US1399565A - Oil-buhner - Google Patents

Description

H. S. LAMB OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 20, I920.

1,399,565. Patented Dec. 6,1921.

IN VEN TOR.

BY I

/ d A TO NEYS HAROLD s AM or LosAnGn ns, CALIFORNIA.

OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 6, 1921. I

Application filed. April 20, 1920. Serial No. 375,359.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Harold Lamb, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State. of I California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, 'of which the following is aspecification.

, This invention relates to oil burners, and has for its object the provision of an improved constructionin which the heat of the burning .combustible mixture within "the burner is employed to cause complete vaporization of the-liquid fuel.

It is a further object ofthe invention to provide a construction in which the passage for the burning combustible mixture is of increasing size toward the outlet end of the burner to provide for the increase and the expansion of the combustible gas andthereby cause suction of air through the burner to insure complete vaporization of the combustible mixture by the kinetic energy of the burning gases.

Further objec'ts'of the-invention 'will be readily understood from the following. de-

'scription of the accompanying drawings in which; I

Figure "1 is a longitudinal section through a burner constructed in accordance with my inventioin Fig. 2 15 a transverse section on-the line t a at Fig-1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through a modified form of the invention.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the burner is shown as comprising an outer casingv 1, preferably, circular in cross section and having the open inlet end 2, preferably, of reduced diameter and the tapering outlet nozzle 3 at its opposite end.

.duit forms the vaporizing chamber for the fuel supplied to-the burner, the rear end of the conduit being open to the outer casing as shown at ,7 to provide for the entrance of air into the inner conduit, and the forward end 8 of the conduit opening into the nozzle portion 3 of the outer casing so that the vaporized combustible mixture may flow outwardly through the nozzle of the burner. Th fuel su plied. to the bu n r i igmted in the conduit 4: and the heat of said burning fuel will cause the complete vaporization of said fuel, the inlet end 2 of the outer casing and the inlet end 7 of'conduit 51 being of such slze as to permit a sufiicient amount to be forced through the burner as ,to permit of completecombustion of the fuel within conduit 1 and thereby insure complete vaporization of the fuel. 'A portion of the air forced through the burner will flow through the air space 6 and will beheated therein by the heat of the burning combustible mixture within conduit 4 and at the forward endof the/ burner will mix with the burning gases discharged from conduit 4 to cause complete vaporization and combustion thereof.

When a particularlysmall burner is used it may be possible toomit the outer casing 1, and the inlet end of the inner conduit will then'be of such size'that' suilicientair can be forced through the conduit to cause com plete' vaporizationai'id combustion of the A baffle flange is provided upon the inner surface of the wall of conduit hthis battle flange being shown as a spiral flange, preferably, formed by integral inwardly extending portions of the wall of the conduit.

This bailiefiangestarts at a point 9 spaced from theinlet end 7 of the conduit, and the opening at said inlet is oifset'toward the upper side of the conduit to provide the downwardlyjextending end w'alljlO at the lowerside of the inlet end of the conduit, thereby providing a recess 11 within the conduitbetween wall 10 and the baflie flange; A fuel pipe 12 communicates with this recess, the fuel pipe, preferably, extending through the wall10 and outwardly through the inlet end 2 of the outer casing of the burner. J I

-A removable plug 13 is, preferably, pro vided in the outer casing of the burner adjacent the inlet end of the in'nerconduit through which a priming fuel may be injected into the recess 11 in theinner conduit. The spiral bafiie within'the inner conduit, preferably, forms several complete convolutions, the flange being shown as curving outwardly sharply from the wall of the conduit at its beginning 9 to the point of its greatest width, as shown at 14, to providea relatively deep recess 11, and from this point gradually decreasing in width, as

shown at 14: 14 14 and le toward the outlet end of' the conduit, until the flange finally tapers off into the wall of the conduit, as shown at 15.

A central unobstructed passage 16 of in-' creasing diameter is thus provided extend ing axially through the conduit. The pitch of the spiral baffle flange, preferably, also increases between succeeding convolutions, as shown at 17, l7 and 17", so that succeeding convolutions of the spiral passage the inner conduit will force the combustible gases from the burning fuel through-the spiral passage of the inner conduit. As soon as the burner has been started fuel pipe 12 is opened to supply fuel to the recess 11 at the beginning of the spiral passage through the conduit, and said fuel mixing with the air flowing into the inner conduit will cause vaporization and subsequent combustion of the fuel during its passage through the inner conduit.

As the combustible mixture thus formed )asses throu h the inner conduit a whirlin b 7 t;

motion will be imparted to the combustible mixture by the baffle flange and the heavier globules of the mixture which have not been completely vaporized will be thrown 'outwardly by centrifugal force against the wall of the conduit, thereby breaking up said globules and causing the complete vaporization thereof when the latter impinge against the heated wall of the conduit.

l/Vhen the burner is first started a considerable portion of the fuel will remain in an unvaporized condition for sometime, but this unvaporized fuel will simply bubble over the baffle flange from the-space 11 into the portion 18 of the spiral passage and the further vaporization of said fuelwill'be accomplished as it flows around the spiral passage and before it reaches the outlet end of the inner conduit.

During the flow of the burning mixture through the inner conduit of the burner, the gases formed will expand and increase in volume as the mixing of the air and fluid fuel causes more complete vaporization of the fuel, and this expansion and increase of gases is provided for by the increase in size ofthe passage through the conduit caused by the increase in pitch of the spiral baffle flange and the decrease in width of said flange toward the outlet end of the conduit.

An additional increase inthe size of the spiral passage for the combustible'mixture,

in order to provide for the expansion of the gases, may be obtained by gradually increasing the diameter of the conduit of a burner. This increase of diameter of the conduit may beemployed without an increase in either the pitch or a decrease in width of the baffle flange of the conduit to provide the desired increase in size of the passage for the gases, or said increase in diameter may be employed in connection with either or both i of the other means for increasing thesize of the passage for the gases.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 3, the spiral passage for the gases is increased in size toward the outlet end of the burner by gradually increasing the diameter of conduit 4: toward its outlet end 8' and also by decreasing the width of the baffle flange formed in the conduit as shown 14, 1e, 14c and 14 and by increasing the pitch of the baffle flange as shown at 17, 17 and 17 In this modification of the invention, the inlet end 7 of the conduit is shown as outwardly curved to provide abell-shaped opening and the fuel inlet pipe 12 is shown in the form of a nozzle arranged at the upper side of the conduit in position to spray fuel into the conduit in the direction of its flow through the burner. This form of the invention may be employed without theme of an outer casing 1 through'which air is forced, the expansion of the gases within the conduit toward the outlet end of graduallyincreased diameter having a tendency due to the kinetic energy of the burning fuel to draw air into the conduit through the enlarged'inlet end 7, the amount of air thus drawn through the burner being sufficient to cause complete vaporization and combustion ofthefuel.

The burning fuel within the burner will generate sufiicient heat together with the spraying of the fuelinto the burner to completely vaporize the liquid fuel, and furthermore the spraying of the fuel into the burner and the large. increase in volume of the gaseous fuel, due to its vaporization, will gradually increase the velocity and kinetic energy of the gases discharged from the mouth of the burner thereby increasing the amount of air drawn at the inlet end of the burner. Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

' What is claimed is:

1. A burner having a passage for acornbustible mixture through said burner increasing in size in the'direction of flow of said combustible mixture and having inclined ribs projecting into said passage and of decreasing width toward the discharge end of said burner.

2. A burner comprising a casing, a conduit therein, and an air space between said conduit and casing, said conduit having a spiral passage therethrough for a combustible mixture increasing in size in the direction of flow of said combustible mixture.

A burner having a spiral passage through said burner for a combustible mixture, said passage increasing in size toward the discharge end thereof.

a. A burner having a spiral baflie flange extending inwardly from the wall of said burner and forming a passage for a combustible mixture through said burner increasing in size toward the discharge end thereof.

5. A burner having a spiral passage through said burner for a combustible mix-

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