US139274A - Improvement in processes of making artificial stone - Google Patents
Improvement in processes of making artificial stone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US139274A US139274A US139274DA US139274A US 139274 A US139274 A US 139274A US 139274D A US139274D A US 139274DA US 139274 A US139274 A US 139274A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- processes
- pipe
- improvement
- artificial stone
- kiln
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011396 hydraulic cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/02227—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process
- H01L21/0223—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate
- H01L21/02233—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer
- H01L21/02236—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer group IV semiconductor
- H01L21/02238—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer group IV semiconductor silicon in uncombined form, i.e. pure silicon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/43—Processes of curing clay and concrete materials
Definitions
- FIG. 1 is a section taken vertically and longitudinally through the center of the improved apparatus.
- Fig. 2 is a top view of a kiln, showing a heating-pipe arranged therein.
- This invention relates to an improved process which is vdesigned for manufacturing stone artificially by subjecting hydraulic cement or any calcareous substance, either alone or in concrete, to the action of vapor, carbonicacid gas, and heat, thereby rendering the same very hard in a comparatively short time.
- A represents the gas-generating furnace in which carbonicacid gas is made from charcoal.
- This furnace is surrounded by a jacket, D, which leaves an annular chamber, a, open at its bottom but closed at its top.
- the dome ⁇ of the furnace has a vapor-generator, C, fittedftightly into it,
- D represents a pipe which leads out of the furnace A into a purifying-tank, E, and D represents a pipe which arises from the pipe D,
- D2 is a mixing-pipe through which the gas passes into the kiln K
- N is a pipe which forms a communication between the pipe D2 andthe vapor-generator C, for the purpose of carbonatiug watery particles, and in this wayconducting the gas into the kiln ⁇ and charging the material therein.
- I represents another pipe which conducts steam from the generator C to a pipe-coil, P', which is arranged upon the loor of the kiln as shown in Fig. 2. ⁇
- This coil P is designed for a heater for rarefying the therein.
- the pipe p will allow the escape of the rareed air. Instead of using steam for .heating purposes,
- a pipe which is in dotted lines, Figgl, may be employed; or, if desired,the steam ⁇ and hot-air may be used at the same time.
Description
D. M. SPRUGLE. Prhcesses of Making Artiial` Stone.
Patented May 27,1873.
Unirse NSrrrrns DANIEL M. SPROGLE, OF ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND.`
IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESSES OF MAKING ARTIFICIAL STONE.
Specication forming part of LettersPatent No.
139,274, dated May 27, 1873; application filed October 30, 1872. r
I `l all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, DANmL M. SPROGLE, of Annapolis, in the county of Anne Arundel and State of Maryland, have invented an Improved Process for the Manufacture of Stone Articially; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making part of this specication, in which- Figure 1 is a section taken vertically and longitudinally through the center of the improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a top view of a kiln, showing a heating-pipe arranged therein.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures. y
This invention relates to an improved process which is vdesigned for manufacturing stone artificially by subjecting hydraulic cement or any calcareous substance, either alone or in concrete, to the action of vapor, carbonicacid gas, and heat, thereby rendering the same very hard in a comparatively short time.
The following description of my invention will enable others skilled in the art to understand it.
In the accompanying drawing, A represents the gas-generating furnace in which carbonicacid gas is made from charcoal. This furnace is surrounded by a jacket, D, which leaves an annular chamber, a, open at its bottom but closed at its top. The dome `of the furnace has a vapor-generator, C, fittedftightly into it,
in which vapor is produced from water that is heated by the burning coals beneath. D represents a pipe which leads out of the furnace A into a purifying-tank, E, and D represents a pipe which arises from the pipe D,
and which is opened during the escape of smoke from the furnace A at the commencement of making a fire. When the re is well fall in spray into the purifier. The gas is in this way washed on its way to the kiln K. D2 is a mixing-pipe through which the gas passes into the kiln K, and N is a pipe which forms a communication between the pipe D2 andthe vapor-generator C, for the purpose of carbonatiug watery particles, and in this wayconducting the gas into the kiln `and charging the material therein. I represents another pipe which conducts steam from the generator C to a pipe-coil, P', which is arranged upon the loor of the kiln as shown in Fig. 2.` This coil P is designed for a heater for rarefying the therein. The pipe p will allow the escape of the rareed air. Instead of using steam for .heating purposes,
a pipe, which is in dotted lines, Figgl, may be employed; or, if desired,the steam `and hot-air may be used at the same time.
kiln K in a green or moist condition, which prevents it from rapidly absorbing the carbonated therein the material is `more or less .deprived of its moisture, the" -watery` particles being conducted off through the pipe p at the top of the kiln. I then allow the kilnto cool by cutting off the heat, and introduce the car-` bonated vapor, which will be rapidly absorbed by the material. When the material is thoroughly charged with the carbonated vapor I cut ol' the supply and again apply the heat, the el'ect of which is to drive olf a large quantity of the absorbed moisture from the material and to leave carbonio acid in the substance of the same. These processes are thus alternated until the material has acquired the proper degree of hardness. i
I do not claim, nor intend hereafter to claim,
tion, of the mingling of steam `or vapor with the generated carbonio-acid gas as the gas is air in the kiln and producing a circulation y n hot air taken from the chamber a by means of y' The material to be hardened is put into the watery particles. I therefore iirst apply heat -4 to the kiln, and by 'creating a circulation under this application the invention of gener.
on its way into the kiln, as the saine will be found claimed in James L. Rowlands patents, heretofore granted, and also shown in patents heretofore granted to me, andlikewise in an application iiled by me long prior to the present application; but
Having described Inyinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
The process of making artificial stone by alternately subjecting the calcareous concretel t0 the action of carbonated vapor and a moderate degree of hea-t, substantially as described.
DANIEL M.' SPROGLE.
Witnesses:
A. L. JOHNSON, SAMUEL UocRoFr.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US139274A true US139274A (en) | 1873-05-27 |
Family
ID=2208688
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US139274D Expired - Lifetime US139274A (en) | Improvement in processes of making artificial stone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US139274A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2517902A (en) * | 1944-08-31 | 1950-08-08 | George C Luebkeman | Molding process and means |
-
0
- US US139274D patent/US139274A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2517902A (en) * | 1944-08-31 | 1950-08-08 | George C Luebkeman | Molding process and means |
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