US1400584A - Calculating-machine - Google Patents

Description

J. C. WAHL CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MARI 20. 19:7.

Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

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J. C. WAHL.

CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.20.1917.

Patented Dec. .20,

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J. C. WAHL. CALCULATING MACHINE.

v APPLICATION FILED MAR- 20,191?- I 1,400,584. Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

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J. C. WAHL. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION men MAR 20 1917 J. C. WAHL.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

I 7 APPLICATION FILED MAR- 20,1917- 1,400,584. Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

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J. C. WAHL.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION mm mm. 20. 1912.

1,400,584." Patented 1m 20,1921.

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CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED mmzo. 1917.

Patentd Dec. 20, 1921.

J. C. WAHL.

nucuunm; MACHINE.

APPUCATION FILED MAR, 20, 1917- I 1,400,584. I Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

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CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED mm. 20. 1911.

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J. c. WAHL.. CALCULATING MACHINE- APPLICATIOH FILED MAR- 20; I917. 1,400,584. I Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

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CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20,1917.

Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

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.CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATlON FILED MAR. 20,1917. v 400 5 4 Patented D60. 20, 1921.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN C. WAHL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY IlIESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

REMINGTON ACCOUNTING MACHINE CORPORATION, OF NEW CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

YORK, N. Y., A

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

Application filed March 20, 1917. Serial No. 156,009.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN C. WAHL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago. in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

-My invention is an improved adding and subtracting machine designed for the listing and computation of numbers and is of the class in which there is a totalizer and a master wheel adapted to enter numbers therein one digit at a time. The master wheel is connected by differential mechanism to a set of ten numeral keys any of which, when operated determines the extent of rotation of the master wheel and consequently the number inserted in the totalizer.

The decimal relation of the master Wheel to the totalizer is controlled by an escapement device which shifts said wheel step by step upon the actuation of any of the numeral keys. Before entering a number in the totalizer,- it is necessary to tabulate the master wheel so that it will be in-co6peration with the decimal order of the totalizer corresponding to the highest digit of the number to be subsequently inserted. To this end suitable tabulating mechanism for the master wheel has been provided. Numbers inserted into the totalizer digit by digit are printed when inserted and to this end I have provided a set of type bars and mechanism under the control of the numeral keys to operate said bars. This mechanism is so constructed that the action of the key stores up power suhicient to operate its associated type bar and when the key has reached a predetermined position this stored power is released and brought into act-ion and the type bar is operated by it irrespective of any further motion on the part of the key.

My herein described machine is also adapted to subtract numbers as well as add them and to this end I have provided a reversing device for the master wheel to determine the direction of rotation thereof consequent on the operation of any of.the numeral' keys.

able lever and coincidently with the reversal of the machine, the ribbon associated with the type bars is shifted so that subtracted numbers will be printed in a different color.

The platen of my improved machine is arranged to be shifted step by step with the master wheel as the numbers are entered one digit at a time and I have arranged the tabulating mechanism so that a single tabulating mechanism operates simultaneously upon both the master wheel and theplaten. As a result of this arrangement the operation of a single tabulating key brings the platen into the proper position to receive the first digit of the subsequently entered number and also brings the master wheel in a position to enter said number in its proper place in the totalizer.

The platen is tabulated prior to the insertion of each number and I have therefore, arranged the paper feed mechanism which serves to space the platen line by line to be operated by, and coincidently with, the operation of the tabulating mechanism.

In general, the operation of my machine is that when it is desired to enter a number therein, the platen and master wheel are first tabulated to the position of the highest digit of said number by means of one of the tabulating keys. The number is then entered digit by digit by means of the numeral keys, the platen and master wheel spacing step by step in the opposite direction as the keys are successively depressed. IVhen it is desired to enter a new number, the tabulator key is again operated which action spaces the platen to the next line and re-locates the master wheel and platen in their proper positions to enter and print the next number to be inserted.

In general, the object of my invention is to provide an improved mechanism for carrying out the various operations and functionsabove set forth.

More particularly one of the objects of my invention is to provide a calculating machine with a traveling platen and a traveling decimal carriage connected therewith and providing improved tabulating means to lo cate positively both the tabulator and the platen by means of a single operation of a tabulator key.

A further object of my invention is the rovision'of an interlock between the tabuating and numeral keys, whereby when one key of either set is being operated 1t will be impossible to operate any of the other keys until the. operation which has just been initiated is completed.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a platen operated by a forcefeed escapement operating in conjunction with my improved tabulating device as above set forth.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of what I may term a stored power printing mechanism in combination with a machine of the typedescribed. ThlS mechanism will be fully set forth in the specification and I shall not further elaborate on it. I

Another object of my invention is the provision of a travelin decimal carriage which contains certain ca culating elements, such as a master wheel, a master dog, pawls for accurately locating the master wheel, etc., and connecting such a carriage to a traveling platen in a manner to cause the carriage and platen to travel in reverse dlrections.

' A further object of my invention is the construction of a calculating machine in which the various calculating units required for the functioning of a machine as a" whole are mounted in independent supports and then these supports are united by a common framework. In my improved machine herein described, the totalizer is an independent unit, as i'slikewise the master element for operating the same. The differential mechanism for operating the master mechanisms is mounted in an independent framework,

and any one of these mechanisms may be adjusted to, perform its function correctly without the necessity of assembling the mechanism in the complete machine. Further the platen, platen-rotating and feeding means are contained in a single structural unit. The printing means are also contained in a single unit and said units may be adjusted separately before they are united by the' common supporting framework. Many advantages result from my herein described structural arrangement, since the various units'which are necessary to comlete a machine may be assembled. and tested in different departments before they are brought together for their final assemblagein the complete calculating machine.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a machine printing on a strip ofpaper most conveniently arranged in a roll,

supporting this roll from the framework of the machine and leadin the strip of paper over a guide to a mova le platen. By this expedient I avoid the necessity of having to shift a heavy paper roll, step by step on one hand, of having to shift a type basket step by step on the other.

Another object of my invention is the provision of line spacing means operating in conjunction with the tabulating mechanism. It will be remembered from the previous description that before entering a number in my improved'machine, it is necessary to tabulate the platen to the proper decimal position. I have arranged the paper feed for the platen so that the act of 'tabulating the platen will space the same to the next line of writing.

The above and many other objects of my Fig. 6 1s a section on the line 6--6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 1s a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 1s a section on the line 88 of Fig. 6; i

Fig. 9 1s a section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 6'

Fig. 10 is a section on the line 1010 of Fig 6; F ig. 11 is a section on the line 11.11 of ig. 12 is a front section of the totalizer showing rack on the line 12'-12 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a plan section on the line 13-13 of Fig. 17;

Fig. 14 is a plan section on the line 1414 of Fig. 3; B Fig. 15 is a section on the line 1515 of Fig. 16 is a section on the line 16-16 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a section on the line 17-17 of Fig. 3

Fig. 18 is a section on the line 1818 of ig. 19 is a perspective of the rear end of machine showing paper feed device;

Fig. '20 is a perspective of the tabulator, paper feed and actuator.

Fig. 21 is a perspective view .of the ribbon control mechanism;

Fig. 22 is a detail view of the tabulator mechanism;

Fig. 23 is a detail section on the line 23-23 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 24 is a detail section on the line 2424 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 25 is a detail of the Geneva gears in the totalizer;

Fig. 26 is a-perspective view of the numeral key action.

Like numerals are applied to the same parts in all the figures.

My machine is composed of an assemblage of independent units having but few points of connection with each other. Each of these units is supported in an independent framing which in its turn is supported between two outside plates 50 and 51. The separate units of which my machine is composed are: 1st: the totalizer unit; 2nd: the actuator unit; 3rd: the printing unit; 4th: the platen unit, and 5th: the numeral and i tabulator keys and parts of the tabulating mechanism which are swung directly between the side plates 50 and 51.

The actuator unit comprises structurally a casting 52, Fig. 2, to which are attached the side plates 53 and 54. The casting 52 has integral with it the rearwardly extending lugs 55 and 56, which serve to support the ribbon spools and the ribbon feeding mechanism. Swung between the side plates 50 and 51 at the back portion of the machine, is a casting 57-, which serves to support the type bars for printing the numbers and also a portion of the ribbon actuating mechanism. The totalizer assemblage is contained between side plates 58 and 59,

Fig. 3, which are supported from lugs 60,

61, 62 and 63 integral with the casting 52.

The platen is supported on a casting 64, which is attached to the casting 57 by screws 65 and 66. The platen casting 64 also provides a support for the escapement advancing mechanism for the platen.

It has been my aim in constructing this machine to make these different units of a structure that can be readily assembled and tested without reference to any of the other portions of the mechanism and then the separate units assembled into the complete machine as will appear hereinafter. The connections between the separate units are comparatively few and each of said units is capable of adjustment to perform its function independently of the action of any other of the units constituting my improved machine.

T he totalizer.

The totalizer is supported on the lugs 60, 61, 62 and 63 on the front face of the casting 52 and the totalizer mechanism thereof is supported between two side plates 58 and 59. Rigidly mounted between said gaged by the master wheel.

plates is a shaft (Fig. 11) on which is rotatably mounted a series ofcarrying wheels 106, one for each decimal place of the total zer. Each of the carrying wheels 106 has three planes; 1st: that of a set'of gear teeth 107; 2nd: that of a carrying tooth 108 and 3rd: that .of a. locking disk 10$). A passing hollow or scallop 100 is in the locking disk and serves to look a transfer gear 111 which serves to transfer the tens from the totalizer gear 106 to the similar gear in the next higher decimal place. The transfer gears 111 of which there is one for each carrying wheel 106, are rotatably mounted upon a series of swinging arms 112 and 113, said arms being rotatably mounted on shafts 114 and 115 held between the totalizer side plates 58 and 59. Springs 116 and 117 serve to maintain the arms 112 and 113 in contact with a series of adjusting screws 118 which are mounted in a bar 119 supported between side plates 58 and 59.

The transfer gears 111 contain three planes. 1st: a plane of a gear 120 adapted to be acted upon by the carrying tectli .10 which teeth it will be noted are spaced ten teeth apart upon the carrying gears 106. the scallops 110 in the locking disk 10!) being located olpposite said teeth. The second plane of the transfer gear 111 consists of a star wheel 121 which coiiperates with the locking disk 109 and the presence of the passing scallop 100 in said disk permits the star wheel to turn during the time the carrying tooth 108 is acting on the gear 120. The third plane of the transfer gear 111 contains a gear 122 which meshes in the teeth 107 on the transfer gear 106 of next highest order. This arrangement constitutes the well known Geneva gear transfer chain and by this means every tenth tooth rotation of the carrying gear 106 of lower order results in a one tooth rotation of the carrying gear of next higher order. It is well known that the Geneva chain just described is always locked and it, therefore. becomes necessary to provide some means of inserting numbers in the intermediate wheels of said chain.

This is accomplished by the expedient of mounting the transfer gears 111 upon the swinging arms 112 and'113 and, by mechanism hereinafter to be described, lifting the transfer gear connecting the carrying wheel 106 with the wheel 106 or next lower order bodily out of mesh with said gears 106 just prior to the rotation of the carrying gear 106 of higher order when the same is en- As soon as this rotation has been completed the swinging arm 112 or 113 as the case may be, is restored to its normal position and the chain of gears 106 is again locked. It is to be noted that the gears 111 are placed in two angular positions relative to the carrying gears 106. This is for the purpose of al ed to allow the associated carrying Wheels 106 to turn, the rectangular slots in the star wheel 121 are locked on bars 123 or 124, said bars being supported in the totalizer side plates 58 and 59.

In order to prevent any. of the swinging,

arms 112 or 113 from being displaced from their normal position during the insertion of a number I have provided a safety bar 125 which is mounted on a shaft 126 turning in the side plates 58 and 59. This safety bar extends across all the swinging arms 112 and 113 and is provided with an operating face 127, which is adapted to be operated by a nose 128 on each one of the swinging arms 112 and 113. All of these arms are provided with a locking-surface 130 and the safety barisprovided with a coiiperating locking surface 129. It will be seen that upon any of the swinging arms being operated to raiseits thereupon mounted transfer gear 111 from in mesh with its engaged carrying gears 106, that the safety bar 125 will be rotated and the locking surface 130 moving in the path of the locking surface 129 on the swinging arms 112 and 113 will serve to maintain all of said swinging arms except the one displaced, in their normal position. This being true, it follows that no matter how violently the carrying gears 166 are rotated that the transfer gears 111 must be held in mesh with said gears 106 and the carrying operation accordingly performed.

Meshing with the teeth 107 of the wheels 106 is a series of idlers 131 which are mount-- ed on a shaft 132 mounted in the side plates 58 and 59. Each of these idlers meshes with a gear 133 which is rigid with a number bearing wheel 134 and is rotatably mounted on a shaft 135 between the totalizer side plates-58 and 59. Numbers on the disk 134 are visible through'awindow 136 provided in the totalizer cover 137. a

The actuating mechanism.

The actuating mechanism is supported between the side plates 53 and 54 which in turn are supported between the side plates 50 and 51. Numbers are inserted into the totalizer by means of a master wheel 140 which is slid ably mounted on a shaft 141, said shaft having a squared section 142 which engagIes a square hole in the master Wheel 140. n general the motion of the actuating mechanism may be described as, follows:

A set of numeral keys are provided each of which serves to rotate a peculiar shaped cam which I shall hereinafter term a gooseneck. Each of these cams engages a roller supported from a shaft and thereby rotates said shaft a differential amount. Mounted on said shaft is a sector which is adapted to engage either a wheel rigid with the shaft 141 or a gear in mesh therewith. The sector is mounted so as to swing transversely and its position is controlled by a sliding plate on the down stroke of the key. The sliding plate first throws the sector into mesh with either of the gears adapted to mesh therewith, then rotates the sector a differential amount and then withdraws the sector from mesh with either of said gears. This results in the rotation of the shaft a differential amount and the direction of rotation of said shaft is determined by the particular one of the gear engaged by said sector. There are a number of dogging and alining operations connected with the. operation of the key which will be described at the proper time.

I shall now describe the mechanism by which the depression of the number keys is translated into the appropriate rotation of the master wheel. Pivoted on a rod 145 supported between the side plates 50 and 51, is a series of key levers 150 to 159. On each of these levers is mounted a key 160 to 169. These keys are of two different species having shanks which are thrown alternately to the right and left of the point 65 at which said keys 160 to 169 are pivoted upon the bars 150 to 159. On each of the bars 150 to 159 is an car 144 which engages in a single key mechanism hereinafter to' be described, and a projection 146 having a slot 147 in the upper portion thereof. This slot is adapted to engage with a pin 148 having a head 149,

said pin being riveted in the goose neck cams to engage with one of a series of pins 172' which are supported by arms 173 from a sector shaft 174. The goose neck cams are provided with a concentric slot which serves to prevent the pins 172 from overthrowing when the goose neck is brought into engagement therewith. The pins 172 are set in spiral arrangement on'the sector shaft 174 and each one of said pins is long enoughto engage either of two successive oose neck cams 170. It will be observed in ig. 6 that the goose neck cams are of two species alternately arranged. The odd numbered cams that is, the cams for the keys 1, 3, 5,7 and 9 having their concentric surfaces farther from the cam shaft 143 on which said cams are rotatably mounted. This arrangement is for the purpose of reducing the number of the pins 172. The goose neck cam 170 attached to the zero key has its concentric slot 175 so placed that when it engages the pin 172 it will not rotate the sector shaft 174. The next goose neck cam 170 which is attached to the one key has its concentric slot arranged so that when it engages with the first pin 172 that the sector shaft 174 will be rotated the space of one unit. This arrangement of alternate goose neck cams is continued through the entire series.

The sector shaft 174 is held in its normal position by a spring 66 (Fig. 11) which extends between a pin 67 in said shaft and a stud 68 on the frame work. An arm 69 is rigid with the sector shaft and -by its contact with the tie rod 70 which serves as one of the rods holding the actuator plates 53 and 54 together, determines a normal position for the sector shaft 174.

Vhen a key l60169 is first depressed and before the sector shaft 174 is rotated there are certain universal operations which occur. The first one of these to be described is the operation of a universal rock shaft 177 pivoted between the plates 53 and -54 which has mounted on it, a pair of arms 178 which serve to support a rod 179 which extends in the path of the heels 180 which are formed integral with each one of the goose neck cams 170.

During the first part of the key motion and before the goose neck cam 170 contacts with any of the rollers 172 the heel 180 rotates the rock shaft 177 by means of contact with the rod'179. The heel 180 has a surface 181 which is concentric with the shaft 176 and the rod 179 is resting on said surface before the goose necks start to turn the sector shaft 174.

The rock shaft 177 is held in its normal position by a pair of scissors 78 and 79 (Fig. 17 these being pivoted by stud screws 80 and 81 to the frame work. A spring 82 serves to maintain the arms 78 and 79 in contact with a banking post 83 mounted in the frame work. In between the arms 78 and 79 is a pin 84which is mounted on an arm 85 rigid to the rock shaft 177. The motion of this rock shaft is as follows: It is first rotated in a counter clockwise direction (Fig. 17) against the spring pressed arm 79 during the contact of the heel 180 with the rod 179 which then rests on the concentric portion of the heel 180 during the remainder of the down stroke of the key and finally escapesfrom the back side of the heel 180. Just before the numeral key reaches the bottom of its stroke the rock shaft is then immediately returned to its normal position as shown in Fig. 17 which of course, returns the master dog 209, the auxiliary alining pawl 210 and the master pawl 224 to their normal positions.

On the upstroke of the key the rock shaft 177 is rotated in the reverse direction against the scissor arm 78 and this serves to restore'the sliding plate 185 and its connected sector 182 to their normal positions. Upon the key reaching the end of itsupstroke the rod 179 escapes from the heel 180 and the rock shaft 177 again returns to its normal position shown in Fig. 17.

This preliminary motion of the rock shaft 177 on the down stroke of the numeral key is used to perform several universal operations, 1st: to' shift the sector into mesh with either the direct or reverse gear in a manner hereinafter to be described; 2nd: to rotate a master dog which serves to unlock the chain of gears 106 and 111 in the totalizer; 3rd: to release the master pawl which nor.- mally holds the master wheel from turning; 4th: to release an auxiliary alining pawl which serves to bring the totalizer gears into their proper position and 5th: to lock the master wheel from lateral shifting relative to the totalizer. I will now describe these operations.

On the sector shaft 174 (Fig. 17) is mounted a sector 182 which is pivoted on a rod 183 in a block 184'rigidly mounted on said shaft 174. The sector 182 may be thus transversely tilted with respect to the sector shaft 174. The position of the sector is governed by a plate 185 which is slidably mounted in the frame work and has a slot 186 (Fig. 3) in the upper edge thereof and a second slot 187 in the lower edge. En-. gaging the slot 187 is a helical cam 188 which, as it will be seen by referring to Fig. 3, has its ends twisted so that when said cam is slightly rotated, it will bring the sector 182 from its tilted position as shown in Fig. 3, into a position at right angles to the sector shaft 174. When in this position, the sector will engage either a direct gear 189 or a reverse gear 190 according to the position of a reversing handle hereinafter to be described. When the sector engages the gear 189, the master wheel 140 will be rotated in a direction to produce addition and when the sector 182 engages the reverse gear 190 said master wheel will be rotated in a direction to produce subtraction. I shall describe the means for controlling the position of these gears hereinafter.

The helical cam 188 is mounted on a shaft 191 pivoted in the frame work and has therein a slot 192 (Fig. 17 in which engages a pin 193 mounted on an am 194 rigid on the rock shaft 177 consequently Y this position, it is in engagement with either the direct gear or reverse gear 190. Differential rotation of the sector shaft 174 which occurs as a result, of the engagement of the goose neck cams 17 0 with one of the pins 17 2 will then result in rotation of the gears 189 and 190 and consequent rotation of the master wheel 140.

The helical cam 188 has on it a pin 195 which is adapted to engage a cam surface 196 in a late 197 which is mounted on a rock sha t 198 rotatably mounted in the frame work. Said plate has in it a slot 199 which engages a roller 200 mounted in an arm 201 rigidly attached to a shaft 202. Referring to the slot 199 it will be seen that said slot has a hump 203 and a surface 204 concentric with the shaft 198. The preliminary motion of the rock shaft 17 7 will therefore, first rotate the shaft 202 in a clockwise direction (Fig. 17 and then further motion of said rock shaft 177 will leave the shaft 202 in its displaced position without further rotation.

I shall now describe the operation of the auxiliary alining pawl and the master dog. Reference to Figs. 2,11 and 20 will disclose that mounted between the side plates 53 and 54 are the rods 207 and 208 and slidably mounted on said rods is a carriage 211 which serves to shift the master wheel 140 and a master dog 209 and an auxiliary alining pawl 210. Neglecting for a moment the mechanism by which this carriage 211 is shifted, I wish to point out that said carriage has mounted in it a pair of plates 212 and 213, said plates being so arranged as to form a slot 214 between them, said slot embracing the master wheel 140 and serving to shift said wheel. on the shaft 141.

The carriage 211 has a side plate 215 on which is mounted the auxiliary alining pawl 210, said pawl being slidably mounted on a stud 216and-being held in its normal position by a spring 217 extending between a stud 218 in the auxiliary pawl 210 and the frame work of the sliding carriage 211. The

' lower portion of the pawl 210 has in it a pin 219 which is pivoted in an arm 220 rigidly mounted to the master dog 209. Obviously, a rotation of themaster dog 209 in a clockwise direction (Fig. 11) willresult in the withdrawing of the auxiliary pawl 210 from the totalizer carrying wheels 106. The master dog 209 is thus rotated by means of a fork 221 in its lower arm embracing a rod 222 which is supported by hangers 223 from the shaft 202 previously described.

Another universal motion which occurs on the first part of the down stroke of the nu-- meral key is the action of the master pawl 224 (Flg. 18). Reference thereto will dis master pawl 224. Said pawl is mounted on a shaft 74 rotatably mounted in the frame work and has a nose 75 which is adapted to enter and aline the teeth of the direct gear 189. A spring 76 extending between the pawl 224 and a stud 77 in the frame work tends to maintain the pawl 224 in the teeth of the direct gear 189 and thereby aline said gear.

To recapitulate the universal motions.

transfer gear 111 from mesh with the totalizer gear 106 in engagement with the master wheel 140 and the totalizer gear 106 of next lower order. The auxiliary alining pawl 210 is withdrawn from the totalizer gear 106 of higher order and the master pawl 224 is withdrawn from its engagement with the direct gear 189. This leaves the totalizer gears free to rotate. numeral key results. in rotation of .the sector shaft 174 and said shaft is rotated a number of steps dependin upon the particular key which has been rfepressed;

Full stroke mechanism.

pawls 227 and,228, these pawls being r0 tatably mounted in the frame work and being held together by spring 229, which extends between them (Fig. 6). The front full stroke pawl 227 has on it an arm 230 which is adapted to engage an arm rigid to Further depression of the the rock shaft 177. The back full stroke first part of the downward motion of the key, the rock shaft 177 is rotated in a counter clockwise direction (Fig. 6), This will withdraw the back full stroke pawl 228 from the, path of the teeth 226. When the key has completed its back stroke the rod 179 will escape off of the heel 180 and during the-up stroke of the key the rock shaft 177 will be rotated in the contrary or clockwise direction. This will result in the withdrawing of the front. fullstroke pawl 227 from the path of the teeth 225. Each one of the goose neck cams 17 0 is provided withsets of teeth 225 and 226 and thereby a complete

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