter type is not specifically claimed herein as it pertains to sulLiieets-matter ot an application ot Frank pps. Patent No. 11.296.937. ot which l am aware. the torni shovvn in Figs. 7 and 8 beine' one of the several forms shoivn in that application suitable tor use in the present invention.

Likewise7 the specific structure et Fire'. 9 is not claimed herein7 such structure being one form of a regulating valve adapted to act as a governor. ln this form a valve 60 prime mover.

controls the passage :from the supply to the 6l indicates a springY tending; to open the valve, and` GQ a piston open to the `pressure line. the pressure operatingthe piston in a direction to close the valve. For instance. the piston .tor governor li is suhject, to the p ysure in pipes fill. li the `rovernor is at t() pounds the 'alve will scat at substantially such pressure. 'It the pressure in pipes il is reduced. tension o'l springr Gl will predominatel and the valve opens. lilhen diaphragljin pressure prcdmninates, the

alve ivill close.

,in connection with gnivernor l0. pipe ils provides the control. this governor heineI preferably .set at a lower operating pressure.

(.)hviouslyt hand control. as by throttle ralves. ray be :ulditionally employed, it desired.

t,bviinisly more or less manual control ot the apparatus may he provided hy the use ol` heini-operated, valves. For instance. lach sub-header line nur have grate valves Li to provide tor hand control, these. valves hcinlnr left, open 'for automatic operation. (hlach differential system may have such control by the use et valves 70. closing` ol` ivhich prevents automatic action ot the differential valves.

l also preferably employ suita valves il to permit flexibility ot z operations.

.is Will be understood. closing ot valves 2T to close the supply ot the solutions ivill etliect a pressure reduction in the header lincs suliicient to render governor h activo. thus intrmlucing;` air on the suction side ot the pumps. the valves of the latter permittingA thc ai: to pass therethrough to the discharnc side ot the. pumps. .lt valves liti are also cpeucd. the entire air pressure may hccome active to aid in clearing' the header lines i'roin solution h v blowing' it out ihrougrh 'the open ends of the connections. ,lin 'this nianlc relief li ipp a ra tus ner cleaning' may he had to a more or less extent. then closing); the throttle valves el the prime movers ol" thc pump and com il further cleaning` action. il` ncccs- .s may he had. the open ends ol' thc liucs i torcd by applying; trip nuchanism. the compressor made active. valves 2T opcucd. and i'hc system placed in l`ull operative condition hv closingV valvcs 23W.

The s vstciu is simple iu construction and operation. many o' thc valves. ctc.. hciuzr articles ot `"cncral commerce. The installation can therefore he produced at a comparatively lon' cost. and as thc solutions arc maintained in tanks until required. the cost ot maintenance and oi attendance is reduced to a minimum.

1ldfhilc l have herein shoivn and described several Ways in which my invention may he carried into eilicct and uses to which it inav he put. it is to hc unders-mnl that variations titi llh

lil)

to )dott :no 1

37, Hmmm the vito a tho optt mud Scopo ,.Vzztt oi tho uwootion m tho aooomimo: tho gezxllyzog @lo horom is ily jm mitoos m1 n t, 75 to also with tho :umtio'm solution@ 1rotosfro to, mnt the Lela of 51 gli@ @im limos .11 which tho foe lishlogg n'iottumf is ooit omo ,o l f.. t to tho point ff opgicntono-the opemthe nix: f doth Y" 5 1 oit' @mt om@ oit tto wir of hmol pigosmmissfmo to voto Y iu" H'f'f'ofl 8o @ont t" t Whom such 'Hoo i@ in :looolfl the tion of th@ mf We tw molt@ '1,1 tho with :and mopo of the invention as omo mi :@o no Y titled with n oct l t Lik.

by ,l @opp y om ,tot ont; oomtfm towoinfzg Vo oxtlnguitshw motn' 1, ouch omwoo bono; sopzwimtoty connect@ to )to mbo looft o doth/mim tho 40 ing; modmmftor the Elli? tifo opptyimg dotvozfy prowouro to tho solutions,

SUM di tho mechanical omo tiwouoh rodootom no llo mi Smid solutiom; ou@ P, 11 Ilo mort supply Smm, uw? Hm poV ot oo1ailnrtmo not to the 'fo., om wat@ mzl'oootjfms; taotwoofx 'HHM with :l 1f mit( vzmh ot' said Sommes mild tho nppmntus, :md tho oompoooot souto S :md Undo? ttu'ouggh aochmtom in Wognum oit the 'Huid in (3. to ft@ o tho pafosonc ot tito oomhtlol'ls; Wtloobjgf tho to utom w' be substitutod foy the 'Hu-id in t i 11 @rmt oomootloms. ot mio whwfh www m Hoym &3 L im tito omtmgulohliog syotoms oit tho two m LSU u l y soin-ees and the point of cominixture :lied with a fluid dii'liering in character from 'he component solutions and under an aporoximately constant pressure greater than a l ospl 'c pressure and less than the deliveryA pressure et the solutions, releasing such normal pressure at a delivery terminal u, der tire conditions, increasing the pressure the component solutions upon the release or such normal pressure in the connections, delivering the solutions to such terminal prior to connnifiture, and eommixing'the solutions by delivery troni such terminal in opposed streams.

" ln lire extinguishing systems of the l 'toaiii-extinguishing type the method of' dc- 3' ir the component solutions to the point et comniixture vv'hich consists in normally maintaining the connections between the supply source and the. point or commixture holle-d with a iluid diilering in character 'trom the component solutions and under an app 'oximately constant pressure `gjreater than i atmospheric pressure and less than the deivery pressure ot the solutionsa normally Storing` the solutions individually under a A ressure less than such normal fluid pres sure9 reducing` the normal Huid pressure by the presence of fire conditions and concurrently delirering` theV solutions to said connections and placing the solutions under delivery pressure Vto substitute said solutions for the lilling iluid at the point of commixture.

8. ln lire extinguishif f1' systems adapted to operate at either ot a plurality of' separate points under "ire conditions, the method et deli\f'ering the extinguishing` medium trom a common source ot supply to that delirery terminal active at the point of lire Which method consists in normally maintaining a substantially uniform iiuid pressure throughout the distributing connections, said pressure being ot approximately constant predetermined value intermediate the delivery aud non-delirery pressure values of the 1ne dium supply, reducing the normal pressure within that portion ot the distributingoonnections leading troni the source to the point. ot a iplication selected by fire conditions and cmicurrently introducing;` and distributing the medium into and through the selected connections to such point ot application.

9. ln lire extinguishing systems adapted to operate at either oi' a plurality ot separate points under lire conditions, the method oi delivering the extinguishing medium from a common source of supply to that delivery terminal active at the point ot lire, Which method consists in filling the distributing system with a iluid ot a character differing from the medium and normally maintaining a substantially unitorm and approximately constant predetermined pressure oi3 suc-h fluid throughout the connections oit such sysN rate points under lire comlitionsf the method t of; delivering the extinguishing medium lfrom a conunon source oi supply to that dclivcrv terminal active at the point of lire. which method consi in normally` maintaining a sulislaul ially uni torni [luid pressure throughthe distributing comm-tions, said prcslining ot approximately constant predetermined value not less than the n mdclivcry pressure ot the medium supply and less than the delivery pressure ot the ext inguishin" medium, reducing the normal pressure within that portion of the disiriluitingl connections leading 'troni the source to the point of application selected hy lire conditions and conciu'rently introducing and distributing the medium into and tliroiugjh the :fclccled connections to such point ot application ivhilc maintaining 'the normal pressure .in the unselccted connections ll. ln tire extinguishing s vstcnis adaiilcd to operate at either oiY a plurality ol scparate points under lire coiulitions7 the method of delivering the extinguishing medium V'rom a coninion source ot supply lo that dclivcnv terminal active at the point ol' liref which method consists in normally maintaining a substantially uniform iluid pressure throughw out the distributing connections, said prcssure being oi approximately constant predetermined value intcrme iate the delivery and non-delivery pressure values ot the medium supply7V reducing the normal pressure `within tha portion ot the distributing connections leading A.from thc .f-fourcc to lhepoiut oil" application selected bv lire coiulitions while maintaining the pressure conditions within theiremaiiulcr ot the connections and concurrently introducing and distributing the medium into and through the sclcccd connections to such point ul application.

l2. ln lire extinguishing s vstcms ol' the two-solution type, separate storage sources one for each solution, normally niaintaiucd. under non-delivery' pressure, connections lictu'een each source and a delivery terminal means operatively related to the connections for each of said solutions `i'or delivering said solutions to the terminal under lire conditions, fluid pressure means in cach ol said connections tor 1n aiutaining ille comme.

fltl

llti

Csi

tions uorinzilly free troni the solutions, uni tury ineens Iior releasing1 seid liuid pressure ineens in the presence oil lire conditions, seid solution-delivering1 ineens being` rei'idered estive by tlie release oli the tluid pressure ineens.

13. ln lire extinguishing' systems el the tiro-solution type, :i ster-urge source for euch solution, mixing und delivery uppurzitus., seperete connections between euch ol' seid sources und seid eppurzitus, norniully inuctive `pumpingl ineens opereti'vely rcliitefl to eecli oilE seid connections odupted to pump euch solution 'seperately i'rorn its source to seid apparatus., liuid pressure ineens i'or norinully n'iiinteining,- seid connections tree troni the solutions, und unitury ineens :tor releasing?,` seid `lluid pressure ineens in `the presence ol rire conditions und uctuutins; seid pumping Ineens to deliver euch solution through its connections to seid uppsretus.

ll. ln lire extinguisliin@- systems ot the tufo-solution type, u storeuge source lor euch solution., ruining;r und delivery oppurstus, si erste connertions between eecli ol seid sources und seid eppure-tus, norinnlly inuetire pumping nioens operatively related to oucli ot seid connections adopted to puinp euch solution seperately lroin its source to seid n.ppuife'tiis, sold connections liningl norinzilly lilled with. e iluid littering i'fronfi tlic solutions, ineens tor ineintaining;1 seid. 4fluid in the connections et s pressure `(reeter thun utin splierie pressure und than pressure olf the solutions st their respect sources lint less 'thun the delivery pressure' oil? seid solutions produced by "lie pumping ineens, und unitary Ineens lor relensing,` lluid from pressure und siniultuneously rendering' zictiye the pumping,l ineens to upply delivery pressure to the solutions suhstitutingg; seid solutions tor the fluid in the connections und delire-ringi,` the solutions to seid nppurutus,

l5. ln .fire extinguishing systems ot tlio l'osin extinguishing type und in coniliiuu tion, e source oit supply lor euch ot the solutions of the `extingruishine` medium, the solutions in seid sources hei norinolly insinM tanned lielow delivery pressure, delivery houders edepted to delirer the screrul solutions to delivery terrniiiul it the point ot zipplicution, ineens for noi'inully ineiinteiningl siiid headers tree 'troni the solutions, norniully inuetiye ineens including punipinrr` mechunisin rendered fictive in tii ot lire tor providing; delirery p; ssure to sind so `lutions sind ttor delivering; the solutions to suoli torniinel Jiu the headers,l und nieiins operstire ut sui-h tern'iiiiul under conditions 'for controllini` the stort oi nieclienisin operation.

lli. In lire extinguishing; systems oil' the tonni extinguishing; type und in coinhininion., u source of supply lor erich olf the solutions of the extinguishing .medium norinully meinn tained under non-delivery pressure, connections between suoli sources und u norn'iully innetive delivery terminal, ineens whereby seid connections ere norinelly inuintnined tree troni such solutions in iidvsnce ol lire conditions ut such terininel, und rneuns 'lor producing` the solution delivery pressure und Ylor delivering; the incdiuni et such terininiil in the presence ol lire conditions, seid lest mentioned ineens including u normally inuctire puinp rnecliunisin rendered fictive in time of tire hy the activity ot the delivery terrninel.

i7. ln lire extinguishing systeins ott the tonni extinguishing type und in cerchino-- tion, e source of supply lor eech'ol the solu-V tions oit the' extinguishing niediuni norinully inuintsined under non delivery pressure, connections between such sources und u. nornielly inectiye delivery terminal, und ineens whereby seid Connections ure norn'iully nieintuined :tree troni such solutions in idyunce oli lire con ditions :it suoli terniinul, sind ineens including control niecliunisin et such terniinel adapted to norinnlly niuintuin the terniinel closed end to open the tcriiiiniil in the presence ot lire coot'tions, und :i norniully inactive ineens including pumping nic'cliunisni rendered sctive in tiino ot lire for providing delivery pressure to solutions und l'or delivering` thesolutioiis to such terminal, the seid ineclisnisni having; its activity controlled hy the condition ot suoli terminal.

le. ln estinWuisliingi` systems olfA the ,a

:se und in con'ihinution,

i cinch. oli the solutions fr lung; .incdn ,1i norniully i uiuler non-delivery pressure, connections between sucli sources und u nor- 3: lelly inactive delivery terminal, ineens whereby seid connections ere norrnully inni iituined tree :l'i'orn sucli solutions in edriince oit lire conditions ut such terminal, ineens lier iirodiicing,` the solution deliifl :for delivering; the inediiuii in tlie presence el l` mentioned ineens ii l iietivc pumping); niccliiin ii l Y Lr.. coiineotions und rend ed .fictive in tiine oli lire, und ineens con illed hy the condition oit the delivery torni sul :tor rendering; seid nieclienisin uctive.

3 9 ln 'lire entinrruisliingg; systems und in corni Lion, u. source oli suipiply iin' 'the ebitinu'uisliinr; niediuni, coiinoctions lietirren suoli source eiul u. noiinully-innotV re delivery terininul, nieiins uflierehjif seid coniuctions ure norinullyinuintiii tree troni surli nicdiuni in influence ot lire conditie. rit suoli niiuil und :1re idered :ictire lor delircring tlie niediuin ut suoli terininul in the pi sence ol tire conditions, seid nieuiiis including,- nieclienisiii Ator nornizilly nroducing suoli te s, sufi d lest a tluid pressure in said connections of sutlicient value to prevent entrance ot said medium thereinto, pressure-release means at such delivery 'terminal rendered active in the presence ot tire conditions, and means 'tor rendering said mechanism inactive during presence o'lfthe medium in the connections under normal tire protection conditions.

20. ln tire ext-inguishing systems and in combination, a. storage reservoir toi-ming a source ot supply tor the extinguishing medium normally maintained under non-delivery pressure, connections between such i source and a normally inactive delivery 'ler` minal, means ivhereby said connections are normally maintained `tree from such medium in advance et tire conditions at such terminalpump mechanism rendered active ttor delivering the medium at suc-h terminal only in the presence ot lire conditions, said mea-ns including' mechanism :tor supplying av predetermined tluid pressure to said connections, said fluid pressure being ot less value than the delivery pressure ol" the med um, and means tor controlling such sup- ),y to maintain such pressure substantially constant.

in lire extinguishing systems and in c mbination, a storage reservoir forming a source of supply tor the extinguishing medium normally maintained under non-delivery pressure, means tor applying delivery piessure to the extinguishing medium, connections between such source and a normally inactive delivery terminal, means whereby said connections are normally maintained 'trac 'trom such medium in advance ot lire conditions at such terminal and rendered active for delivering the medium at such terminal 'in the presence ot lire conditions, said means includingmechanism for supplying a predetermined tluid pressure to said connections, saidvrtiuid pressure being` ot less value than the delivery pressure of the medium, means controlled by pressure variations in the connection for controlling` such simply to maintain such pressure substantially constant, and means independentU ot 'the mechanism supplying Huid pressure to operate the means tor applying` the delivery pressure to the extinguishing medium under conditions.

iin fire extinguishing systems and in combination, a source ot supply tor the eX- tinoguishing medium normally maintained under non-delivery pressure, connections be- 'tween such source and a normally-inactive delivery terminal, means whereby said connections are normally maintained tree from such medium in advance 01"' tire conditions at such terminal and are rendered active for delivering' the medium at such terminal in the presence ot tire conditions, said means including aincompressing` mechanism Jfor supplying fluid pressure to said connections,

said l'luid pressure boina` ot less value than the delivery pressure ol' thc medium, and. me;` is operative on thc prinic mover ot said mechanism tor controlling the mechanism operations to maintain a substantially constant pressure in said counevtious.

23. ln lire extinguishing; systems and iii combinalion7 a source ot supply 'toi' the linguishing medium normally ,maintained under non-delivery prcssurtu connections betivccn such source aud a normallyduaclive delivery terminal, means vfhcrcby said counections are normally maintained tree 'roiei such medium in advance olf lire ioiulitions at such terminal and are rcmlcrcd activo lor delivering the medium at such tciuiiual iu the presence oi lire conditions, said uicaus including air-couigrcssi l." iu/ lhauism 'tor supplyincA lluid pressure t said connections, said fluid pressure being; otl less Yaluc vthan the delivery pressure olV thc uic-liuiu, and means operative ou thc prime mover ot said -nechanism and controlled by pressure variacionsin the connections tor coulrolliunY thc mechanism operations to mai itaiu a substantially constant pressure ia said connections. i l. ln [ire extiiiajuisliinn` systems aud in combination, a source ot supply tor thc extiniuishing' medium normally maintained under non-delivery pressure, connections bftvfcen such source and a normally-iiiaclivc delivery terminal, means vvhcreby said counections are normally maintained iti-cc l'roui such medium in advance ot tiro conditions at such terminal and are rendered active l'or delivering` thc` medium at such terminal iu the presence 't tire conditions said uicaus includingr mechanism ttor produciiu; a picdetermined tluid pressure in said connections, said fluid pressure beiunot loss valiu than tho'dclivei"V pressure ot the uicdiuui. normall'v-inactivc pump mechanism l'or the extingfuishiugr medium. and control incaus for the pump mechanism operatively` counected in said connections to li/,usual maiutain such pump mechanism inactive, said means being ope itive to inaiururalc pump mechanism activity in the presence ot matc-v ria pressure rcduition in thc connections. and to maintain sucl activity by the puiup mechanism operations.

la lire extinguishing' systems and iu combination, a storage reservoir toriniuggj :i source ot supply tor the cxtincuishinff uicdium normally maintained under nou-dclivpressure. connections between such souri c and a normally inactivo delivery lcrA miual. moans whereby said conucctions are normally maintainml 'troc troni such uicdiiuii in advance ot lire conditions at such termi nal and are rendered active 'toc dciivcriug the medium :it such terminal in the prcscucix ot lire conditions. said means including duid-pressure supply mechanism `for auto n'iatically maintaining a liu'cdetcriniucd presloo lio

and for delivering the medium to an individual branch line and its oclivery terminal selectiveiy in; de active by the presence ot rrc cont itioiis at suoli tei'niinal, said means ineliidi j; control n'ieclianisni for each branch line operative to normall f' maintain reed communication between the main AL. A L' and branch lines and to isolate the bran rn source of supply for the eiltinguishing` niediuin, main and branch line delivery connections between said source and normally-iiiactii'e 'ndividual delivery terminals, and means whereby said connections are normally maintained 'tree from sueh medium and for delivering the medium to an individual branch line and its delivery terminal selectively made active by the presence olf lire conditions at such terminal, said ineens including control mechanism toi' cach branch line operative to normally maintain estricted communication between the main `nd branch lines and to isolate the branch Lne in the presence ot lire conditions at ioint ot application remote 'from the delivry te-iniial oit' such branch line.

liA tire-estinguishing` systems adaitet oe-opera'ive at either ot'. a plurality o application, and in combiiation, a supply for the extinguishingine-- n main and branch line delivery conbetween said source and iiornnillymeans whereby' said connections are normally maintained tree vfrom such medium and tor delivering;1 the iiediuin to an indivitlual branch liiie and its delivery terminal selectively made active by the presence or lire conditions at such terminal, said ln lire-extinguishing systems adapted to be operative at either ot a pluinlitj7 of points oit' application, and in combination, a source ot supply Yfor the entiiiggiiisliinnl niediuiii, main and branch line delivery connections between said source and normally-inindividiial delivery terminals, vvand neans whereby said connections are nori e inaliy maintained tree from such medium and for deliveringthe medium to an indi active ifiosei JV L 1 means loi' controlling` sani pas 'tinguishing' systems adspled c. ,tire at either oi" a pluinlitjvv olf t :'zpilication, and in combination, a sourc oit supply tor the et;tinguishingv im diunnnnii :nd branch line deliver-rconnecsuid source and noii .filly-inuei iid moans liv snai inkin nl bifnii'ii electirely i i condi-- including ni ii i to :in inni 'i its oelivery terminal 7e by the presence olf' made actiVv li tions at such terminal, said means liuid-iiiessire supply mechanism lo pro-ridn 'lui `I`re .in said connections,4 and n for euch branch line.v hanisni iiirludinp` u norpci'utiif'e in the branch ,itting iiuid pres sure coni- Ween opposite side; ol l operative at sneed-apart sag'ciray tor roi t follimr it. is oper ire intermediate said destiro points and controlled by the ay pressure lor controlling;v ralre points oi' aiiplication, :1nd 'i combinanion` a source oit supply tor the cxtingr iis-hing medium, main and branch 1ine delivery councctions between su l source :ind normallyinactive individual lelircry terminals, and means whereby said connections :ire normally aiiitained inree troni such medium and 'for deliveringthe niediuni to :in individual brunch liiie :ind its delivery terminal selectively made active by the pw ence oi fire conditions at sr-,cli terminal, said means including control nieclmnisni 'For each brunch line oper-alive to normally maintain restrictn ed comnuiiiczu'ion between the main und branch lines through a lijf-purl'` and rulve devices positiond in the bypass :it :sparedcuits.

its. 9G. ln iii 'tinsruishinsjf systems adopted L s. mi.' v ALA 1.1, ,Lf 4l .l 1"- io oe opeiaiiie :t ennei oi :i pluialiti oi sour-ce of supply Yloi' the entiii,ruisliimjr nieffii Mmmm

nliuin, iniiin unil branch lino clolivoi'y connnoluiono liotwoon soul sonno/e, incl normallyc nail clolwni'y loi'ininals, zincl inactivo inili inoainai ii'lioioliy fisaiiil wnneolions aine no1'- niiilly iniiinlvziinnil llioe l'iaoni suoli inofliinn. :incl foi' clolivof ig lille inncliiiin to ain inclivirluail lu'ain @l1 lino :incl its clolivoiy fneininzil Suloolivoly inail@ icliio lay the presione@ of l'afo conditions nl; suoli lei'lninail, sind moans including control inofliainisni loi* oaioli branch lino opoi'aitivo to normally maintain istliotncl Communioaiiion looiuwon. the main ainil lii'nncli limos 'Llwouggli ai lijp-passo, aincl vailvo iloviuos positionml in tno bypass ail @pacedn aipiiil; points7 one ol Said ilovicon liiwing iis in: iiniain porn 'aiioailos@ than 'lglio siniilaii: :areal oil tlio olvliol' (loi/ico ln lli'o-oxiiiigiiisliing Sysloins anlaiplml lo be operativo ail; oiilioi.' nl ai pliii'iilily oil points of oppliozilion, unil in combination, a sonice of Supply loi' lle extinguishing noofliiini, malin anni lii'ainnli lino dolivoiy oonnoizl'oiio lio'tiiiooi, rmidlfsoui'co amil normally-- inactivo inalivicliiail clolli'oiy tniininails, zinil ineains iif'lioiooy Sani oonnocions are noiinailly inaiintainol liso@ li'oin siicli modiiiin :unl loi clolii/'eiiiiig` lli@ inodiinn izo sin indi.- ificliizil liiaincli lino and its Clellvoiy toiminal selooiivoly mail@ activo by lie presence of io Condition@ ai; suoli 'tei-in nzil, @oid moons including contiiol ini-iclmnisni ,loix noch lmincli line operative to normally maintain ioslniict* @el communication loetwoen 'tho inain anni branch lines itliiougli :L bypass, incl vali/"e {lm/'icon positioned in tlm bypass ail; spaioelf 2in-arl; noinlin Sziil (lawines cliiflfiring in in? i ilnini poil nir/an one of siaiial flovlooi liai'ving.; innlins izo pi'ovoiii cloning of Elio LiiifiSMgoiifzi/y oo. Y gine .nib anlfigilgoal lo lio opoi'aitii/o in oil/lion of plnifaility oil ivioins o: i pplicaitioin incl in Coinliiniii'v eoiiioa-i olf supply loi' lili@ (linnn main :13ml bifainoll lino il 0 noolions between, Saiial noinfoo and noi'inaillyinactivo inalivjiliiail lolivai'y l ninailsu ainijl incains wliololiy Saiial connlfloiono info noi'- infillyr niiiin'laiinoal lieo :lfi'oin niicli inoliaiin infl foi4 llailivoisin@4 lio nincliiiin lo ain inaliv ifiilliail liiaiiwli lino a'incl cli-)liv ity loa'niiniil fsoloctlvoly inaialo awlim by lili@ prononce of liio Coiidiliamfi ait suoli loiniinail, :saiil nimm: including llni(l--pi'ensiii'o :Supply nioains liflaipl.- ml lo noiinailly maintain ai Sulisiainiially nnii'oi'ni illuiil piosamfo in ilio 'DI nin.) unal conli'ol iaaoialiaiiiissm l'oi oaioli liiainoli lino o5 oiiii1ivi3 lo maintain zfeslgi'ictml cominuniczsibion loolwcon niaiin ainfl liiainoli lines llnfoiigli ii by miss, saiifl nincliainiin including valli/'o (lo cieco in Saiiil Toy-poss znlsipiocl 'lo maintain ooniinnnica'lzion under lluicl pi'ssui winni iiion in supply ainil pli-Wenn ooininiinioai'lion zlioiaolvliioiigli dining; (lolivory-jgiiefisiiiioo olf Jelio inocliiiin.

ln testimony Wlioii'eoif l zillii my Signalgnioa ll. (l

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