US1395684A - Oil-gage fob - Google Patents
Oil-gage fob Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1395684A US1395684A US1395684DA US1395684A US 1395684 A US1395684 A US 1395684A US 1395684D A US1395684D A US 1395684DA US 1395684 A US1395684 A US 1395684A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- cathodes
- substances
- electrolytic
- electrolysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XVOFZWCCFLVFRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxochromium Chemical compound [Cr]=O XVOFZWCCFLVFRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001459693 Dipterocarpus zeylanicus Species 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002101 lytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/28—Per-compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
- C01B15/055—Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof
- C01B15/12—Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof containing boron
Definitions
- alkali carbonates can be converted by electrolysis into alkali percarbonat'es, and it is also known that alkali percarbonates can be again converted into alkali perborates (by double reaction) with borates.
- l hose parts of the cathodes which are not exposed to the current are preferably .protected from the action of the electrolytic liqnidin as far as they are exposed to i[ for instance by covering them with a re sistant varnish or by securing to them pieces of substances which are not corroded. such as for instance Vulcanized rubber.
- the present process can be generally ap plied in the electrolytic: manufacture of pcrborate. More particularly, it is not llll')- ited to the processes described in the prior patent-applications of the same inventor, which are carried out in the presence of solid perborate, solid hora'x. solid soda.
- the step which consists in adding to the electrolyte a chromium-oxygen compound to stabilize the base metal cathode and prevent solution and deposition thereof in the end product.
- the step which consists in adding to the electrolyte a chromium-oxygen compound to stabilize the base metal cathode 5 and prevent solution and deposition thereof the end pl'OdtlCt.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
UNITED STAT S PATENT OFFICE.
OTTO LIEBKNECHT, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE'MAIN; GERMANY. ASSIGNOR TO THE ROESSLER & HASSLACHER CHEMICAL COMPANY. OF NEW YORK. N. 1., A COR.
PORAIION OF. NEW YORK.
No Drawing.
To all whom it may; concern:
Be it known that I, OTTo LlEBKNl-ICHT, a subject of the German Emperor and resident of Frankforton-thel\[ain, Germany. have invented certain new and useful lm provements in the Manufacture of Perborates, of which the followin is a specification.
It is known that alkali carbonates can be converted by electrolysis into alkali percarbonat'es, and it is also known that alkali percarbonates can be again converted into alkali perborates (by double reaction) with borates.
In the matter of a prior application of the same inventor, it has been shown that the above known process can be successfully can ried out in a single operation by subjecting a solution which, in addition to carbonate, contains also borate, to electrolysis in the presence of solid perborate.
It is clear that in carrying out such processes on a. manufacturing scale, the tendency should be to replace the expensive platinum electrodes by a cheaper electrode material. Experiments which the inventor has carried out to that effect, have shown however that cathodes say of zinc, tin or aluminium which would at fi st sight appear to an expert very suitable, cannot be used because they are attacked by electric atomizing or chemically by the electrolyte.
in experiments which the inventor made with cathodes of such substances easily liable to destruction the surprising discov ery was made that in the presence of cer tain substances, such as for instance chromic. acid or chromatcs, the cathodes are not attackcd. so that electrolytic manufa ture of pcrboratcs can be carried out without any disturbance. it for instance, tin is used as cathode material, a product will be always obtained which is colored gray by finely divided tin and is not very stable owing to the presence of tin. Tf chromic acid is added to the electrolyte. a white product will he obtained which is Free from tin and therefore stable. while at; the same time the yield per unit of current will be improved as the disturbin; efi ect exercised by liuely divided tin on the stability of the product is done away with. (hromic acid and chronlaies act in the same way when cathodes of zinc, aluminium. etc, are used.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Nov. 1, [921.
Application filed January 27, 1917. Serial No. 145,917.
on the basis of this discovery it is possible to carry out electrolysis-of perborates even with substances which under normal conditions are attacked during the electrolysis. Even when using cathodes which, like those of lead, iron, etc., possess already a comparatively good resistance to the action of the electrolytic liquid during electrolysis, it has been found advisable to make use of an addition of chromic acid or of chromates, for the stability of these substances is improved by the resence of such protective substances tort e cathodes. In any case the presence of the protecting substances in question increases the life of the cathode, insures a smooth course of the electrolysis with a better yield and gives a purely white end product free from metal.
l hose parts of the cathodes which are not exposed to the current, are preferably .protected from the action of the electrolytic liqnidin as far as they are exposed to i[ for instance by covering them with a re sistant varnish or by securing to them pieces of substances which are not corroded. such as for instance Vulcanized rubber.
The present process can be generally ap plied in the electrolytic: manufacture of pcrborate. More particularly, it is not llll')- ited to the processes described in the prior patent-applications of the same inventor, which are carried out in the presence of solid perborate, solid hora'x. solid soda.
I claim:
1. ln electrolytic processes with a normally soluble base metal cathode. the step which consists in adding to the electrolyte a [H'OiPPtlIUI substance to stabilize the base metal cathode and preventsolution and deposition thereof in the end product.
S2. in electrolytic processes with a normally soluble base metal cathode, the step which consists in adding to the electrolyte a chromium-oxygen compound to stabilize the base metal cathode and prevent solution and deposition thereof in the end product.
fl. In thc electrolytic production of alkali pcrlmrate with a normally solu le metal rathodc, the stcp which consi ts in adding to the clcctrolyc a prolcctinc substance to sta ilize the base nictul iuil in lt' and pre ent solution and dep sition 4.1.? ml in the product.
4. lo the electr lytic productio: c
bus-
dium perborate with a normally soluble base metal cathode the step which consists in adding to the electrolyte a chromium-oxygen compound to stabilize the base metal cathode 5 and prevent solution and deposition thereof the end pl'OdtlCt.
Iii testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two SUbSCIiblIlg witnesses.
OTTO LIEBKNECHT.
Witnesses:
HARRY E. CARLSON, J EAN GRUND.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1395684A true US1395684A (en) | 1921-11-01 |
Family
ID=3400098
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US1395684D Expired - Lifetime US1395684A (en) | Oil-gage fob |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1395684A (en) |
-
0
- US US1395684D patent/US1395684A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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