US1396237A

US1396237A - Fluid-pressure system

Info

Publication number: US1396237A
Application number: US200287A
Authority: US
Inventors: Vincent V Veenschoten
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1917-11-05
Filing date: 1917-11-05
Publication date: 1921-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 1938-11-08

Description

V. V. VEENSCHOTEN.

FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILEIJ Nov. 5, 1947.

Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

III

R O m E V m V Viensc/we/z WITNESS ATTORNEY V. V. VEENSCHOTEN.

FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 5, 1917.

1,396,237. Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I l NVENTOR. WITNESS. VCQZISCZ) ATTORNEY VINCENT Y. VEENSCHOTEN, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEM.

Application led November 5,'1917.'l Serial No.

- To lall whom it may concern.'

lto shortage of water, otherwise. Or it may insufficient capacity to supply the Water re- Beit known that I, VINCENT V. VEEN- SCHOTEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid- Pressure Systems, of which the following is a specification.

iuid pressure systems, wherein suchfluids as water and steam are used under varying pressures, and particularly where it is desired to maintain certain relations between the pressure of the fluid or fluids in diferent/ parts of the system, or to prevent injury of the system in case of accident or other abnormal occurrences. In illustrating myl invention I have related it particularly to boiler feed-'water systems; and one of the'objects of the invention is to provide means for more completely controlling such systems, particularly in cases of excessive loads thereon or accidents thereto, or of improper manipulation of the system 1n any way. g

In boiler feed-water systems it is common to use a pump for forcing the water into the boiler, the pump being operated by steam supplied by the boiler; and it sometimes happens that the pressure in the water pipe, because of breakage or leakage thereof, becomes reduced to such an extent that the pump begins to race due to the decrease in its load, and injury thereto may result. Such a result may follow the reduction in suction in the supply line of the pump due leakage, breakage, or be thatthe pump is of quired by the boiler or battery of boilers under certain exigencies,such'as abnormal increase in loads on the boiler. And one of the objects of the invention lis to prevent injuries to the pump, or to give notice to the operator, by stopping the pump if any such an emergency ar1ses. Y J

Ofthe accompanyingdrawings, Figure l1 is a front elevation of a boiler system, more or less diagrammatic, embodying features of my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the pump governing devices of the system; and Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the control valve showing additional detail structure.

Referring to Fig. 1 the boiler 5 is fed with water by means of the feed-water pipes 6 Specification ofIetters Patent.

x is 4invention 4relates to apparatus forl controlling valve 27 the steam pipe 20. its normal position,

Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

Kfeed-water valve 8; the water pressure in the feed-water pipe being maintained by the pump 9, which is operated by the engine 10.

he engine is supplied with steam from the boiler through the pipe `11; and the steam supplyxvalve 12 is controlled normally, in a well known manner, while my control valve in the casing 14, in turn, controls the operation of the governor under certain conditions.

The governor 13 is what is commonly called a constant excess pressure governor and. tends tof maintain a constant difference in the pressures of the the pump and the steam operating the pump. Asis common, the governor comprises a cylinder 15, within which is a piston 16. The piston is fixed, by the stem 17, to the steam valve plunger 18, which controls the supply of steam to the engine 10. The upperend'of the cylinder l5 is connected by a pipe y19 with Vthe feed-water pipe 32, and the lower end by a pipe 20 to the steam pipe 11; so `that the water pressure tends to force the piston 16 down to close the valve 12, and the steam pressure, assisted by a weight 21, tends to force the steam valve open.

The casing 14 of the control valve is connected in the

pipes

19 and 20, and controls the water and steam pressures on the piston. This control valve comprises a valve `22 which is adapted normally to close a port 23;' but, under Ycertain conditions, will be forced upward to close a port 24. ormally the water pressure is transmitted to the upper side of the piston 16 through the pipe 19, the upper port 24,-and pipe 25; but steam pressure will be transmitted there through pipe 2O when the valve is forced upwardly opening port 23 and closing port 24.

Fixed to the valve 22 is a downwardly extending stem 26 to which is fixed a secondary which normally closes al port 28 leading tothe atmosphere; and which, when forced upwardly, closes a port 29 leading' to When the disk 27 is in indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, the steam pressure acts through the port 29 and the ipe 30, on the lower side of the piston 16. Ilnder normal operation there is no operation of the

valves

22 and 27, and

by the governor V13;

water delivered by the valve casing 14, merely transmits, i

f sure in the main through its ports, the water and steam pressure unchanged to the governor cylinder. If, however, the water 'pressure above the disk 22 becomes materially less thanthe steam pressure on the under side of the valve 22, the valve will be forced upwardly, allowing the steam pressure to pass to the upper side of the piston 16, and shutting 0H the steam pressure from the lower side of the piston by closing -the port 29, and releasing the.

steam pressure in the lower end of the cylinder 15 by opening the port 28.

In operation, then, if there should be a serious leakage in the feed-water pipe, or a shortage of water in the pump suction p1pe, the pressure of the water in the feed-water pipe would diminishthe water in the boiler would sink, the regulator 7 would open wider the valve 8, this would reduce still more the pressure in the feed-water pipe, and finally the valve Y8 would open to its maximum extent. If other boilers were in usein parallel with boiler 5, using water from the pump 9, through the pipe 31, or otherwise,y

their regulators would also open their feedwater valves, still further reducing the presfeed-water line 32, and hence in the pipe 19 and above the valve 22.

This reduction in pressure would cause the governor to open wider the steam valve 12, and racing of the pump would follow. And

i if, for any reason, the pressure in the feedwater pipe were reduced to a certain predetermined amounty the steam would force up the valve 22, and,lhence, 27, closing the

portsv

24 and 29,

opening ports

23 and 28,and thus releasing the pressure below the plston 16; the piston would then be forced down Aand the valve' 18 would be closed; and the pump would be stopped before its increased speed, due to theidecreased load and the increased supply of steam to the pumplengine, would become dangerous. If a great reduction in pressure in the feed-water pipe should occursuddenly, by a breakage'in the system or a material decrease in water supply, the water lpressure would instantly fall so far below the steamv pressure that the

valves

22 and 27 would very quickly be operated and the pump stopped before it could overrun dangerously. A check valve 33 prevents the back "ressure from the boiler reaching the control valve and interfering with its operation. l

As normally the steam in the casing 14 presses down on the valve 27 and up on the valve 22, the upward pressure would be equal to the difference; and the downward pressure on the 'valve 22 due to the water would hold the valve closed; and the excess upward pressure necessary to open the valves" would depend on the relativesizes of the valve ports and the weight of the valves 'and stems. In order to adjust the amount of excess pressure required, any

any predetermined excess steam pressure` may be provided for. k

In starting the pump, before the steamis turned on, the

valves

22 and 27, due to gravity and the pressure of the-spring '35, will always be down in normal position. Whenthe steam valve 51 is opened there will be a tendency for the steam to pass into the control valve casing; and to force the valve 22 up, andthen pass into the cylinder 15 and force the valve 12 closed and Stop the pump before it gets up suicient water pressure to close valve 22 against the steam pressureQTo avoid this the valve 51 may be closed until the pump starts.

It sometimes may bedesired to have the control valve operate when the water pressure is equal to oreven .greater than the steam pressure. This may be provided for by the use of any suitable means which assists,instead of opposes, the steam pressure.

For the purpose I prefer a spring 45 encircling the stem 46 extending downwardly from the valve 27. The spring may be adjustably compressed between the collar 47 and the plate 48; the plate being threaded into the casing of the valve as shown in Fig. 3. It is to be understood, however,

tial to the operation of the control valve, but are merely for use when it is desired to vary the relative or excess pressure at which the valve willJbe operated from the pressur fixed by the relative sizes of the valve ports. Either of the springs may 'be used or both or neither, as may be desired.'

As it is difficult to prevent leakage when two`valves are )fixed to the same stem, the valve 27 may be arranged in any suitable manner so that it is slidable to alimited extent on the valve stem 26. I prefer in thisinstance to arrange the valve and stem asindicated iny Fig. 3 so that the valve is slidable on the section 49 of the stem, between the shoulder 50 andthe collar 47, which is threaded onto the stem 46. As the steam pressure forces the valve, 27 downward, it will be forced thereby into its port normally, and a little leakage when the valve is forced upward is immaterial.

I\claim as my invention: L 1. The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained in each of said vessels', a device arranged to be operated by both of said iuids acting together, and

means for controlling the operation of said device by both of said uids when the dfthat neither of the springs'35 or 45 is essenference between the pressures thereof reaches said outlet communieating with Vsaid l a predetermined amount.

- vary the pressure on o ne 2; The combination of two vessels, a fluid .under pressure contained in. each of' said vessels, means for varying the pressure of one of said fluids, a device arranged to be operated by both of said fiuidsas the difference between the"pressur`es thereof varies,

and means for controlling the operation of' sald devlce When said difference reaches apredetermined amount.

A 3. The combination oftwo vessels, a fluid under pressure in each of said vessels, means tending to maintain a-'constant difference or" pressure on said fluids, means tending'to and means for controlling said first meng tioned means When said pressure difference reaches a predetermined amount.

4. Thecombination of two vessels, a fluid under a varying pressure in each-'of vsaid vessels, means tendin'gto 'maintain a con- `stant differencein the magnitude.; of said pressures, 4means for controlling said rstmentioned means when vsaid differencel reachesfa predetermined amount, and means for adjusting saidJ predetermined amount. 5. The combination of va vessel, afiuid underpressure in said vessel, a conduit havforcing a fluid condult, means pressure insaid conduit over the pressure in said vessel, means for varying the sizeof said opening, said governing means Whenthe saidr excess pressure reduces to a predetermined amount.

6I The combination of a boiler,- apump,

a plpe` connecting said pump with said' said pipe, a feed-v boiler, a check valve in Water valve 1n sald pipe a regulator controlled by the Water level elevation in said feed water valve, a governor `fz'or governing the speed of said pump,

operated by the pressure of the steam V'in said boiler and the water in said pipe, and meansV for controlllng .said governor when -the exlcess pressure of the Water in'said pipe over the pressure of the. steam in reduced to 'apredetermined means for regulating saidamount.`

7. The combinationof a boiler, a pump operatively connected Withlsaid boiler, a governor normally affectedJby' the pressure Said boiler is amount, vand ofthe steam in said boiler for maintaining'H a constant excess pressure on the discharge Water of said pump over the steam inl said boiler, and means for stopping said` pump when said excess pressure is reduced to a predetermined' amount, said vmeans comprising a valve casing, an out. 4let 1n said caslng, two lnle'ts mto said cas- `of" said fluids,

Y pump, a cylinder, ing an opening. into said vessel, means for'. into said 'vessel through said.,

for goverllil'ig 'said forcing means tending to maintain a constant excess and means lfor controlling cutting plyin'g Water vunder the `opening of said operat1vely 'connected -Wlth sald valve, a saidl governor being,

predetermined pressure of the' tively connected with said governor, one of said-inlets communicating steam pressure in said boiler; said means comprising a valve for'supplying steam to operatesaid pump;4

With VsaidA valve; means for transmitting said steam and Water pressures respectively to opposite sides of said piston; and means for cutting 'off said steam pressure `from vone side of said piston and replacing said Water pressure by'said steam pressure on the other 4side of' said piston.

- 9. .The combination of a` pumpJf-orsupplying wa'ter supply of' steam a valve for supplying steam from said source to operate said operatively' connected with said valve, a

.conduit connecting one end of said cylinder with the-said steam supply, a conduit connecting the other'end v of said cylinder With the means operatedby the saidrespective Water Lpress'ure and steam Water supplied by said-pump, and

pressure for stopping underv pressure, a source ofV a piston in said cylinder meansfor operating 'said valve comprlslng a piston connected said pump, said means comprising means for 'off the stea end o said cy1inder.

The combination of a pump for supsupply of:- steam, steam from said pump, a'fcylinder,

a valve for supplying source to operatel said a piston .in s'aid cylinder Conduit connectingonefend of said cylinder with .the said steamsupp'ly, a `conduit conend of said cylinder with lied by said pump, and means pressure, a source of l m pressure from the one ilo 'cutting off the steam pressure from the one steam pr ssure therein.

V1l. T e Combination off-.a pump forsup- 'plying water under pressure, plyofl steam, a valve for supplying steam from said source .to operate said pump.,l a cylinder, a vpiston insai-d cylinder operaend of said cylinder and "for releasing the Water supplied 'by sald pump, and' means a source o f supyalve, a conduit operated by the said respective Water pressure and steaml pressure for stopping said pump, said means comprising means for 'cutting off the steam pressure from the one y end of said cylinder and for releasing the steam pressure therein and for replacing the water pressure in the other end f the cylinder by the steam pressure. f

12. In a boiler feed-Water system, the combination of a constant excess pressure pump governor` and a controller thereof, said controller comprising a casing having two inlets and tWo outlets, said outlets connected respectively With the water presber of said governor,

'pump governor and a Controller thereof,

said controller comprising a casing having I two inlets and tWo outlets, said outlets connected .respectively With the normal Water.

pressure chamber and the (steam -pressure chamber of said governorhsaid inlets adapted to Abe connected respectively with the feed-Water pipe and the steam chamber of a boller, a valve system in said casing, said valve system being operable by the Water and steampressures of the system, and arranged to alternately. connect said inlets with 'the water pressure outlet, and to alternately connect and disconnect said steam inlet and said steam pressure outlet.

14. In a boiler feed-Water system the combination of a constant excess pressure pump governor, anda controller for said governor, said controller comprising a casing having a steani and a Water inlet and a steam and a normal Water outlet, said steam outlet being connected with the steam pressure chambei' of said governor and said Water outlet being connected with the normal Water pressure chamber of Said governor; a valve system in' saidjcasing having a movable disk arranged to close successively said Water outlet against the steam pressure and against the Water pressure, when said Water outlet is closed against said steam pressure said water inlet and Water outlet being con-` nected,

15. ln a boiler feed-water sys/tem the combination ofa constant excess pressure pump governor, and a controller for said governor, said controller comprising a casing having a 'steam and a Water inlet and a steam and a normal Water outlet, said steam outlet being connected With the steam pressure chamber of said governor and. Said Water outlet being connected with the normal rvatei; pressure chamber of said. governor; a valve system in said casing having a movable disk arranged to close successively said Water outlet against the steam pressure and against the Water pressure, When said Water outlet is closed against said steam pressure said Water inlet and Water outlet being connected, and when 'said Water outlet is closed against said Waterpressure said steam inlet and Water outlet being connected.

16. In a boiler feed-Water system the combination of a device to be operated, and a controller of said device; said controller comprising a casing having a steam and a Water inlet and a steam and a normal Water outlet, and saiddevice having a steam and a normal Water inlet; said device and said controller each arranged to be operated by a differential fluid pressure; said controller steam and water outlets being connected respectively with the steam and water inlets of said device; said controller steam and Water inlets adapted to be 'connected respectively with the steam and the feed-water pipes of a boiler; and a valve system insaid casing arranged to alternately connect the Water and the steam inlets thereof with the Water outlet. V

17. In a boiler feed-.Water system the com- `bination of a device to be operated, and a controller of saidV device; said controller comprising 4a casing having a. steam and a Water inletand a steam and a normal Water outlet, and said 'device having a steam and a normal Water inlet; said device and said controller each arranged to be operated by diderential iuid pressures; said controller steam and Water outlets being connected respectively With the steam and the Water inlets ofsaid device; said controller steam and Water inlets adapted to be connected respectively with the steam and the feedvvater pipes of a boiler; and a valve system in said casing arrangedn to alternately connect the water and the steam inlets of the casing ivith the Water outlet thereof, and to alternately connect the steam inlet of the casing with the 'steam and Water outlets' thereof.

18. n a boiler feed Water system the combination of a device to be operated, and a controller of said device; said controller comprising a casing having a steam and a Water inlet and a steam and a normal Water outlet, and said device having a steam and a normal Water inlet; said device and said controller each arranged to be operated by differential fluid pressures; said controller steam and Water outlets being connected respectively With the steam and Water inlets of said device; said controller steam and Water inlets adapted to be connected respectively with the steam and the feed-Water pipes of a boiler; and a valve system in said sources of fluid casing arranged to alternately connect the water and the steam inlets thereof with the water outlet, and to alternately connect said steam inlet with said steam and water outlets, and to connect said steam outlet withthe external air when said steam inlet is connected with said water outlet. 19. The combination of two distinct to be operated normally by both of said fluids acting siniiltaneously, and means for controlling'the operation of said device by said uids when the .difference between the pressures thereof reaches a predetermined amount.

20. The lcombination of two veels, a Huid under pressure contained in each of pressure, a device arranged said vessels, a device arranged t0 be operated in opposite directions by said fluids, and means for eliminating the elect of the operation on said devicel of one of said fluids when the difference between the pressures thereof reaches a predetermined amount.

21.V The combination of two vessels, a Huid under pressure contained in each of said Vessels, a device arranged tobe operated by the difference of said two pressures, and means for eliminating the effect of one of said pressures duces to a predetermined amount.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set vmy hand., e

CENT V. VEENSCHOTEN. p

when said difference re-A 30