US1393443A - Electric signaling system - Google Patents

Description

R. J. HEWETT.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1917- Patented 001k. H, 1921b 2 SHEETS-S ET 1.

R. J. HEWETT.

. ELECTRICSIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1917- Patented Oct. 11, 192L- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' between passing \sidings, although the in-" ROBERT J. HEWETI, 0F WESTFIELD, JERSEY.

T 0 all whom it may concern: i

Be it known that L-Ronnnr J. .I-Inwnrr, a

citizen of. the United States, and a resident of Westfield, county of Union, a-ndState of New Jersey, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Electric Signaling Systems, ofwhich the fOllOWlIlglS ,a specification, reference beinghad. to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. H e l Th s invention relates to an 1mproved signaling system especially adapted for use in connection with single track railway lines over which traffic proceeds inboth directions. Its most important present utility is in connection with stretches of single track vention is not limited to this particular use. In the accompanymg drawings forming part of H118. specificat on, the circuits and 1 connections of a complete absolute-permissive system between passing sidings of a slngletrack are shown in diagram, Figure 1 and Fig. 2 each showing one-half of the entire arrangement.

Figs. 1 and 2 takentogetlier show a complete absolute-permissive block signal system extending from eastbound; absolute signal 10 at passing, station Won tl' e left of Fig. 1 to west-bound absolute signal 15 at passing station X on the right of Fig. 2.

It includeseast-bound signals 10, 12 and 14 for controlling east-bound'train movements;

and also west-bound signals 15, 13 and 11 for. controllingwest-bound train movements.

v il'est bound signal 9 at passing station W controls west-bound train j'movements intopassing station W and east-bound signal 16 at passing station X controls east- The track is divided into a suitable number; of track zones, TFjt-o T inclusive,iprop- V crly insulatedfrom one another. lilach of thesezones is provided with track batteries, indicated at'lB to TB inclusive in they drawings. -(For clearness, the track batterms for the. end sections are omitted.) r

' ,The control circuits are of the polarized typein which a neutral-polar linerelaycontrols the two movements of the; signal arm;

. as, the 45 and the 90 movements. Allof these line relays, except L, for thefstretch ing at theirrpolest ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patantd Ill, I921.

Application filed April 14, 1917. Serial No. 161,948.

shown--L and If for the signals governing the entrance to the passing stations are signal armindicate's stop, the-45 position indicates proceed at caution and the 90 position indicates proceed at. speed. The last two positions, therefore, indicate proceed.

All the east-bound control circuits are nunlbered and only part of the west-bound similar referencenumerals being employed for similar circuits assoeiated with the several signals. East bound absolute signal 10 is controlled by east-bound neutral-polar line relay L, the circuit is as follows: from line relay L wire 20, contact 21 of track relay R line wire 22, contact 23 of track relay R wire 24, contact 25 of east-bound .polar selector relay S wire 26, wire 27,

positivepolechanger P, wire 28, wire 29,

..wire 30, battery M13 wire 31, wire 32,

negative pole changer N and the common wire C back to east-bound line relay L Pole changers P and N of signal 12 move together and are operated by the motor operating mechanism of signal 12. The

other pole changers P and N operate in a similar manner with respect to their signals.

When signal 12 isin its 45 or itsposition the pole changers P and N will be in the position shown and a current of normal direction .will liow from battery MB,

through the circuit just traced, and control polarity and will hold closed its polar contact 52, :and will also hold closed its neutral contacts 48 and 41. Neutral contact 48 controls the 45 motor mechanism through the local circuit as follows: from positive terminal of battery M13 wire 30, wire 29, wire 47, contact 48, wire 49 to the 45 motor mechanism of signal 10, wire 50, wire 32, wire- 31, to the negative terminal of battery MBW. This motor circuit moves the signallO from its zero or stop position to lbs 45. position. Contact 48 and polar contact 53 control the 90 motor circuit which is as follows: from the positive terminal of battery M13 wire 30, wire 29, wire 47, contact 48, wire 51,,pola1' contact 52, wire 53, contact 54, and wire 55 to the 90 ,motor mechanism of signal 10, wire 50, wire 32,

and wire 31 to the negative terminal of battery MB This 90 motor mechanism moves the signal from 45 to'the 90 position. l/Vhen signal 12 is in its zero or stop position its pole changers P and N will be reversed, that is, thrown to the left, and this reverses the polarity of battery MB with respect tothe line and a current of reverse direction will flow from battery MB through '-the line wire 22 and control relay I control by means oftwo separate control wires, home and distant, may be used although the former is preferred. The neutral polar control relays L and L are ener ized, respectively, from batteries MB and' MB by similar circuits indicated by similar reference numerals. 'In tracing the foregoing line control circuit of relay L it will be noted that it goes through a contact 25 ofeast-bound polar selector relay S. This polar selector relay S is one of the new and important features of the invention and will now be explained.

Eastbound-polar selector relay S is normally energized and is included in a normally closed local circuit controlled by con- 35 tact 41 of east-bound line relay L and also by a pair of pole changing contacts 37 and 43 of track relay R. The normal circuit is as follows: from positive terminal of battery MB, wire 30, wire 36, front contact 37, wire 38, wire 39, east-bound polar selector relay S wire 40, contact 41 of eastbound line relay L wire 42, front contact 43, wire 44, and wire 31 to the negative terminal of battery MB. This normal current will energize east-bound polar selector relay S with a normal polarity and its polar contact 34 will be held to the left or open position as shown. vVhen track relay R is deenergized its front contacts 37 and 43 will be open and its back contacts 45 and 46cwill be closed and this will reverse the polarity of battery MB with respect to the east-bound polar selector relay 8 as follows: from the positive terminal of battery MB, wire 30, wire 36, back contact 45, wire 42, contact 41, wire 40, polar selector relay S wire 39, back contact 46, wire 44, wire 31, to the negative terminal of battery MB.

This reverse current will reverse the polarity of polar selector relay S and it will throw its polar contact 34' to the right or closed position.

At east-bound signal 14 the polar selector relay S is shown as controlled by similar pole changing contacts 37, 43, 45 and 46, and

also the circuit controller K on the signal instead of the contact 41 on the line relay L. Its circuit is as follows: from positive terminal of battery Ml wire 30, wire 36, front contact 37, wire 38, wire 39, polar selector rela S wire 40, contact segment I and arm K operated by signal 14, wire 42, front contact 43, wire 44, wire 31, to the negative terminal of battery MB. Circuit controller K follows the movement of the semaphore arm and is closed when the arm moves from the 45 to 90 position and from 90 down to the 45 position, but will be open when the arm is below the 45 position. Circuit controller K has the same control on polar selector relay 8 as contact 41 of the line relay L would have, and is shown merely to indicate an alternative way for controlling the polar selector relay.

The line control circuit for neutral-polar line relay L is as follows: from relay L, w1re 20, contact 21 of track relay RF, line w1re 22, contact 23, w1re 24, positive pole changer P, wire 28, wire 29, battery MB,

wire 32, negative pole changer N and the common wire back to line relay L circuit is similar to the circuits for relays L and L but it has no selective control at signal 16. This is due to the fact that it is the last circuit in the east-bound absolute control series. The polar selector relays, such as S and S and their circuits therefor are omit-ted in connection with line relay L. At signal 10 the polar selector relay S is energized from battery MB through circuit connections similar to those for relays S and S and are indicated by similar reference numerals.

The operations of the east-bound absolute control circuits when actuated by a westbound train, may now be explained. A westbound train at passing station X, on entering track section T will deenergize track relay R and its contact 23 will open the east-bound line control circuit of line relay L and deenergize this relay which, by opening its contact 48, will put signal 14 to (langer and this, by opening its circuit controller K, will open the local selector circuit and deenergize polar selector relay S and its neutral contact 25 will open the next eastbound control circuit to the west and deenergize line relay L which by opening its contact 48 will put signal 12 to danger. Relay L, by opening its contact 41, will dc energize polar selector relay S and i s neutral contact 25 will open the next east-boun d control circuit to the west and deenergize line relay L and put absolute signal 10 to danger. The entry of the west-bound train into track section T therefore, by this repeating arrangement of the line relays and polar selector relays, will put all east-bound signals to danger and the stop position of east-bound absolute signal 10 will hold the This route for the west-bound train. It will be noted that the neutral contacts 25 of the polar selector relays are active in this repeatin action. The polar contacts 34 remain in their normal or open position during such repeatingaction, and are only closed during east-boundtrain movements, as will a be explained farther on.

From the foregoing it will be seen that absolute signal 10 is thefirst of the series of east-bound absolute controlled signals. This absolute control is due to the repeating arrangements of the several line relays and the local polar selector relays as previously explained," to-wit, line relay L and local polar selector relay S at signal 12 and line relay L and local polar selector relay S at signal 14. Signal 14 is the lastofthe east-bound series. y y

The principle involved in the absolute control may be stated more briefly by saying that each line control circuit repeats back to thenext line control circuit in the rear, these circuits being thus relayed together from east to West. 7

At east-bound absolute signal 10, it will be noted that the polar selector relay S does not control any line circuit by its neutral contact 54. The reason for this is that the absolute control ends at signal 10. Control relay L by its contact 41 controls the polar selector relay S as usual, but the neutral contact 54 of polar selector relay S does'not control the east-bound signal8 in the rearnot shown. Instead of this it con trols the 90 motor mechanism of signal 10, being included in the circuit with wire 53, contact 52 of relay L as will be understood.

The east-bound signal to the west of sig ml 10 is signal 8-not shown-located at the west end of passing station W, and corresponds to signal 16 at the west end of passing station X in Fig. 2. The control circuitfor east-bound signal 8 is only partly shown, and beginning with the line wire is as follows: from line wire 22, contact 23 of track relay R wire 24, contact 25 of track relay R wire 26', wire 27, positive pole for east-bound signal 8. then changer P, wire 28, wire 29, tive terminal of battery M13 32, negative pole changer N mon wire C back to the line wire 80, posiwire 31, wire and the comcontrol relay through contact 21 or" track relay R not shown-and to line Wire 22. The latter part of this circuit is the same as the similar part of the circuit for line'relay L shown inFig. 2. A westbound train in track section T Wlll deenerglze'track relay R and its contact 25 will open the control clrcuit for signal 8 and puts it at danger. Contact 25 of trackrelay R therefore, gives sigan overlap control into track section T. This is advantageous because 1t gives safe protection this signal to 45 position.

is not affected to two opposing trains entering passing station W. An east-bound train in track section T will put signal 8 to 45 position, as will appear from the following explanations. The full performance of the circuits will now be explained, assuming that everything is normal, by considering the movement of two following east-bound trains entering into the block through passing station W.

As the first train enters track section T .-not shown-it deenergizes track relay R -not shownand by opening its contact 21, not shown puts signal 8 to danger behind the train, in the same way as an eastbound train entering track section T would operate on relay R and signal 16. As this first train enters track section T it de'e'nergizes its track relay R and by opening its contact 23 continues signal 8 at danger.

- When the train enters track section T track relay R will be deenergized. This causes contacts 45 and 46 to close and reverse the polarity of current from battery M13 through polar selector relay S It also opens at contact 21 the circuit through line relay L Belay L is of the slow release type, as has heretofore been explained, so that before it drops its contacts 48 and 41. the

reverse current through relay S has closed its polar contact 34. When nowrelay L drops its contacts 48 and 41, signal 10 moves to stop position thereby shifting the position of pole changers P and N and the circuit through polar relay S is broken at contact 41. As soon as pole changers P and N reverse their position, a current of reverse polarity flows from battery M13 through the "line circuit of linerelay L This circuit is as follows: from positive terminal of battery M13 through wires and 29, positive pole changer P, common wire C, line' relay L contact 21 of track relay R wire 22, contact 23 of track relay R wires 24 and 38, polar contact 34, now closed, wires and 27, negative pole changer N, wire 32 to negative pole of battery M13 This reverse current energizes line relay L with a current of reverse polarity and thereby closes neutral contact 48 of relay L and opens its polar contact 52. This closes the local circuit from battery MB through the motor mechanism of signal 8 and puts The following east-bound train. is then permittedto enter the passing station WV at signal 8. The polar contact 34 oi selector relay S remains closed after said relay is deenergized because ofthe biased permanent magnetic condition due to its structure. Such polar con- -tact,lil:ethe polar contacts oithe other polar relays shown in thedrawings, always remains in the position to which it has been thrown by its last controlling current and by a discontinuance of said current. a a

When the first east-bound train clears out of track section T and enters track section T track relay R will be energized and its contacts and 21 and its .pole changing contacts 37 and 43 will be closed; but the deenergized condition of control relay L due to the break in its circuit at contact 23 of track relay R (which has now been deenergized) and 'the open condition of its neutral contact 41 will still hold open the local circuit for polar selector relay 5 and its polar contact 34 will remain closed.

As the first east-bound train enters track section T and clears out of track section T track relay R will be deiinergized. This breaks at contact 21 the circuit of line relay 7 L It also closes pole changing contacts 45 and 46 thereby reversing the local current from battery lVlB through relay S and closing polar contact 34. The slow release of relay L permits this action ofpolarrelay S to take place before contact 41 opens. Thereafter, relay L opens its contacts 48 and 41. The break at contact 48 puts signal 12 to stop position behind the train and reverses pole changers P and N. The break at contact 41 opens the circuit through polar relay S The reversal ofpole' changers P and I N of signal 12 throws a current of reverse 41 and opens its polar contact 52. The closing of contact 41 energizes polar relay S and closes contact 54 and opens polar contact 34. The closing of neutral contact 48 and the opening of polar contact 52 closes the circuit through the 45 motor mechanism of signal 10 whereupon this signal moves to its 45 position. This also moves pole changers P and N of signal 10 back to normal position whereupon current in normal direction from battery MB is thrown upon the line circuit of line relay L -This closes polar contact 52 of relay L thereby closing the 90 motor circuit of signal'S whereupon this signal moves to its 90 position. When the train enters track section T it breaks at contact 23 of track relay R the line circuit of line relay L previously broken at contact 21 of track relay R and continues signals 10 and 12 in the same positions last described. When the train enters track section T and clears out of track section T signal 14 moves to stop position and its pole changers P and N are reversed. This reverses the current through line relay L and moves signal 12 to 45 position and restores its pole changers P and N to normal. Current of normal polarity thereupon flows from battery M13 through line relay L thereby closing polar contact 52 and moving signal 10 to 90 position. The circuits and connections for signal 10, as well as this signal, are now all restored to normal condition. The action of the train when entering track section T upon the circuits and connections whereby signal 14 is put to stop position and signal 12 to 45 position will be understood from what has heretofore been stated, being similar to the action produced by the entry of the train in track section T There is, however, a slight difference in the arrangement for controlling polar relay S Polar relays S and S are controlled by contact 41 of their respective line relays L and L. In the case of polar relay S instead of controlling this relay by contact 41, it is controlled by all circuit controller K which moves with the signal blade of signal 14. The operation of circuit controller K has heretofore been explained and the circuit which it controls has heretofore been traced.

\Vhen the train enters track section T it breaks at contact 23 of track relay R the line circuit of control relay L and continues signals 14 and 12 in the same positions already described. When the train clears out of track section T and enters track section T it breaks at contact 21 of track relay R the line circuit of control relay L thereby putting signal 16 to stop behind the train, as will be understood. hen signal 16 has gone to stop position, its pole changers P and N will be reversed, thereby putting a current of reverse polarity from battery MB on the line circuit of line relay L This closes the neutral contact 48 of line relay L and opens its polar contact 52 thereby moving signal 14 to 45 position. Pole changers P and N of signal 14 are thus restored to normal position so that a. normal current is put on the line circuit of line relay L thereby closing polar contact 52 of relay L and moving signal 12 to 90 position.

Westbound signals 15, 13, 11 and 9 are provided with circuits similar to those heretofore described with respect to the eastbound signals and operate in the same way. The circuits for signals 13 and 11 have the same reference numerals as have the corresponding circuits of the cast-bound signals. The operation of the west-bound signals and their circuits will be readily understood from the explanations heretofore made and need not be specifically described.

It will. be noted that when an east-bound train is in. track sections T or T that signal-10 moves from stop indication to 45 position, whereas, when a west-bound train 00- :that iny'certain absolute-permissive signal systems, as heretofore deslgned, the SBlGClZlVG cupiestracksections T or Tifis-ighal is caused to indicate stop. Signal 10 is caused to indicate stop, of course, when a westbound trainenterstrack section T and um til suchjtrain haspassedwest of signal 10. East and, west-bound trains have a similar action upon signals 12 and 14:. Likewise, west-bound and east-bound trains have a similar action upon the west-bound signals. The action whereby an east-bound train, for example, in a track zone such as T and T 3, east of; signal 10, is prevented from causing signal, 10 to, indicatepstop, is due to the action of the polar contact 34 at signal 12 which closes the linecircuit of line relay L when the-eastbound train enters such track zone'T and T a. It will'also be noted that an east-bound train deenergizes the line relays L L and U of the west-bound signals,- the circuits of these relays being relayed together from west to east. Furthermore, it will be noted thatalthough the east-bound train reverses thepolarity of the'polar selector relays of the? east-bound signals, such as relay S and .closes its polar contact 34, nevertheless the eastbound train does not reverse the polarity of the polarrelays of the west-bound signals,lsuchas relay S nor close its polar contact 34. For example, when the eastbound train is in track section T and deenergizes track relay R it closes the polar contacts125 and 26 ofpolar relay S, but

- this relay had been previously deenergized by; the opening of its contact 41 when the circuit of line relay L was opened by the train at contact 23 of track relay R and this was c'ontinued'by the opening of contact 21 at track relay R train clears out of track section T1 relay It closes its pole changing contacts 37 and 43 and also closes at its contact 21 the circuit of relay L Thiscloses contact 4:1 of relay; L and normal current flows through relay S from battery M13 and, polar con tact 34 of relay S remains in its normal open position. All the polar contacts 34: :have a} corresponding operation.

, Among the advantages of the invention, as described in the foregoing, it may be noted or directional control is "effected by picking up a normally denergized selector relay.

There is nothing in such arrangement that will give. a continuous indicationas to the iworking condition of said selector relay. \The inormally energized polarized selector relay, as involved in this invention, always controls either the absolute controlcircuitor a motor 0113011113 so that, lncase the local circuit for the polarized selector relay ,-,should fail and leave it deenergized, the ab- 7. solute or repeating control circuit will be Heft cre ate the e ang men l b When I this east-bound readily apparent by the danger zpositionlof the signals involved in the selective control. At signal 10 the failure of the polar selector relay S will, by the open condition of its neutral contact 54, open the motor circuit and preventsignal 10 from clearingwto its90 position. i i

While the invention has been described andillustrated'in the drawings in what is believed to be the best general arrangement for .a complete absolute-permissive system between passing stations, various changes may be made therein without departingfrom the scope of the invention. Furthermore, various features of the invention may-be appliedto other situations. l

While this invention is shown in connection with signals standing normally at 90 or safety position, such signals having the well known movable semaphore blade, it will be understood that the invention may be used in connectionwith other types of signals and which may normally give other in.

.dications than that of! safety. or example, the system is well adapted for use in connection. with light signals. WhatIclaimis: 1. In a signaling-system, a stretch of track; an east-bound, signal; means for causing J said signal to indicate stop, controlled by 'anyeast-bound train while said train-occupies the stretch extendingeastward rromthesignal up. to a certain point; and meansfor causing said signal to indicate stop controlled by a west-bound train while said "relay-adapted to close the control circuit. by

the action of said east-bound train when it has reached acertain point east of saidsignal and adapted to open the control circuit by the action of said west-bound train when 'ithas reacheda point farther east of said signal. f i

2. In a signaling system, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal means for causing said signalto indicate stop. controlled by an eastbound train while said train occupies the stretch extending eastward from the signal up toa certain point; andmeans for causing said signal to indicatestop controlled by a westbound, train while said train occupies thestretch eastward of the,

signalup to another point, said means inclosed neutralcontact and a normally open ipolar contact in a branch around't-heneu- .tral contact, anda magnet governing said contacts, said magnet adapted to closethe polar contact by the action of said eastbound train when ithas: reached a certain point east of said signal and adapted-to 'open the neutral contact, by the action of said West-bo'und'tr'ain when it has reached a point farther east of said signal.

3. In a signaling system, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; track relays connected with the rails of said stretch and a source of'current-foreach relay; means controlled by a track relay for causing said signal to indicate stop when operated by an east-bound train While said train occupies the stretch extending eastward from the signal-up .to a certain point; and means controlled by a track relay for causing said signal to indicate stop when operated by a west-bound train while said train occupies the stretcheastward of the signal up to another point, said last mentioned means including a control circuit and a polar relay governing said control circuit, said polar relay adapted to close the control circuit by the action of said east-bound train when it has reaeheda certain point eastof said signal and adapted to open the control circuit by the action of said west-bound train when it has reached a point farther east of said ii g v. V x

4. In a signaling system, the combination ofastretch'of track; a signal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to'causethe signal to give one indication and when open to give another indication; a normally-energized relay having neutral and polar contacts in said circuit;

means operable by an east-bound train when it has reached a certain point in said stretch for closing said circuit at one of said contacts; and means operable by 'a west-bound train when it has reached a point farther east in said stretch for opening saidcircuit at the other of said contacts.

5.- In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch oftrack; a signal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to cause the signal to give one indication. and when open 'to giveanother indication; a normally-energized relay having neutral andpolar contacts in said circuit; means operable by an east-bound train when it has reached a certain point in said stretch for closingsaid circuit at the polar contact; and means operable" by a west-bound train when it hasreached a point farther eastin said tral contact; 7 V

6. In a'signaling system,theo CO1I1b111Rti-:"- of a stretch of track; a signal; acontrol c rstretch for opening said circuit'at the neucuit for said signal arranged when closed to cause the signal to give one indication and when open to glve another lndic'atlon; a noranally-energized relay having neutral and polar contacts in said circuit; means operable by an east-bound train when 1t has reached a certain point in said stretch "for closing sald c1rcu1t at the polar contact;

means operable by a westbound train when it has reached a point farther east in said has reached a certain point in said stretch for closing said circuit at one of said contacts; and means operable by a west-bound train when it has reached a point farther east in said stretch for opening said circuit at the other of said contacts, both of said means including a normally energized magnet operating directly upon said neutral and polar contacts 8. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged when open to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to give another indication; means operable by an east-bound train in the west track zone for opening said control circuit; and means including a normally-energized neutral polar relay controlling said circuit operable by the east-bound train when it has reached a point intermediate the stretch for closing said circuit and operable by a west-bound train in said east track zone for opening said circuit.

9. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged when open to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to give another indication; means operable by an east-bound train in the west track zone for opening said control circuit; means control.- ling said circuit operable by the east-bound train when it has reached a point intermediate the stretch for closing said circuit; and means operable by a west-bound train in said east track zone for opening said circuit, said last two means including a normally-energized neutral polar relay controlling said circuit.

10. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged when open to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to give another indication; a normally-energized relay having neutral and polar contacts in said circuit; means operable by an eastbound train in the west track zone for opensaid circuit; means operable by the eastbound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate the, stretch, for closing said circuit at its polar contact; and means operable by a'west-bound trainilrthe east track zone for-opening said circuit at its neutral contact. a i

11. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged when open to causethe signal to give one indication and whenclosed to give another indication; a normally-energized relay having neutral .and polar contacts in said circuit, the polar contact, being in a branch around the formerfcontact; means operable by an east-bound train in the-west track zone for opening saidcircuit; means operable by theeast-bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch for closing said circuit at itspolar contact; and means operable by a westbound train in the east track zone for opening said circuit at its neutral contact, said last two means including amagnet governing said neutral and polar contacts.

12. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged when open to cause the signal to giveone' indication and when closed to give another indication; -a normally-energized relay having neutral and polar contacts in said circuit; a track relay operable by an east bound train in theeast track zone for opening said circuit; a track relay operable by the east bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch for closing' 'said circuitat itsl polar contact; and means operable by a west-bound train in the east track zone for opening said circuit at it'sneutral contact. i a

13. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch oftrack; a signal; a control circuit forsaid signal arranged when closed to cause the signal to give one indication and when open to give anotherindication; a normally-energized relay having neutral and polar contacts insaid circuit; a track relay operable by an east-bound train whenit has "reached a'certain point in said stretch for closing said circuit at one of said contacts;

and a track relay operableby a west bound 7 train when it has reached a point farther east insaid stretch for opening said circuit at the other of said contacts.

14; In a signaling system, a stretch of traclrcompl isilig adjoiningeast and west track zones; a signal; track relays and sourcesof current for the track zones; two control circuits for the said signal controlled by said track relays andrelayed together from east to west so that when a track relay of theeast track zo ne'is deenergized by a west-boundjtrain both control circuits are opened to cause thesignal to indicatestop; a normally-energized relay having ia polar contact" in the west control circuit; and 5 means operable by an east-bound train"when part of the a control circuit and a it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch for operating said polar contact 7 and thereby preventing said train when in the east track zonefroin causing the signal to indicate stop. 7

15. In a signaling system, a stretch of track comprisingadjoining east and west track zones; a signal; track relays and sources of current for the track zones; two control circuits for the said signalcontrolled by said track relays and relayed together from east to west so that when a track relay of the east track zone is deenergized by a west-bound trainboth control circuits are opened to cause the signal to indicate stop; a nor1nally-energized relay having a neutral contact inxthe west control circuit through which the control circuits are relayed and a polar contact in the west control circuit in a branch around said neutral contact; and means operable by an east bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch for operating said polar contact and thereby preventing said train when in the east track zone from causing the signal to indicate stop.

16. In a signaling syste1n,a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; meansfor causing said signal to indicate stop controlled by an east-bound train while said train occupiesthe stretch extending eastwardi'rorn the signal up to a certain point; means for causing said signal to indicate stop controlled by a west-bound train while said train occupies the stretch eastward of the signal up to another point, said means including a control circuit and polar relay governing. said control circuit, said polar relay adapted to close the control circuit by the action of said east-bound train when it has reached a certain point east of said signal and adapted to open the control circuit by the action of said west-bound train when it has reached a point farther east of said signal; and a west-bound signal arranged to indicatestop by the action ofthe east-bound train in any stretch west of the west-bound signal.

17. In a signaling system, a stretch of track; an eastbound signal; track relays connected withthe rails of said stretch and source of current for each relay; means controlled bya track relay H signal to indicate stop when operated by an for causing said bound train' while said train occupies the stretch eastward of the signal up to another point, said last mentioned means including polar relay govern ing said control circuit, said polar relay adapted to close the control circuit by the action of said east-bound train when it has reached a certain point east of said signal andadapted to open the control circuit by the action of said west-bound train when it has reached a point farther eastot said signal; and a west-bound signal arranged to indicate stop when any of said track relays west of the west-bound signal is operated by an east-bound train.

l8. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to cause the signal to give one indication and when open to give another .indication; a normally-energized relay having neutral and polar contacts in said circuit; means operable by an eastbound train when it has reached a certain point in said stretch forclosing said circuit at one of said contacts; means operable by a west-bound train when it has reached a point farther east insaid stretch for opening said circuit at the other of said contacts; and a west-bound signal arranged to indicate stop by the action ofan east-bound train in anv part of the stretch west of the west-bound signal.

19. Incombination, a stretch of track in cluding two adjoining east and west track zones; an east-bound signal; a control circuit therefor arranged when open to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to give another indication; means operable by an east-bound train in the ,west track zone for opening said control circuit; means including a normally-energized neutral polar relay controlling said circuit operable by the east-bound train when it has reached a point intermediate the stretch for closing said circuit; and operable by a westbound train in said east track zone for opening said circuit; and a' west-bound signal arranged to indicate stop by the action of an east-bound train in any part of the stretch west of the west-bound signal.

20. In a signaling system, a stretch of track comprising adjoining east and west track zones; an east-bound signal; track relays and sources of current for; the track zones; two control circuits for the said signal controlled by said track relays and relayed together from east to west so that when a track relay of the east track zone is deenergized by a west-bound train both control circuits are opened to cause the signal to indicate stop ;,a normally-energized relay having a polar contact in the west control circuit; means operable by an eastbound train when it has reached a certain ,point intermediate the stretch for operating said polar contact and thereby preventing said train when in the east track zone from causing the signal to indicate stop; a westbound signal; and east and west control circuits for the west-bound signal controlled by a train in either track zone and relayed together so that when an east-bound train is in the west track zone both of said control circuits for the west-bound signal will be opened to cause the west-bound signal to indicate stop.

21. In a signaling system, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; track relays connected with the rails of said stretch and a source of current for each relay; means controlled by a track relay for causing said signal to indicate stop when operated by an east-bound train while said train occupies the stretch extending eastward from the signal up to a certain point; means controlled by a track relay for causing said signal to indicate stop when operated by a westbound train while said train occupies the stretch eastward of the signal up to another point, said last mentioned means including a control circuit and a polar relay governing said control circuit, said polar relay adapted to close the control circuit by the action of said east-bound train ,when it has reached a certain point east of said signal and adapted to open the control circuit by the action of said west-bound train when it has reached a point farther east of said signal; a west-bound signal arranged to indi' cate stop when any of said track relays west of the west-bound signal is operated by an east-bound train; and means operable by a west-bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch to cause the west-bound signal to indicate proceed.

22. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to cause the signal to give one indication and when open to give another indication; a normally-energized rclay having neutral and polar contacts in said circuit; means operable by an east-bound train when it has reached a certain point in said stretch for closing said circuit at one of said contacts; means operable by a westbound train when it has reached a point farther east in said stretch for opening said circuit at the other of said. contacts; a westbound signal; and east and west control circuits for the west-bound signal controlled by a train in either track zone and relayed together so that when an east-bound train is in the west track zone both of said control circuits for the west-bound signal will be opened to cause the west-bound signal to indicate stop.

23. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east and west track zones; an east-bound signal; a control circuit therefor arranged when open to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to give another indication; means operable by an east-bound train in the west track zone for opening said control circuit;

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reached certain point "intermediate the stretchto'cause the west-bound signal to in dicate proceed;

track zones;an east-bound signal; track relays and sources of current for the track zones; two controlcircuits forthe said'signal controlled by said track relays and relayed together fromeast to west so that when a track relay of the east track Zone is .deenergizedby a west-bound trainboth con having-a polar contact "inthe west control circuit ;1 means "operable byan east bound train when it has reached a certainpomt in termediate the stretch for 'op-eratlng said train when in the east track zone from causpolar contactand thereby preventing said ing the" signal to indicate stop a'west-b0und signal; east and west-control circuits for the west-boundf signal controlled by a train in either trac'lrgzone andreIayedQtOgether so i that when all east-bound'tra'inflis in the west track "zone both of said controlfcircuits; for the westbound-signal will be 'opened to cause the west bound signal mundane stop; and

means operable fbyfia west bound train when i ithas reached l a certain point intermediate the stretch tdjcan e the westbound signal to indicate proceed.

part of the stretch for controlling the cone trol circuit; a normally-energized polar re;

lay; and {means controlled by eastbound 1 train when it hasreached a certain point in from' causingvthesignal to indioate stop.

means operable by a west bound trainjn any part, of Qthe stretch for opening the control circuit andfthereby causing thesignalto dicate stop; a normally-energizedpolar re lay; and means controlled-by" an east boun'd train when it has reached certainpoint in the stretchffor operatlngfthe polar relay in andclosingthe control circuit and therebypreventing said train when ithas' reached a 24:. In a signaling system, a? stretch of track comprising adj oining eastQ and west means controlled by awest-bound train certain pointin the stretch from causing the signal to indicate stop.

27. In combination, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; a control circuit for the si nal; means operable by a westbound train in any part of the stretch for controlling the control circuit; a normally energized polar relay; means controlled by an eastbound train when it has reached a certain point in the stretch for operating the polar relay and thereby preventing said train When it has reached a certain point in the stretchfrom affecting the signal; a westbound signal; and means operable by an east-bound train when in the stretch west of said west-bound signal for causing it to indicate stop, i

28. In combination, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; a control circuit for the signal; means operable by a west-bound train in any part of the stretch for opening the control circuit and thereby causing the signal to indica'tefstop; a normally-enertrol circuits are opened to cause the signal toindicateistop; a normally-energ1zed relay gized polar relay; means controlled by an east-boundtrain when it has reached a certain point in the stretch foroperating the polarrelay and closing the control circuit andthereby preventing said train when it has reached a certain point in the stretch from causing the signal to indicate stop; a

west-bound signal; and means operable by an east-bound train when in the stretch west of said west-bound signal for causing it to indicate a stop. a

29. In combination, a stretch of track; an eastbound signal; a control circuit for the eastbound signal; means operable by a westbound train in any part; of the stretch forfopjen ng sa d "circuit andcaus ngthe I a; 105.

signal to'indi'cate stop; an east-bound no'r mal ly-energized polar (relay; means con-v trollediby aneast bound train when it has a I reached a certain pointjin the stretch for 25 In ontinents, stretch of'tracli a signal; a tanner circuit for the signal means operablebya' west bound train in any operating said polar relay and closing said control circuit and thereby preventing the a control circuitfor the westbound signal;

means operable by an eastbound train in i the stretch for opera in 'thejpol'a relay: and thereby preventing s'aidtrainfwhen has reached af certain point the stretch bound signal for opening its control circuit and causing the west-bound signal to indi- E p; westbound polar relay; and 26." In c bination, a stretch oftracl; a signal";"* a control circuit for the ,s gnal when train when it has reached a certain point'in thestretch from causing the eastbound signal toiindicate stop; a west-boundsignal;

-1i5 any partpf the stretch west of the westithas reached a certain point in the stretch for'operating said westbound polar relay and closingthe control circuit of the 'west-r hound signal and thereby preventing said west-bound train when it has reached a cer tain point in the stretch from; causing the west-bound signal to indicate stop.

In combination, a stretch of track comprising two track zones a signal; track circuits for said track zones; means con trolled by the track circuits when operated by a west-bound train for causing the signal to'indicate stop; said means being also controlled by a track circuit of the West track zone when operated by an east-bound train for causing said signal to indicate stop; and a normally-energizedpolar relay controlled by a track circuit operated by said eastbound train when it has reached a certain point in the stretch to prevent said train when'in the east track zone from causing the signal to indicate stop.

31. In combination, a stretch of track comprising east and west track zones; two east-bound signals; a control relay for each signal, of which the westerly relay is controlled by the easterly relay; means controlled by a train in the west track zone for operating the westerly relay to cause the westerly signal to indicate stop; meanscontrolled by a west-bound train in the east track zone for operating both of said control relays to cause both signals to indicate stop; an eastbound normallyeenergized polar relay controlling the Westerly control relay; means controlledby an east-bound train when it has reached a certain point in the stretch for operating said polar relay and thereby preventing said east-bound train when it has reached a certain point in the stretch from causing the Westerly east:

bound signal to indicate stop; a west-bound signal; and'me'ans operable by an east-bound train when many partor the stretch west of said west-bound signal for causing said signal to indicate stop.

32. In combination, a stretch of track comprising eastand West track zones; two

east-bound signals; a control relay for each signal, or which the Westerly relay is controlled by the easterly relay; means controlled by a train inthe West track zone for I operating the westerly relay to cause the westerly signal to indicate stop; means controlled by a west-bound train in the east track zone'for operating bothof said control relays to cause bothsignals to indicate stop'yan east-bound normally energized polar relay controlling thewesterly control relay; and means controlled by an eastbound :train when it has reached a certain pointin the stretch for operating said polar relay and thereby preventing said eastbound train when it has reached a certain point in the stretch from'causing the west- 'erly'east-bound signalto indicate stop.

33. In combination, a stretch of track comprising east and west trackzones; two

east-bound signals; track circuits for the track" zones, the westerly of said signals being normally controlled by the track circuits of both track zones, and the easterly of said signals being controlled by the track circuit or circuits of the east track zone; a normallyenergized polar relay; means for operating the polar relay by the action of an eastbound train when it has reached a certain point in the stretch to remove the control of said westerly signal from the track circuit or track circuits of said east track zone; and a west-bound signal controlled by the track circuits of the stretch west of said west-bound signal.

34. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch of track; a signal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to cause the signal to give one indication and when open to give another indication; a single relay having neutral and polar contacts in said circuit; means operable by an east-bound train when it has reached a certain point in said stretch for closing said circuit at one of said contacts; and means operable by a west-bound train when it has reached a point farther east in said stretch for opening said circuit at the other of said contacts.

35. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch of track; a signal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to cause the signal to give one indication and when open to give another indication; neutral and polar contacts in said circuit; means operable .by an eastbound train when it has reached a certain point in said stretch for closing said circuit at one of said'contacts; and means operable b Y a westbound train when it has reache a; point farther east in said stretch for opening said circuit at the other of said contacts both of said means includin a single magnet operating directly upon said neutral and polar contacts.

36. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged whentpen to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to give another indication; a single rela having neutral and polar contacts in saic circuit; means operable by an east-bound train in the west track zone for opening said circuit; means operable the east-bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch for closing said circuit at its polar contact; and means operable by a west-bound train in the east track zone for openin said circuit at its neutral contact.

37. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged when open to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to give anotherindication; a single relay having neutral and polar contacts in said circuit, the polar contact being in a branch around the former contact; means operable by an east-bound train in the west track zone for opening said circuit; means operable by the east-bound train when it has reached a certhe east track zone for opening said circuit 'atits neutral contact, said last two means including a magnet andpolar contacts.

38. In a signaling system, a stretch of track comprising adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; track relays and governing said neutral sources of current for the track zones; two

control circuits for the said signal controlled by said track relays and relayed together from east towest so that when a track relay of the east track zone is deenergized by a west-bound train both control circuits are opened to cause the signal to indicate stop; a single relay having a polar contact in the west control circuit; and means operable by an east-bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch for operating said polar contact and thereby preventing said train when in the east track zone from causing the signal to indicate stop.

A ril, A. D. 1917.

39. In a signaling system, a stretch of track comprising adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; track relays and sources of current for the trackzones; two

control circuits for the said signal controlled by said track relays and relayed together from east towest so that when a track relay of the east track zone is deenergized by a west-bound train both control circuits are opened to cause the signal to indicate stop; a single relay having a neutral contact in the west control circuit through which the control circuits are relayed and a polar contact in the west control circuit in a branch around said neutral contact; and means op erable by an east-bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch for operating said polar contact and thereby preventing said train when in the east track zone from causing the signal to indicate stop.

This specification signed this 13th day of ROBERT J. HEWETT.

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