US1395081A

US1395081A - Drill

Info

Publication number: US1395081A
Application number: US204984A
Authority: US
Inventors: Clinton R Barry; Marshall L Mcclelland
Original assignee: CROWLEY AND SMITH PATENTS COMP
Current assignee: CROWLEY AND SMITH PATENTS Co; CROWLEY AND SMITH PATENTS COMP
Priority date: 1917-12-01
Filing date: 1917-12-01
Publication date: 1921-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 1938-10-25

Description

C. R. BARRY AND M. L. NICCLELLAND.

DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED Dac. 1, 1911.

4 sHETs-SHEET 1.

Patented Oct. 259 1921.

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DRILL'.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1, 1917.

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DRILL. `APPLICATION FILED DEC.1, 1917-y K 1,395,081. Patented Oct. 25, 1921.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

- jga @ai E0 K /g /26 33 alf l! i 56 2 y r c. R. BARRY AND M. L. MCCLELLAND.

DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I, 1917.

Patented Oct. 25, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

/26 56 7222 /0/2 I y?. .Ear/y.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

CLINTON R. BARRY AND MARSHALL L. MCCLELLAN'D, 0F FOB/IJ SMITH, ARKANSAS,

4 ASSIGNORSOF `ONZE-HALF TO THEf CROWLEY AND SMITH PATENTS COMPANY,

OF OKLAHOMA, OKLAHOMA, A CORPORATION' 0F DELAWARE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patent-ed Oct 25, 1921.

Application filed December 1, 1917. Serial No. 204,984.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that We CLINTON R. BARRY i and MARSHALL L. MCQLELLAND, citizens of the United States, residing at Fort Smith, in the county 'of Sebastian and State of Arkansas, have invented new and useful Improvements linDrills, of which the fQllowing is a specification. c

This invention relates to improvements in the art of'drilling oil wells, and has for its object to produce a means whereby a Well may be effectively drilled at a great^saving in time, material and labor, 'and wherein the well known Aobstacles incident to the .ordinary drilling of said wells will be success'- fully overcome. y

In oil fields, the ground formation strata below the earths surface, naturally varies in accordance with'the geographical location of such fields. In oil fields, however, the cutting elements of the drill are required to bore through both hard and soft strata.

Frequent contact of the boring tool withA rock, slate, and such hard formations require the frequent resharpening orreplacing of the cutting elements of the boringy tool, but in boring through soft strata, the cutting elements of the boring tool or drill are not materially affected, and, as a matter of fact, the weight of the boring tool or drill, combined with that of the casing stem, assists the drill vin readily boring or plowing t through such soft earth formation. Among such soft'strata, deep beds of clay, known as gumbo and heavy beds of quicksand are encountered. The gumbo is of a -soft putty-like consistency and will readily cave into and ill up a hole formed by the drill, should the casing be removed for the resharpening or replacing of the drill. Thus, gumbo, quicksand, or any othervery soft formation which is frequently encountered, makes successful and speedy drilling almost impossible and Very expensive with the drilling appliances'of the ordinary construction. Cable rigs for such drilling cannot be employed successfully, and resort must be had to the rotary drilling system in order to penetrate strata of thisrcharacter. The use of the rotary drilling system, however, is attended with much difficulty and expense because of the fact that the entire casing must be removed from the hole to replace 'of this fact, the rotary system is not ada ted to the drilling or boring of hard roc' or strata, as the bit yor` cutting element must be frequently resharp'ened or replaced while boring in such hard formations and the time and labor thatis consumed in so frequently removing theV entire casing from the hole makes the rotary system impractical for hard rock drilling.

Time in well drilling is considered a factor greater in importance than the expense of the material employed in the drilling, but, the latter must also be considered an important item. To remove a rotary drill stem from vthe hole requires a considerable amount of time and labor and the replacing of the` same in the hole requires a stil-l greater amount of time and labor; as a matter of fact, a rotary. drill stem cannot be vertical movementthereof, and, consequently,

it is necessary that the cutting elements of the drill provide for this contingency.

In order that the necessity of withdrawlng the casing stem from the hole in order to change or resharpen the parts of the boring tool or drill bit which form the cutting lelements may be obviated, and that thereby the time and expense usually spent in this operation may be saved, while at the same time a hole of substantially larger diameter than the casing stem may be drilled by the drill bit, and the drill bit itself may be of such construction that all parts may be able to bear the strain to which they may be subjected, we have devised a detachable rotary drill bit which may be readily withdrawn through the casing stem and which, in its working position, will cut a hole large enough to accommodate the casing stem and is of such construction that all parts are large enough to bear the strain imposed upon them.'

All rotary bits heretofore used in drilling deep wells have been rigidly attached to the lower lend of the casing, andv no means has heretofore been provided whereby the weight resting upon the bit, or cuttingelements,` can be controlled with uniformity by the driller. In using the means now employed inv rotary drilling, the driller attempts to regulate the weight resting upon the drill bit by raising or lowering the entire casing, which has a weight of many tons, and, as the downward pressure in-- drills'employed in drilling deep wells, ther hole through the cap-roclqover the oil sand cannot be sealed up land a water-tight joint between the cap-rock and the casing made without, removing the casing and setting drill stem in the well; the pipe or casing u employed as a drill stem cannot be made to serve as a permanent casing for the completed well without first removing it fromv the hole and removing the bit from the lower end of the stem, after which the casing stem may be replaced in the well and serve as permanent casing. This is f expensive. and has proved very unsatisfactory, in that much valuable oil is wasted l while making the change, and if a very strong gas pressure is encountered in the oil sand, the well may be entirely ruined by the escaping gas destroying the wallsy ofthe uncased well.

A still further important feature in well drilling is the provision of means whereby certain sections of strata may be removedV for examination or analyzing, the driller, upon such examination or4v analysis, ascertaining the proximity of his ldrill to the oil sand, and no provisions have been made for the removal of such strata in any construction of drills with which we are acquainted.

lt may, therefore, be considered the primary object of our invention to provlde means for overcoming the above mentioned objectionable features encountered in drilling and' to simplify and improve the existing art by producing a drilling apparatus ofv a simpler, cheaper and better arrangement of parts than has hitherto been known in this art, and which will perform their functions in an expeditious and highly satisfactory manner. i

With these and other objects in view,4

which will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists'in the novel construction, combination and yarrangen'lent of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated and claimed.

The essential features of the invention in- `volvedint carrying out the objects above indicated, are necessarily susceptible of embodiment in various forms of construction withoutA departingfrom the scope of the inventioniD but certain preferred and practical embodiments are exemplified bythe accom- Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate, upon an enlarged scale, an approximately central vertical longitudina'l sectional view of the improvement, the former illustrating the lower part and .the latter the upper-part of the device.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view upon an enlarged scale approximately upon the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view approximately on the line 5--5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a similar sectional view approximately on the line 6 6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a similar sectional view approximately on the line 7 7 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view substantially similar to Fig. 6 but showing the reamers in their retracted position.

Fig. l9 is'a transverse sectional view approximately upon the line 949 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view through a portion of the casing and illustrating the construction of the fishing tool for removing the bit and reamers.

Fig. 11 is a sectional View approximately on the line 11--11 of/Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view approximately on the line 12-12 of Fig. 10.

Fig. .13 is a detail plan View illustrating the roller` member between the toggle arms of the centering device for the pin designed to be engaged bythe fishing tool.

The casing stem 15 is made up, in the usual manner, of a desired number of threadedly connected pipe sections. 0n the end of the lower section of the stem 15 is threadedly secured a tubular sleeve 16, of any desiredlength, which constitutes an element of the stem 15, the said sleeve, at itslower end` and upon its inner periphery, being formed with an annular enlargement or flange 17. The ange 17, upon its inner surface, is provided Withspaced longitudinal depressions 18 providing ribs 19 between the said depressions.

Arranged in the sleeve 16 is a tubular member, hereinafter known as a follower or shoe, 2O which has its upper or outer edge provided with an annular vfiange 21 that contacts with the inner surface of the sleeve 16. The follower or shoe 20 has its outer or lower end extending throughthe sleeve 16 and this endhas secured thereon an outwardly extending collar 22. Resting on the upper shoulder provided by the collar 22 is a compressible gasket 23 designed to receive the outer end of the flange 17 when the casing stem and sleeve are moved downwardly toward the collar 22, or when the follower 20 is telescoped in the sleeve. The follower 20, on its outer surface, is provided with longitudinal depressions 24 forming vthe said outer surface with ribs 25 between the said depressions, the ribs' 25 being received in the depressions 18 of the sleeve 16, and the ribs 19 of the sleeve 16, being received in the depressions 24 of the follower 20. By this arrangement, it will be seen that the fol` lower 20 while afforded a limited free longitudinal movement through the sleeve 16 is held against lateral or rotary movement independent of the sleeve.

Arranged in the follower 20, and extending therethrough, is a hollow drill bit made up, in the construction drawings, of three sections, the upper section being indicated by the numeral 26, the intermediate section by the numeral 27, and the lower section by the numeral 28. The intermediate section of the drill bit has its central portion in the nature of a block provided with al substantially rectangular pocket 29, and having openings in thel opposite longitudinal walls of the pocket, the said openings entering the pocket from the outer surface of the said section 27.` The upper and lower walls provided by the pocket, in a line with the openings 30, but inward of the said openings, are provided with apertures 31 which permit of the free flowing of the water from the casing stem 15 to the lower portion of the drill bit section 28. By reference to Figs. 2, 6 and 8 of the drawings, it will be seen that the collar-22 partly closes the transverse openings 30 of the central or intermediate section 27- of the bit, and by reference especially to these Figs. 6 and 8 of the drawings, it will benoted that the depending portion of the collar, in a line with the said openings is formed, upon its` inner face with longitudinally extendingV arcuate depressions 32 that terminate in angular shoulders 33, and the purpose of this arrangement will presently be apparent.

The reamers are indicated by the numerals 34, and, as disclosed by the drawings, comprise each,v a substantially rectangular body portion 35 of a size and shape to slide in the pocket 29, the said body portions of the reamers being of a length greater than onehalf of the length of the Said pocket and being of a cross sectional area corresponding to the area of a rectangular opening 30. The cutting surfaces or edges of the reamers are formed upon the lower and outer ends of the body portions 35. The upper edges of the said cutting portions of the reamers being arranged approximately centrally of the body whereby the cutting portions 36 may be projected through the openings 30'out- '38 corresponding in shape yillustrated by the exception that ribs 48`48 are rounded from the upper edges thereof in- I wardly to the lower edge ofthe body afs shown in the drawings, but instead of being .so rounded the cutting edge may be substantially square, or in any other shape found to be efficient, and the outer edges of the said cutting'surfaces are beveled'as indicated by the numerals 37, whereby the rounded cutting surfaces of each of the reamers is provided with a knife edge.

The body 35 of each of the reamers is provided adjacent its cutting surfaces with a substantially vertical V shaped depression to and adapted to engage a portion of the walls of the before mentioned depression 32 in the collar 22 when the reamers are brought to an operative position. Engaging the remaining arcuate portion of the arcuate wall of the depression 32 is the arcuate surface 39 of the reamer. The exact construction and engagement between the walls of the depression 32 and the walls of the depression 38 and arcuate surface is an important feature of our construction as the reamers are effectually reinforced against torsional strain and against movement toward an inoperative position and this prevention of inward movement of the reamers is materially aided by other parts to be described later. Each of the upper and lowerwalls of the pocket 29 has formed therein a pair of

rectangular openings

43 and 44 arranged slightly out of alinement with each other but having a restricted communication` with each other to form

shoulders

41 and 42 at a point axially of the intermediate member 27 for a purpose hereinafter described. I r

The operative device for the reamers is in the nature of a plate or mandrel 45 and includes a stem 46 rectangular in cross-sectional area and a head 47 having a crosssection equal to that of the stem 46 with the formed upon opposite faces of the head in positions to cooperate with the body of the head to engage the walls of the

openings

43 and 44 and guide the mandrel in its movements. By referring to F-ig. 5 it will be seen that by striking the ribs from the faces of the head shoulders 49-49 are formed for a purpose hereinafter described. Arranged in the opposite faces of the head and running parallel with the ribs part way of their length, are channels 50-50 which communicate with oppositely disposed angularly arranged grooves or channels 51 and 52 crossing each other at a central point and making their exit at the lower end of the stem for the purpose of allowing the parts to be readily assembled.

The head 47 has its'free or upper end formed into an enlargement 54 sliding within the upper member 26 and having formed therein water openings 55. Threaded to thev oppositely disposed openings in thev upper member 26 are pins 58 which limitethe upward movement of the mandrel through the bit.

It is of course to be understood that the construction of the bar 56 and pins 58 can threadedly connecting it to the threaded pin be Such that the bar may act in the capacity of a jar and should this be desired the exit ends of the grooves 5l and 52 may extend a determined, distance in a vertical direction before making their exit at the lend of the mandrel.

The upper section 26 of the bit, at the outer end thereof, is thickened or otherwise provided with an outwardly arranged annular flange 59, the said flange being provided with spaced longitudinal openings 60 and with continuous or transverse depressions 61. The last mentioned depressions 'are designed to have arranged therein flexible metallic bands 62 which contact with the outer ends of the pins or rods 58 to retain the same removably connected to the upper section of the bit. l

The lower edge of the shoulder 63 provided by the annular enlargement or flange 59 rests upon the outer edge ofthe flange 2l of the follower 20 so that the drill proper .is supported on the follower 20 -which in turn rests on and engages the reamers when the latter are in operative positions and thus the weight of the follower and drill parts and the boring tool (hereinafter described) carried by the lower section of the drill, will force the reamers as well as the lower boring element or member against the work without necessitating the weight of the heavy line of pipe comprising the casing stem influencing either the reamers or the lower boring tool of the bit in their operation, and, further, so thatvadding a heavy or light bar .of

steel, which we will call a sinker bar by 90 on the upper end of the mandrel, changeable weight may be added to the bit asin the judgment of the operator is most suitable for boring whatever kind of rock the bit may be working in.

- ach of the reamers 34 upon the inner face thereof, is provided with an outwardly extending lug 64, which may take the form of a screw mounted in the reamer and which is preferably round in cross section, and which is designed to be received in the respective channel upon the face or side of the mandrel.-

Nhen the mandrel is moved in an upward direction, (in a manner which will be pres- 51 and 52 ofthe said channels contact with 'ently described), the lugs 64 will ride freely through the straight branches 50 of the channels in the mandrel, but when the opposite walls provided by the angular branches the lugs, the reamers will be drawn inwardly to the1r pockets, as illustrated in Fig. 8 of the drawings.

When the mandrel is entirely removed, the exit ends of the directing channels permit of the lugs being readily arranged in the said channels, and when the mandrel is lowered, by the weight thereof, or otherwise, the lugs following the contour of the channels will cause the reamers to be projected to their operative position. The downward moveme'nt of the mandrel is limited by contact of the upper end of the slot 57 upon the bar or pin 58, and when the mandrel is in its lowered position, the inner corners of the reamers will be brought to contact with the respective shoulders 49 formed upon the inner faces of the ribs 48 in the head portion 47 of the mandrel, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawings, so that in combination with the interenga-gement of the walls of the depression 38 and the arcuate surface 39 ofthe reamers with the shoulders 33 and l depressions 32 of the collar 22, the said reamers are retained against inward movement with respect to their pockets, and the contacting engagement of the ribs and shoulders on-.the head portion of the mandrel with the said reamers reinforce and strengthen the same to withstand the strain subjected to the points thereof, as hereinbefore referred to.

lin concluding our descriptionwe wish to call attention to the fact that when the drill and its associated parts are moved from the casing, movement of the casing stem into engagement with the follower gasket 23 will cause the collar 22 to act in the capacity of a shoe and for this reason this member should be of hardened material. rlhe gasket 110 23 insures a watertight fit between the lower end of the casing stem and the follower so that water from the outside of the drill stem cannot leak into the interior ofthe casing stem at this point and a water tight fit is 115 accomplished between the shoe and the well in a manner hereinafter described.

.ln the showing of the drawings, we have illustrated the cutting bit 66 in the nature of an ordinary fish-tail bit, the same, from its 120 inner end being provided with a passage 67 communicating with transverse passages moved from the bit and,l in lieu thereof, a diamond core barrel and .drill or any other means for core drilling may be attached to the bit so that a section of strata may be removed when the bit is removed from the stem, for analytical purposes.

By a construction and arrangement of parts as above described, it will be seen that both the lower boring member of the bit and the reamers, or upper cutting members of the bit, may be relieved of the *heavy weight of the casing; that the weight of the bit resting upon the cutting members when boring may be varied to suit the ,character of rock being bored; that the bit is free from. danger of injury by the casing stem by reason of the great mass of weight thereof; it being understood that the weight of the bit is sufficient at all times to cause the outward longitudinal movement of the reamers with respect to the drill stem or casing; that the bit, including the realners and lower boring member, turnsy with the casing or drill stem; that the reamers produce a larger hole than that of the cross sectional diameter of the drill stem; that the reamers, arranged substantially diametrically opposite each other are effectively reinforced and locked in their operative position; that the reamers are subjected to a direct longitudinal pull when the same are brought to-their inoperative position in the pockets; that the entire bit may be brought to the surface through the drill stem or casing for' resliarpening or replacing the cutting members, or for other purposes; that different strata may be readily removed for analytical purposes; that the construction provides for the free flow of water to both the reamers and the lower cutting member, and that a longitudinal movement of the stem 56 in an upward direction houses the reamers in the pockets and perm-its of the withdrawal of the entirebit for resharpening these cutting elements. The manner of withdrawing the bit will now be described. y

rlhe rod 56 has its outer end provided with a threaded boss 90 designed to receive the socket end of additional stems, or sinker bars, any desired number of which may be employed, ,and to the uppermost Astem or sinker bar? is threadedly secured thfsocket end .of a stem 70. This stem has secured thereon a flange or collar 71 which is contacted b v a spring 72 that surrounds the v said stem, the opposite end of the spring contacting with a movable collar 73. The movable collar 73 is provided with outstanding radially arranged pairs of ears 74, between each pair of which are pivotally arranged, as at 75, links 76. The links 76 have their outer ends widened andbifurcated as at 77, and passing through thc said bifurcated portions of the,` said linksare pivot members 78 which secure to the said links 76, additional links 79, the last mentioned links being pivotally connected, as at 80, to the inner or lower end of the stem 70. The pivots 78 provide journals for roller member 81, and these rollers, by the influence of the spring 72 upon thetoggle arrangement provided by the links'76 and 79, are brought to engage with the inner ,sur-` face of the stem or casing 15. Theupper or outer end of the pin is cone shaped or pointed as at4 82. The frictional engagement of the rollers 81 with the inner periphery of the drill stem or casing centers the stem 56 and likewise retains the mandrel and bit in proper position with respect to the slip joint provided by the tube 20 and the sleeve 16. When the ream ers are to be drawn into the pockets pro- .,vided therefor, to permit the removal of outer end of the .socket is preferablyv flared as at 86, so that the conical or pointed end 82 of the stem 70 may be properly directed into the bore of the socket. The clutch members 85 comprise two in number, being oppositely disposed, and being connected by the arms 87 to a U-shaped or hair-pin spring 88. On the top wall of the bore of the socket member is pivotally connected a catch 89 which, when engaging with the spring 85, will draw the said member upwardly in the bore'of the socket, causing the clutch members to travel upon the flared walls 84 in the bore, and, therefore out of contacting engagement with the pin 70. "When, however, the pointed end 82 of the pin contacts with the connecting mem` ber of the arms of the spring 88, the said spring will be brought out of engagement with the catch, the arms of the said spring bringing the clutch members 85, into engagement with the pin, and an upward movement of the member 83, through the drill stem or casing, will cause the clutch members 85 to travel over the flared or cam shaped surfacel 84 to force the said clutch members into tight engagement with the pin, permitting the withdrawal of the bit, including the reamfers and Ilower boring member. The bit may be replaced by reversing the operationabove described, that is, the clutch members may engage with the pin to lock the same to the socket member, and when the bit has reached its lowermost position, and the mandrel has reached its lowest point of travel, a further downward movement of the socket member 83 will cause the said socket to move over the pin which contacts with the rounded or connectfee -ers, and the outside of the rotar ing member for thearms of the U-shaped' or hair-pin spring 88, forcing the same i1pwardly untilthe spring is again engaged by the catch 89, when an upward pull upon the socket 83 will release the said socket from the pin.

One of the importa-nt features ofthe improvement is as heretofore stated, to providea means, whereby the drill stein will provide an effective closure for the opening to be bored by the bit 66 when the cap rock of an oil deposit or oil sand has been reached. When 'the cap rock is partly bored by the reamers, the reamers are retracted or moved into their pockets, and the entire bit, including the reamers and lower cutting member, is moved upwardly through the drill stem and removed from the well. The casing stem is permitted to gravitate by its own weight or is forced against the cap rock to surround the opening made by the lower boring member of the bit, the stein resting upon the shoulders cut by the reamers, it being understood that the bit has not yet reached the oil pocket.

The fishing tool is employed to withdraw the drill by actuating the mandrel, causing the reamers to be moved into their pocket, so that the entire drill is removed from the casing stem. The water pumped into and through the drill stem and bit during the drilling operations to wash away the cuttings and lubricate the stem, is now bailed out and the drilling tools of an ordinary standard or cable drilling rig is inserted through the rotary drill casing stem, which now serves vas the casing of the well. It will be noted that the standard rig is now drilling through a dry hole, and that the weight of the drill stem which is nowus'ed as a casing, is sufiicient to effectively close the opening between the shoulder out by the reamcasing stein, so that drainage of water rom upper stratum will not be permitted to enter the oil sand,'when the cap rock is penetrated.

We are aware that various attempts have been made to produce cutting elements in l oil well drilling apparatus which include reamers that are designed to be withdrawn for sharpening the same. 1n none of such constructions have the reamers been arranged or of a formation to permit of the direct longitudinal sliding thereof when the same are brought t0 inoperative position, and in none of the constructions isn there disclosed means whereby the drill stem will effectively close the outlet opening of the oil sand to prevent the entrance of water from around the casing stem into the oil sand. Furthermore, in none of the reamer con- 4 structions which have come under our -obstruction of no other rotary drill bit is any provision made or means provided whereby the downward pressure or weight upon the cutting members can be uniformly regulated by the driller, or whereby the said' bit and cutting elements are entirely free-from danger of undue strains by reason of the great weight of the entire drill stem being thrown upon the bit. We also have knowledge of inventions pertaining to adjustable and removable bits designed to perform the functions. of reamers, that is, produce an opening greater than the cross-sectional diameter of the drill stem or casing, but, as far as we have ascertained, each and every one of such devices are impracticable for the purpose devised. We believe from the foregoing description, when taken in connection with the drawings, the simplicity and advantages of our invention will be apparent to those skilled in this particular art, so that a more detailed description of the construction, or advantage thereof, will not be necessitated.

lVe wish to call attention to the fact that the tubular sleeve 16 in conjunction with the follower 20 may be used in connection with any form of rotary drilling bitnow in use for the purpose of permitting the driller to relieve the bit of the weight of the casing stem, and that means may easily be provided for adding weight to the bit independent of the weight of the' casing stem by placing additional sinker bars inside of the casing stem and resting on the top of the bit, or that an opposite result may be reached by removing sinker bars from the casing stein in order to decrease the downward pressure on the bit.

Having thus described the invention, what we claim isz- 1. In combination with a stem, a bit, means arranged between the bit and stein whereby the bit may be operated by the stem or detached therefrom from a point above the well, an under reamer associated with said means and means independent of the stem for varying the pressure of said bit.

2. 1n combination with a stem, a bit connected to the stem in a manner to have axial movement and means for changing the pres-f ipa means for projecting the reamers to an'o'perative position.

5. ln combination with a stem, a follower slidable therein, means detachably connected to the follower, a bit carried by the said means, reamers slidably mounted in the said means and constructed to have a locking engagement with the follower and means for mechanically moving the reamers to an operative or inoperative position from a point above the well.

6. In combinationwith a stem, a follower slidable therein, means detachably connected to the follower, a bit carried by the Said means, reamers slidably mounted in the said `means and constructed to `have a locking engagement with the follower, and means for mechanically moving the reamers to an operative or inoperative position from a point above the well, said means including the ordinary cable.

7 In combination with a stem, a follower slidable therein, means detachably connected to the follower, a bit carried by the said means, reamers slidably mounted in the said means and constructed to have a locking engagement with the follower, and means for mechanically moving the4 reamers to an operative or' inoperative position from a point above the well, said means including the ordinary cable, the connection between the iirst means and follower being such that the drill may be bodily removed vfrom the well by said means without disturbing the position of the said stem.

8. In 4combination with a stem, a follower slidable therein, means detachably connected to the follower, a bit carried by the said means, reamers, slidably mounted in the said means and constructed to have a locking engagement with the follower, and means having a cam action with the reamers for moving the same toward or away from an operative osition.

9. n combination with a stem, a follower slidable therein, means detachably connected to the follower,a bit carried by thesaid means, reamers slidably mounted in the said means and constructed to have a locking engagement with the follower, and amember having a pin and slot connection with the reamers for moving the same toward and away from an operative position.

10. In `combination with a stem, a follower slidable therein, means detachably connected to the follower, a bit carried by4 the said means, reamers slidably mounted in the said means and constructed to have a locking engagement with the follower and a member having a pin and slot connection with the reamers for moving the same toward and away from an operative position, said member having a limited slidable connection with said means. f

11. ln combination with a stem, a foilower slidable therein, means detachably4 and constructed to lock said ,reamers in an operative position.

12.111 combination with a stem, a follower slidable therein, means detachably connected to the follower a bit carried by v the saidl means, reamers slidably mounted in the .said means and constructed to have a locking engagement with the follower and means traveling atright angle to the travel Vof the reamers for projecting and locking the reamers in an operative position.

13. In combination with a stem, a follower slidable therein, means detachably connected to the follower, a bit carried by the said means, reamers slidably mounted in the said means and constructed to have a locking engagement with the follower and means'for projecting the reamers to an operative position Vand means traveling at right angle to the travel of the' reamers for projecting and locking the reamers 'in an operative position, said means being construcn ed to be connected to and operated byan ordinary cable and cable tools.

14. A rotary drill comprising in combination lwith a stem telescopic members connected to said stem, supporting means carried by the members, a bit, and reamers carried by the said means and designed when moved to one position to lock the bit to the stem.

l5. A rotary drill comprising in combination ,with a stem, telescopic members connected with the stem, interengaging means between said members, and. a bit connected t0 one of the members, a reaming device associated with said members and designed when moved to an operative position to lock the bit to said members.

16. A drill comprising in combination with a stem, telescopic members carried by the stem and having a fixed slidable connection with each other, supporting means carried by the members, reamers slidably associated with the said means and designed when moving outwardly of the said means to lock the said means to said members and a boring member carried by the said means at a point, below said reamers.

17. A drill comprising in combination with a stem, telescopic members at the lower end of said stem, interengaging elements between said telescopic members, longitudinally-movable means having a pocket opening from the sides thereof, means for limiting said longitudinally-movable means, reamers in said pocket, and means for im- @all massaal.

said body portions and a mandrel slidable rough tlieslidable means and opelating with the renmersto move the same outward et' the pocket to bringI the larcuate ends into engagement with the walls of tbe arcuate oressiong ot' the collar and the depressions erect' into engagement with the shoulders 'be collar when tbe reamers are moved in fm'oward direction through tbe slidable means..

ln a rotary well drill, a stem, laterally arranged longitudinally movable reamers adjacent the end of tbe stem, a removable boring tool below tbe reamers, means lor projecting or retractingtbe rea-mers, and means for locking; the rearners to the drill stem in their projected position and against accidental movement toward an inoperative position.

26. ln a rotary drill, a tubular stem, telescopic members connected to said stem, a bit in said members, reamers associated with said bit and designed when moved to one position to loclr the bit to the telescopic members, and a lower boring member earried bysaid bit. l

27. ln a rotary drill, a tubular stem, telescopic members connected with 'tbe stem, interengaging means between said members, a bit in said members, reamers associated witll said bit and designed, wl/ien moved to one position, to loclr tbe bit to tbe telescopic members and a lower boring member carried by the bit.

28. ln a rotary well drill, a tubular stem, telescopic members connected to tbe stem, interengaging ribs and depressions between said members, a bit in said members, reamers slidably associated witb. tbe bit and olesigned when moved outwardly off tbe bit to lock the bit to the telescopic members, and a lower boring member carried by tbe bit.

29. in a rotary well drill, a tubular stem, a sleeve secured to the outer end thereof, a tube slidable in said sleeve, annular flanges on said sleeve and said tube spacing tbe tube and sleeve, interengaging ribs and depressions between the sleeve and tube, a bit in the tube and longitudinally movable tberethrough, means for limiting suoli movement, reamers carried by tbe bit and designed when moved to an outward position to loclr the bit to the tube, and a lower boring member carried by the bit.

30. ln a .rotary well drill, a stem, telescopic members at one end of said stem, interengaging elements between said telescopic members, a bit longitudinally movable through tbe said telescopic members, means for limiting the said longitudinal movement of the Said bit, said bit liavingF a pocket opening from tbe opposite sides thereof, reamers in 1aid pocket, means for imparting' a longitudinal movement to said reamers to :torce the same outwardly of tbe pocket and,`

to locls'. tbe bit to tbe telescopio members, and a lower cutting member carried by said bit.,

8l. ln a rotary well drill, a 'tubular stem, telescopic members at tbe outer end et tbe stem, interengagins; elements between said members, means ior limiting the sliding movement out' tbe members in both directions, cushion means between tbe members when the same telescoped, a bit loosely arranged in tbe said members, supporting' means tor the bit in tbe said members and to limit tbe longitudinal movement or the bit, reamers carried by bit, means for :projecting tbe reamers outward ol tbe bit and to loclr tlie bit to one oi Atbe telescopic members, and a removable cuttings, member carried on tile lower end oi tbe bit.

32. ln a rotary well drill, a tubular stein, telescopio' members at the end et' said stem., interengaginr;n means between said members, means lor limiting; tbe movement of tlie members in both directions, cusliion means between tbe members, a bit loosely arranged in. said members, means lor limitingtbe longitudinal movement o the said members, said bnJ leaving; transverse pocket, reamers in tbe pocket, means for imparting a longitudinal movementto tbe rearners to Jrorce tbe same outward of tbe pocket to locletbe bit to tbe drill stem, or tor bringing tbe said reamers into tbe pocket, and a removable cutting or boring member in lower end el? tbe ln a rotary well drill, a stem, scenic members tbe lower end ot tbe s intererigraging;n means between said members, a bit slidably arranged in said members, means lor limiting? tbe movement oil tbe bit with respect to 'tbe said members, a collar on tlie inner telescopio member, said bit bam. ing a pocket partly closed by tbe collar,- reamers arranged inthe socket and laterally movable therethrough, interengaging means between the reamers and tbe collar for locking the bit to tbe collar and to tbe stem, means lor imparting suoli movement to the reamers, and a removable boring tool on the lower end of tbe bit.

3l. ln a rotary well drill, a tubular stero, telescopio members at the lower end ol tbe stem, interengaging means between said members, cushion means between said members, a bit loosely arranged in said mem bers, meansy for limiting tbe longitudinal movement ol tbe bit with respect to the said members, said bit having a transverse opening providing a pocket, reamers arranged in tbe pocket, means comprising a mandrel loosely associated with the reamers and designed, when operated, to move tbe reamers teletbe bit tlirengli ern, l

Ill

ila

outward of tbe pocket and to brine' tbe said reamers into tbe pocket, means between tbe said reamers and tbe inner telescopic member for locking tbe reamers to the said member, and tor conneeting tbe bit with tbe drill stem, and a removable yboring tool on the members, a bit loosely arranged in said memlll) bers, means for limiting` the longitudinal movement of the bit with respect to the said members, said bit having a 'transverse opening providing a pocket, reamers arranged in thepocket, means comprising a mandrel loosely associated with the reamers and designed, when operated, to move the reamers outward of the pocket, or to move `the said reamers inwardly into the pocket, anti-frictional centering means for the bit and reamers arranged in the stem, means between said reamers and the inner telescopic member for locking the reamers to the said member, and for connecting the bit with the drill stem, and a removable boring tool on the lower end ol the bit.

36. lin a rotary well drill, a tubular stem, abit earried by and slidable through the neeebei lower end of theJ stem, means for limiting the sliding movement of the bit, said bit having its lower-end reduced and being approximately centrally provided with a transverse pocket, and said pocket having its upper and 'lower walls centrally provided with openings, reamers in the pocket at the opposite sides oi the openings, lugs on the inner faces of the reamers, a mandrel slidable through the openings and having its opposite sides formed with straight grooves having angular lower branches designed to receive the lugs of the reamers, whereby, when the mandrel is permitted to gravitate in an outward direction to cause the reamers to be moved outwardly of the pocket, and when the mandrel is moved in an opposite direction to bring the reamers into the pocket, operating means for the mandrel, and a removable boring tool on the lower end of the bit.

ln testimony whereof we aflix our signaes. y

CLNTN R. BARR-Y. MARSHALL L. MCCLELLAND.