US1399223A - Fluid-operated motor - Google Patents

Description

2 SHEETS SHEEI l.

Patented Dec; 6,

Ml M m N m: MN- %H\ SWAN \N k v W N m w in I r allll (T R II W UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAVE M. NELL, OF DENVER, CC JLORAI JO, ASSIGNOR TO THE DENVER ROCK D RILL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A CQRPORATION OF DELA- WARE.

Application filed March 29, 1918.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAVE M. NELL, a citizen of the United-States, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Operated Motors, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to so-called pneumatic hammers in which an expansive motive fluid is utilized for. operating a piston.

The object is toprovide'a. novel structure of'a simple character that is highly effective for distributing motive fluid to the piston to actuate it, and permitting a free exhaust therefrom, at the same time obtaining a cushion to the piston at the limit of its stroke.

An embodiment that is at present considered preferable, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a plan view of the tool,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional vlew therethrough,

' Fig. 3 is a front elevation, and

Fig. 4: is a cross section on the line l4 of F i 2.

bimilar reference numerals designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In the embodiment disclosed, a cylinder member is employed comprising'a barrel 5 closed by a front head 6 and a rear head 7 The head 6 is formed with a suitable chuck 8 to receive a tool, as a drill steel, a portion of which is shown at 9. Therear head 7 is provided with a suitable handle 10, and the cylinder member'formed by the barrel and heads is maintained in assembled condition by side bolts 11 connecting the heads and clamping them firmly against the ends of the barrel 5, as will be'evident. The cylinder member is formed with a piston chamber 12, to the ends of which motive fluid is supplied through a channel 13 having ports 14 opening into the ends of'said chamber, and preferably in communication with annular grooves 15 formed therein. Exhaust ports 16 open into the chamber at the ends thereof and just inside the groove 15, these ports also communicating with suitable grooves 17. A third exhaust port 18 opens into the piston chamber midway between the port 16, and is Specification of Letters Patent.

FLUID-OPERATED MOTOR.

Patented Dec. 6, 1921.

Serial No. 225,511.

also preferably. in communication with an annular groove 19. g A reciprocatory sleeve valve 20 is located in the piston chamber and is provided with reduced ends 21 that form internal 0ppo- 'sitely faced pressure shoulders 22. These reduced ends are received alternately by annular pockets 23 formed by reducing the heads 6 and 'K "at their inner ends and where they enter the ends of the'barrel. Ports 24 open from the supply ports 14' into said pockets. The sleeve valve is furthermorev provided midway of its ends with an exhaust port 25 that is in constant communication' withthe exhaust port 18 of the barrel, v

and said sleeve valve has end exhaust ports 26 that are respectively movable into and out of communication with the exhaust ports 16, accordingly as the valve is shifted;

A reciprocatory piston is employed which includes a head'27 operating in the sleeve valve 20 with a forwardly extending hammer portion'28 adapted to strike against the rear end ofthe tool 9. 'This. piston also has a re'arwa rdly projecting bosst29 adapted to enter a corresponding recess30 formed in the rear head 7.

Briefly-described; the operation is follows: With the parts as'shown in Fig. 2 the piston has completed its forward stroke, and the sleeve valve 20 has been moved .rearwardly;- In this position, the foremost supply port 14 is uncovered, while the rearmost su'pply'port is covered by the rear end of the valve. Motive fluid therefore will enter the front end of the piston chamber and drive the'piston rearwardly, the exhaust taking place through the ports 2518' and 2616.

As soon as the piston head 27 covers the rear exhaust port 26, it will be evident that motive fluid'will be trapped behind the piston and'the'pressure will rise. This not only constitutes'a cushion, butz also causes additional pressure against the rear internal shoulder 22 of'the valve, overbalancing the exhaust port 16. The ports 25 and 18 remain in communication, and will now be in front of the piston head. A forward movement of the piston will thereupon take place until the front limit of its strokeis reached, whereupon a rearward shifting of the valve will occur and the cycle of operations thus will be continued. The ports 24 are employed for balancingthe pressure against the reduced ends, insuring the proper action of.

the valve.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minor details of construction, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

. Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is I 1. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member, of a continuous sleeve valve movably mounted within the cylinder member, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder member, means controlled by the sleeve valve for supplying motive fluid to the piston for actuating it, means for maintaining pressure in opposite directions against the valve, and means controlledby the piston on its movement for increasing the fluid pressure alternately in opposite directions against the valve to shift the same. a

2. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member, of an open ended continuous sleeve valve movably mounted in the cylinder member, pockets in the cylinder member for alternately .receivingthe ends of-the valve, a piston. reciprocating in the cylinder member, means controlled by the sleeve valve for supplying motive fluid to the piston for actuating it, and means controlled by the piston on its movement for increasing the fluid pressure alternately in opposite directions against portions of the valve outside the pockets to shift the same.

3. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member, of an open ended sleevevalve movably mounted in the cylinder member, pockets in the cylinder member for alternately receiving the ends of the valve, said valve having op positely disposed internal pressure surfaces contiguous to said ends, a piston reciproeating in the cylinder member, means for supplying motive fluid. to the pockets, means controlled by the sleeve valve for supplying motive fluid to the piston for actuating it, and means controlled by the piston on its movement for increasingthe fluid pressure forming an internal shoulder, an annular pocket in the cylinder member to receive the reduced end, means for maintaining fluid.

under pressure in the pockets, a piston operating in the sleeve valve, means controlled by the sleeve valve for supplying motive fluid to the piston to actuate the same, and means providing .an exhaust through the sleeve valve behind the shoulder, whereby the piston traps motive fluid and produces an increased pressure against said shoulder when the piston passes the exhaust permitting means to shift said valve.

5. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member having a piston chamber, of means for supplying motive fluid to the ends of the piston chamber, a continuous reciprocatory sleeve valve operating in the piston chamber and movable across the supply means, said sleeve valve having reduced ends forming oppositely disposed internal pressure shoulders, pockets in the ends of the cylinder member for receiving the reduced ends, said cylinder member having ports for maintaining pressure against the ends of the sleeve valve when in the pockets, a reciprocatory piston operating in the-sleeve valve, and means for permitting exhaust from opposite sides of the piston, including ports in the end portions of the sleeve valve, the piston passing said ports and building up pressure against the internal shoulders for effecting the shifting of the valve.

6. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member, of a sleeve valve therein having an intermediate exhaust port and exhaust ports near its ends, a piston operating in the sleeve valve and traversing the intermediate port to permit exhaust therethrough from opposite sides of said piston, exhaust permitting means with which the end ports alternately communicate upon the shifting of the valve, and means controlled by the operation of the pistonto shift the valve. 7 a

7 In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member having a spaced terminal and anintermediate exhaust permitting means, of a sleeve valve therein having an intermediate exhaust port in constant communication with the intermediate means of the cylinder member,and end exhaust ports respectively movable into and out of communication with the end exhaust permitting means of the cylinder member, a piston operating in the sleeve valve and traversing the intermediate port thereof to permit exhaust through said port from opposite sides of said piston, means fluid to the piston to actuate it, and means mediate exhaust port in constant communicontrolled by the valve for supplying motivelsleeve valve furthermore having an intercontrolled by the operation of the piston to cation with the intermediate port of the cyll inder member, and a reciprocatory piston in shift the valve.

8. In apparatus of the character set forth the combination with a cylinder member having a piston chamber and motive fluid supply ports opening into the ends of the same, said cylinder member furthermore having an exhaust port opening into the ends of the piston chamber and a port between the end ports also opening into said piston chamber, a reciprocatory sleeve valve in the piston chamber having oppositely disposed pressure surfaces at its ends, said sleeve valve operating across the supply ports and having end exhaust ports movable into and out of communication with the exhaust ports of the cylinder member, the

the sleeve valve movable across the intermediate exhaust port thereof to permit the exhaust therethrough from opposite sides of the piston, said piston also covering and uncovering the end exhaust ports and thereby building up pressure against the pressure surfaces of the sleeve valv to move the same in opposite directions.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

GUSTAVE M. NELL.

Witnesses:

ALICE M. J ONES, SULLIVAN JOHNSON.

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