US1402946A - Valve mechanism - Google Patents

Description

P. w. MURPHY.

VALVE MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED JULY 8,1918.

1,402,946, Patented Jan. 10, 1922,,

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VALVE MECHANISM.

APPLICATION mzo JULY 8. I918.

Patented Jan. 10,1922.

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8 1402 ml'oz Uhlt'l' STATES PETER W. MURPHY, 013 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO MURPHY ENGINEEILING (30., OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

VALVE MECHANISM;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 8, 1918. Serial No. 243,809.

T all to 720m it may concern Be it known that I, PETER W. MURPHY, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of i/Vayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valve Mechanism, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to a reversing valve gear for explosive engines of a type wherein a set of cylinders are disposed around a main shaft with the axes of the cylinders parallel to the shaft, the pistons of the cylinders being connected to the shaft so that the impulses cause rotation of the latter. One feature of the valve mechanism is the use of rotary valves and accurate timing of the intake and exhaust so as to produce the most advantageous results.

T he invention consists in the matters hereafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section, partially broken away and in elevation, of an explosive engine of the type stated, equipped with a valve mechanism that em bodies features of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in cross section taken on or about line II- II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view in cross section taken on or about line IIIIII of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a View in side elevation, partially broken away and in section, of the valve mechanism proper;

Fig. 5 is 'a view 'in end elevation and in detail of the valve mechanism showing the parts disposed to cause a rotation of the engine in the direction indicated by the arrow; and

F 6 is a similar view of the valve mechanism showing the parts disposed for reversed rotation of the engine, as indicated by the arrow.

As herein indicated, a set of cylinders 1 encircles a main shaft. 2 with the pistons 8 thereof connected to stems 4: and cam engaging mechanism 5 with a cam block 6 keyed to the main shaft 2 or otherwise nonrotatably secured thereto so that reciprocation of the piston causes rotation of the main shaft.

cylinder head 7 common to all Of the cylinders has a fuel intake passage 8 opening into an annular chamber 9 formed in a barrel 1O encircling the shaft 2, the cylinders being shown cast en bloc, although obviously they may be built up if desired.

A cylinder valve closure 11 is non-rotatably secured to the main shaft against the end face of the barrel which is counterbored to receive an elongated hub 12- having an annular duct 13 always in register with the intake chamber 9. Preferably, to reduce the end pressure a set of anti-friction hearing balls are interposed. A segmental port 14 in the periphery of the closure 11 is adapted to be brought successively into register with intake ports 15 of the cylinders as the shaft 2 turns.

A cap 16 on the head? has an exhaust pas sage 17 which is thrown successively into communication with the ports 15 by the rotation of an exhaust closure 19 having a segmental port 20. Ball bearings 21 and 22 reduce endwise friction between the parts.

A shifting sleeve 23 that is non-rotatable and longitudinally reciprocable on the shaft 2 within the closure 19 has a cam path 32 engaged by a stud 2% on the elongated hub 25 of the closure 19. A reversing lever 26 is pivoted on the cap 16 with a yoke portion thereof spanning a peripherally grooved flange 27 on the sleeve the lever interlocking with a quadrant 28 and studs 29 o'fthe yoke entering the flanged groove.

In operation the intake valve is so set as to cause the proper ingress of fuel in relation to the piston movement. If the parts are as indicated in Fig. 1, the exhaust is open to the successive cylinders at the conclusion of the explosion stroke of the piston, that is, about three quarters of a revolution behind the intake opening movement, this distance varying according to any lap or lead that may be given to the valves. Rotation of the engine in direction of the arrow A results. If reversal of direction is required, the lever is shifted on the quadrant to the other position, and the cam is so proportioned that the exhaust closure is located on the shaft 180 degrees plus whatever is required to give the necessary lap. As a result the enginethen operates in a reverse direction.

A similar valve mechanism is provided at the other end of the shaft for the other or opposing set of cylinders, if such be used, in which instance a link .30 connect-s the reversing lever 26 with a corresponding lever on the other side oppositely connected to an exhaust valve sleeve in the same manner as described. V

As a result of this construction, a single valve closure controls the inlet to all the cylinders and a single closure likewise provides for the properly timed exhaust, the direction of rotation being attained by the relative position given the closure by the manipulation of the reversing lever. All the ports of the intake, which have to stand the pressure of the explosion are in the pe ripheral faces of the moving parts and in the main, the same is true of the exhaust closure and ports, so that very slight leakage has to be provided for and the parts are readily machined and assembled as desired.

Obviously, changes in the details of construction may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention and I do not care to limit myself to any particular for or arrangement of parts. 7

What I claim is 1. An explosive engine comprising a rotatable main shaft, a set of cylinders disposed around and parallel to said shaft, each provided with a single port adapted to open alternately into an inlet chamber and into an exhaust outlet, an inlet chamber and an exhaust outlet both common to all the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotatethe latter, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft and adapted to bring the inlet ports into communication successively to the inlet-chamber in timed relation to the piston movement, and an exhaust valve closure independently mounted on the shaft and adapted to bring the cylinder ports successively into communication with the exhaust in timed relation to the piston movement and the action of the inlet valve closure whereby the relative position of said inlet and exhaust closures is adapted to be altered to reverse the direction of rotation of said engine.

2. An explosive engine comprising a rotatable main shaft, a set of cylinders disposed around and parallel to said shaft, each provided with a port adapted to open into an inlet chamber and into an exhaust outlet, an inlet chamber and an exhaust outlet both common to all. the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotate the latter, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft and adapted to bring the inlet ports into communication respectively' with the inlet chamber in timed relation to the piston movement, an exhaust valve closure rotated by the shaft andadapted to bring the cylinder ports successively into communication with the exhaust outlet, and means to shift the position of the exhaust valve closure on the shaft in relation to the other closure, to cause rotation of the shaft in either direction.

3. An explosive engine comprising a r0- tatable main shaft, a set of cylinders disposed around and parallel to said shaft and each provided With a port adapted to open into'an inlet chamber and into an exhaust outlet, an inlet chamber and an exhaust outlet both common to all the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotate the latter, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft and adapted to bring the inlet ports into communication respectively with the inlet chamber in timed relation to the piston movement, an exhaust valve closure mounted on the shaft and adapted to bring the cylinder ports directly into communication with the exhaust outlet, and manually operable means for turning the exhaust valve closure on the shaft and fixing the same.

I 4. An explosive engine comprising a rotatable main shaft, a set of cylinders disposed around and parallel to said shaft, each provided with a port adapted to open into an inlet chamber and into an exhaust outlet, an inlet chamber and an exhaust outlet both common to all the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotate the latter, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft and adapted to bring the inlet ports into communication successively with the inlet chamber in timed relation to the piston movement, an exhaust valve closure adapted to bring the cylinder ports successively into communication with the exhaust outlet, a cam sleeve non-rotatable and longitudinally reciprocable on the shaft, on which the exhaust valve closure is operatively mounted to shift its position when the sleeve is moved longitudinally on ioo the shaft, and manually operable means for shifting the sleeve.

5. An explosive engine comprising a ro tatable main shaft and a central chambered barrel, a set of cylinders disposed around said central chambered barrel and parallel to said rotatable main shaft, said shaft being journaled rotatably through the barrel, each cylinder being provided with a single port adapted to open alternately into an inlet chamber on the barrel and an exhaust outlet, an inlet chamber and an exhaust outlet common to all the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotate the latter, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft to turn in the barrel, and ported to bring the inlet port 1nto communication with the inlet chamber successively in timed relation to the piston movement, and an exhaust valve closure separately mounted on the shaft adapted to bring the cylinder ports successively into communication with the exhaust outlet in timed relation to the operation of the piston and the other valve closure whereby the relative position of said inlet and exhaust closures is adapted to be altered to reverse the direction of rotation of said engine.

6. An explosive engine comprising a rotatable main shaft and a chambered barrel, a set of cylinders grouped around the chambered barrel parallel to the main shaft, said shaft being journaled through the barrel, a head common to the cylinders having an inlet in communication with the barrel chamber, and an exhaust outlet, a cam on the shaft, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the cam to turn the shaft, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft in the barrel, ported to bring the cylinder ports successively into communication with the barrel chamber in timed relation to the piston movements, an exhaust valve closure adjustably mounted on the shaft ported to bring the cylinder ports into communication with the exhaust outlet in timed relation to the inlet closure action, and means to shift the exhaust valve closure in relation to the inlet closure to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft.

7. An explosive engine comprising a main shaft and a chambered barrel, a set of cylinders grouped around a chambered barrel parallel to a main shaft, said shaft being journaled through the barrel, a head common to the cylinders having an inlet in communication with the barrel chamber, and an exhaust outlet, a cam on the shaft, pistons in the cylinders operatively COD nected to the cam to turn the shaft, an inlet valve closure secured on the shaft in the barrel ported to bring the cylinder ports successively into communication with the barrel chamber in timed relation to the piston movements, an exhaust valve closure ported to bring the cylinder ports into communication with the exhaust outlet in timed relation to the inlet closure action, a cam sleeve non-rotatable and longitudinally re ciprocable on the shaft, on which the exhaust closure is operatively mounted, and a reverse lever adapted to shift the cam sleeve and turn the exhaust closure to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft.

8. In an engine of the character described, a shaft, a set of cylinders disposed around the shaft, an inlet closure for said cylinders secured to the shaft, an outlet closure for said cylinders operatively secured to the shaft and means to change the position of said outlet closure relatively to said inlet closure to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft.

9. In an engine of the character described, a rotatable shaft, a set of cylinders disposed around the shaft, inlet and outlet closures for said cylinders mounted upon and rotatable with the shaft and means to change the position of one closure relatively to the other closure to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft.

10. An engine of the character described comprising a rotatable main shaft, a set of cylinders disposed around said rotatable main shaft, pistons in the cylinders operatively connected to the shaft to rotate the shaft, an inlet closure secured to the shaft and adapted to communicate successively with the cylinders, an exhaust closure on the shaft, adapted to communicate successively with the cylinders in timed relation to said inlet closure and means to change the position of the outlet closure relatively to the inlet closure. I

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

PETER V. MURPHY.

Witnesses:

ANNA M. Donn, LEWrs E. FLANDERS.

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