US1393654A - Automatic heating system - Google Patents

Description

N. B. WALES.

AUTOMATIC HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17. I921.

1,393, 54, I PatentedOct. 11, 1921.

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N. B. WALES.

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N. B. WALES. AUTOMATIC HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17. I921.

1393,654 a Patented 00. 11,1921,

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Specification 51 Lemma Patented Oct. 111, 192i.

Application m rbmar 1t,- 1921. Serial no. 44mm.

To all whom it may concern: c

Be it known that I, NATHANIEL BQWALns, a citizen of the United States resid nsg at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and tate of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Heating Systems, of which the following 18 a secification. V

invention relates to automatic house 'heatlng systems in which either gas or liquid h drocarbons are used as a fuel and in which either steam, watergor air may be used as the circulativeheating fluid. Among-the objects attained by my invention are-first complete automatlcity with safety; second, a very effic'ient transfer of the heat from the fuel burned to the radiative surface em-f Figure 1 is aside e ovation, partly inade in section of apparatus vention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal line 22. 'of Fig. 1;"

Fig. 3 is-a vertical sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; I Fig. 4; is a central longitudinal vertical sectional view of the nozzle and bellows control chamber; omittiiigihe liquid fuel resslfre air jet; Fig. 5 is an end view of the same loo from the right of Fig. 4:;

of Fig. 4.;

e dy g y sectional viewon the Fig. 6 is a top plan vlew Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail viewoi thev thermostatic pilot control device.

' descent mass of fire brick and at the same time to enhance the powers of heat absorption of the water containing surfaces to a very high degree within the structure of the heater. This 'is"-.;lar elybrought about by following the genera lines in the heater of a conventional thermos bottle with the interior packed with broken fire brick to deof combustion around and o ver the water containing surfaces.

Referring to the drawing, 1 is the water containingsh'ell having a central chamber 2' completely" closed at-its lower end and closely packed with broken silica or fire brick 3, in which fire brick are positioned vertical water tubes-4 connected into" the interior of.,the shell at points 5 and 6, points 5 be below the water level iir'the, water containing section of the shell and points 6 being above the waterlevel in the shell, the w ater level bemg shown by the conventional water gage 7. 8 is a blower of any well known construction shown operated by a small 'elec tric motor 9, the blower 8 discharging air under blast through nozzle '18, which is se cured to the shell at .11. 12 is a pressure control devicewhich stops the motor whenever the pressure in the shell, as shown by amount. sylphon bellows,- or other expansible means blower 8 through the connecting tube 15, which is located in the outer annular passage ,the steam gage 13, reaches a 'redetermined 14 1s a metallic be ows such as a subject to the .discharge pressure of the the latter being restricted at its inner end by the wedge-shaped sliding member 28,- so that a static pressure is created in said annular passage. The bellows 14 is arranged to lift the gas valvelfi 03 its seatwhenever the blower has attained the predetermined discharge pressure.- 17 is a given weight adapted'to positively seat'the ga Qvalve 16 until the correct pressure of theair scharge of the blower hasbeen reached. If the motor should accidentally stop or slow down below that speed which will give the necessary static pressure required for the proper? operation of the nozzle 18, the flow ofg'a's from the gas supply pipe 10 b h t at the valve 16, preventing this manner -jexplosions or other accidents. TlllS heater 1s built'on designs developed" arising from the nozzle v1 S, which properly" mixes the gas induced from the gas mam with the air "blast passi V therethrough. The same nozzle structure a so hi hl atoniizes the hydrocarbon fuels when liquid fuels are used. Still another feature attained by this nozzle is the secondar admission of" air to the gas or kerosene un er combustion through the annular orifice 27 This subdrvelop amaxnnum deflection of the products vision of the air supply under blast from 119 the blower materially redilces-the roar therefrom'whichois highly d'esirablefor domestic installations. The broken silica fire brick receives theburning jet of fuel from the nozzle 18 and becomes heated to incandescence' and the cbmbustion of the fuel is completed H therein.

In the nozzle 18, l9 is the central high 9 pressure air jet which, atomizes the liquid fuel supplied to .thenozzle by a constant level 0 amber 21, through. the connecting a pipe 2Q. The annular gas induction chamber 22, which is open to thebgas control bellows chamber 23 through part 23, has an annular opening 24'thi1 ough which air from the blower is discharged, and which travels at a high velocity as it, passes through the annular intermediate part 24 of the venturi portion, theefiect. of'which is to produc a.

suction or sub-atmospheric pressure at t e inouth' of the "port 23, thereby inducing gas from thechamber 23, into the nozzle 25 through the annular orifice 26. In order to reduce the characteristic roar of the combustion arising from the nozzle mouth 25,

- I supply the Ifecessary air to support thecombustlon in two zones, one through the orifice 26 and'the balance through the orifice 27 which'is made adjustable by the sliding,

member 28. The 'syl-phon bellows 14 isfin communication with the direct pressure? air jet" fromthe fan discharge flow duct '30 through the duct 14". and when the air-pres sure from the fanhas'attained a certain predetermined pressure the bellows distend and lift-the as vaive 16 off of its seat 32 by means 0- the central pin 33, which, is threaded and made adjustable by screwing into a threaded boss 16 depending from the 'ivalve' 1s. A weight 17 keeps the'valve 16 lfhil on its seat 32 and: delays the opening- 4'3\ ing backward intothe blower.

As previously stated, the air jet from the blower, operating. throughfthe medium of the s lphon bellows 14 to lift the main gas.

' supp y valve from its seat, forms aniautoopen-in the fuel matic safety check against dangerous Hood in with gas of the room in which-the heater is ocated, g

When, the nozzle'w18 is operated on kero- Sene, the fuel is lifted slightl by'induction in" the supply head above t 'e level*-'maintained in the usual manner by an inlet valve controlled by a float 20 in, the carbureter float chamber 21, which is connected tosu ply pipe 21, and incase the motor sto s, t e iquid fuel falls below the level of: t e jet v20 thereby preventing flooding of jMany dangerous explosions have occurred automatic as appliances due to the exo the gas pilot light, due either said valve 16' until the air jet velocity is 7' to tempora failure of the su l of as in the main difito aceidentaldrafhsi. To saiiieguardagains'tj this.=occurrence, I 'haye employed a-thermostat'ic metal bar 35, which. is so positioned that the flame from the gas pilot 37, or the kerosene fed pilot 38, impinges on said bar both when the pilot light is in a vertical position, which occurs during the period when the blower is at rest; and also when the flame is drawn into the orifice 54 which occurs when the blower is in operation. The thermostatic bar 35 iselectrically Linsulated so that the bar itself acts as a aswitch member in the relay lines 39 and 40 respectively, which lines are connhcted in parallel and connect with the gas and'kelo, sene thermostatic switch contacts 41 and 42, by means of thebranch conductors 39, 39 and 40, 40 respectively The relay lines 39 and 40 lead to the controlling magnet 43" of motor relay switch 43 shown diagrammatically 1 If, therefore the pilot light should beextinguished for-any reason "the thermostatic pilot switch 41 or 42 cools and by its contraction opens the-corresponding circuit '39 or 40, and in-case thejroom temperature control thermostat 44 should be closed, thuscalling fer theno eration of the system, the motor will stop, die to the 0 ening ofthe pilptflight thermostaticswitch until the pilot'lighthas been properly .atameam- To provide for an automatic check'on excessive steam pressures in the g'enerator'shell land atf the'same time to preventawaste'of rgas which would occur if the-ordinary safety {valve were used, in which casea continued burning of .gas would ensue during the blow-1 ing'oif ofjthesamal have devised the pres-- sure control device :12, which is arranged to- 1 o on up the circuit energizing the magnet o the main" relaymotor switch 43, by means of the small sylphon bellows 31, which breaks theswitch contacts 48. Inthas manner the entire apparatus is'automatically stopped, 1 Saving the gasconsumption during {such times when an excessive pressure occurs.

which can be'varied by adjustin' the screw 'cont act 49 b'y turning'the thumbh which are the ind-ices 50, gaged to represent "the. temperature range required in house heating. 'Whenever the; temperature of the house is above the predetermined temperature, the contact 49 remains open and the-12o 'motor relay-switch likewise remains in an open position, causing the entire system to stop. i

I have indicated at 7 0 a conventional electrio g sugr yinj r'the motor circuit and also the relafyf-circuih through a transformer 71.

Fig: 2, 52 1s a tube forming a visible opening through the shell 1 into the broken fire brick 3, to therebypermit inspection of 136 I The thermostat 44 has a singlecontact 49, i

ead 51, on

enerator asa source of-electric energy the condition of the fire brick. A mica sheetcoordinated safety checks are so operated as to prevent an accident fromone or any possible combination of mishaps. To start the system, assuming that the casing 1 has been filled to the proper level from the water supply pipe 45, as shown by indicator 7, the tem erature in the house must be below that deslred, the pilot light must be in proper operation, the motor must attain its normal speed tosafeguard against backfiring and the steam pressure in the generator must be normal, before the motor blower and gas valve will function. One of the features of this system is the external and visible position of the pilots 37 and'38. Whenever the blower is in operation the induction caused by the venturi effect of passage 26 draws in the pilot flame through one or theother port 54 in nozzle 18 and thereby li hts the gas or atomized kerosene. The pi ots are therefore easily visible and can receive attention. To protect them from drafts, mica chimneys may be placed above the pilots. The kerosene pilot may be formed of a roll of fine wire gauze.

The embodiment of my invention as shown may be naturally varied in its detail and arrangement of parts. Steam, water or air may be used as the heating medium. I have shown the steam supply pipe leading from'the top of the casing.

What 1 claim as new and essential in the operation of a safety automatic heater is embodied in the following claims I claim 1. In a heating systein of the t pe described, a heating appliance, a fuelurning nozzle connected thereto, a motor-actuated blower-having a continuously open discharge conduit connected to said nozzle, a source of gaseous fuel connected to said nozzle and a valve therefor, and means operating to open or close the gas supply valve in response to the static pressure in said nozzle, said valve being located exterior to said conduit.

2. .In a heating system of the type described, a heating appliance, a fuel burning nozzle connected thereto, a gas valve controlling the gas supply to said nozzle, a motor-actuated blower provided with a conduit connected to said nozzle and operating to supply air under pressure to mix with the gas to produce a combustible mixture, a pressure-responsive device in open communication with the discharge conduit from" the blower, said device operating to open the gas valve whenever the air pressure discharged from the blower has attained apre; determined static pressure in said conduit, a pilot light to ignite said mixture, a thermostatic pilot', switch exposed to the heat of the pilot light, and controlling the operation of said motor-actuated blower and operating to automatically shutoff the motor-actuated blower Whenever the flame of the pilot light is extinguished.

3. In a heating system as set forth in claim 2 and wherein the heating appliance comprises a water heating generator, a master controlling electric clrcuit controlling the gas supply valve through the medium of the motor-actuated blower, comprlsmg a thermostac switch located in the compartment heated by the system, a'pressure-operated switch subject to the pressure in the generator, said thermostatic pilot switch, said thermostatic compartment switch and said pressure operated switch being connected in series relation in said controlling circuit,

"whereby said motor-actuatedblower is under the control of each of said switches.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

NATHANIEL B. WALES.

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