US1392317A - Brass-furnace - Google Patents

Description

A. FISHER.

BRASS FURNACE. I APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1920.

1,392,317, Patented Oct. 4, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I- E 15... j

A. FISHER.

BRASS FURNACE.

APPLICATION {man FEB. 24, 1920.

Patented oat. 4, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 I I; VEmiEJF ALFRED risnnn or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BRASS-FURNACE;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 4, 1921.

Application filed February 24, 1920. Serial N0..360,678.

T 0 all w from it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED FIsHnn,-a citizen of the United States, and. a resident of the city of Chicago, in thecounty "of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in a firass-Furnace; and I do'hereby declare that the follov'ing is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the numerals of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification;

This invention relates to animproved type of a metal furnace adapted for melting brass, bronze, aluminum and other metals in a crucible which is removably mounted within a lined shell or casing which is removable. as a whole from the furnace frame to permit a new shell or casing to be mount- .ed in place. p p

It is an objectflof this invention to provide a brass furnace wherein the fire-brick shell is removably clamped in position on a furnace frame.

It is also-an object of the invention to construct a metal furnace wherein a lined shell or casing is removably clamped on a frame support beneath a lid which is ada 3ted .to be elevated and thenswunp; into a position to permit. removal of said lined cas ing when the same is damaged or worn out.

Another object of the invention is the construction of a metal. furnace having a removable lined casing the fire-brick lining of which. is arrangedin. layers affording projecting shoulders adapted to concentrate the heating flames around a crucible within the casing to evenly heat and melt the metal within the crucible insuring a uni. form reduction ofthe charge; f

A further object of the invention is the construction of a brass furnace wherein the layers of fire-brick are arranged to over lap each, other affording overhanging shoulders adapted to retain the'spiral heating flames in the lower portion of the furnace to cause an even heating of the furnace crucible. p

It is furthermore an object of the invention to provide a brass furnace wherein a lined shell .is removably clamped upon a supportin frame and closed by an adjustable lid which is adapted to be elevated and then swung laterallyto permit replace ment of the'lined shell as a whole when the vation.

clamping mechanisms are released and the oil and air supply pipes are disconnected. it 1S7 an important object of this invention to provide a metal melting furnace of simple and effective construction and where in all. parts of a crucible placed within aremovable lined casing receive the same heat? i'ng'effect from centrifugal flames which are retained in the lower portions of the casing by overhanging shoulders formed by the fire-brick lining. V

Other and further important objects of this invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the drawings and specifica tion.

The invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter more fully described.

On the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevation of a brass furnace embodying the principles of this invention.

Fig. 2 is atop plan view thereof.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section through the furnace showing parts in elevation.

g. 4 is a transverse section of the furnace showing the burner mechanisms.

is a fragmentary detail sideview 1 upper portion of one of the casing ning clamps.

ig. 6 is a front view of the upper portion thereof with parts insection.

F 7 is a section taken on line 7-7, of Fig. 6, with parts in elevation. y

Fig.8 is'a sectional view'taken on line s s, of Fig. 6. r

Fig. 9 is a detail elevation of a portion of the lid supporting mechanism.

Fig. 1G is a section taken on line 1010, of Fig. 9, showing the vertical shaft in ele- Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on line 11-11. of Fig. 9. i

As shown on the drawings:

The furnace comprises a metal base plate or platform 1, supported by legs 2, one of which has integrally formed thereon or rigidly secured thereto an upwardly directed arm or elbow 3. An apertured lug or foot 4, is also integrally formed on nsaid leg, and secured in said apertured lug 4:, is the lower end of avertical rod or shaft 5, which eX-. tends above the top of the furnace. The shaft 5, is ri idly supported in position by a collar or sleeve 6, formed on one of said furnace legs. Supported by the arm 3, is a stub shaft 7, on one end of which a lever 8, is secured. Attached to the opposite end of the stub shaft 7, is one end of a crank or arm 9. Pivotally connected to the second end of the crank 9, by means of a pin 10, are the lower ends of two parallel connecting bars or links 11, the upper ends of which are pivotally connected to opposite sides of a collar or sleeve 12, slidably engaged on the shaft 5. A circular flange 13, is integrally formed on the upper end of the collar 12, to permit two oppositely positioned hooks 14, to be adjustably engaged therewith. The hooks 14, are integrally formed on opposite sides of the lower end of a bracket sleeve 15, which is slidab-ly engaged on the shaft 5, above the collar 12. The bracket sleeve 15, is slidably and rotatably adjustable on the shaft 5, since the hooks 14, are adapted to slide on the flange 13 of the collar 12, when the bracket sleeve is rotated. Integrally formed at right angles on the bracket sleeve 15, is a bracket arm 16, to which a furnace lid or cover 17, is secured. The lid 17, is

' provided with a fire-brick liningor filler 18.

The furnace proper comprises a removable casing or shell which is removable as a whole and normally rests or seats upon the base plate 1. The furnace casing embraces an outer cylindrical wall or jacket 19, made of metal and provided with a pair of oppositely positioned handles or staples 2O adapted for removably receiving the hooked ends of hooking cables for lifting the complete furnace casing from the base plate 1.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 5 to 8 inclusive, releasable retaining or clamping mechanisms are provided for securely but releas-, ably holding the furnace casing in place upon the base plate 1. Each clamping mechanism comprises a rod 21, the lower threaded end of which projects through an aperture in the base plate 1, while the upper end of said rod 21, is bent or curled to form an eye or hook 22, which is engaged on an eccentric pin 23, integrally connectlng the two cylindrical ends 24 and 25. A squared head 26, is integrally formed at the outer end of the cylindrical end 25, for receiving a wrench or other tool to permit rotation of the cross-head formed by the members 23--26. Riveted or otherwise rigidly secured to the casing jacket 19, are a plurality of double hooked brackets 27, adapted to removably receive the cross-heads 23-26, seated therein. Each clamping rod 21, has a nut 28, threaded onto the lower projecting end thereof.

The removable furnace casing is provided with a fire-brick lining which is rigidly secured within the metal jacket 19. Thelining embraces a floor or bottom layer 29, made of fire-clay, fire-brick or other suitable refractory material which seats or rests upon the metal base plate 1. Integrally formed centrally upon the fire-brick floor 29, is a fire-brick boss or pedestal 30, having a flat top for removably reoeivin a crucible 31, as shown in Fig. 3. Secure y mounted upon the floor 29, in superimposed relation, are three layers or rings of fire- brick 32, 33 and 34 respectively. Each fire-brick ring is provided with r a central opening 35, which is conical in shape and converges downwardly affording overhanging shoulders or ledges 36. The reference numeral 37, indicates a slag chamber formed in the lowerfire-brick ring 32. A door 38, is provided to close the slag chamber 37. As shown in Fig. 3, the pedestal 30, is of a height to permit the upper-open end of the crucible 31, to reach to within a short distance from the top of the intermediate or middle fire-brick ring 33. A fire-brick flue pipe 39, is provided in the upper fire-brick ring 34.

The furnace is provided with one or more blast-burners. In the form of furnace shown two blast-burners 40, are provided adapted for the use of crude oil, for gas or for any suitable hydrocarbon. Each blastburner is secured to project into the middle fire-brick ring 33, and is directed inwardly and obliquely downwardly and approximately tangentially with the inner wall of the furnace as shown in Fig. 4. Each blast-burner 40, is provided with a needle valve 41, which is removably connected by a iemovable coupling or connector 42, to an oil or hydrocarbon supply pipe 43. Also removably connected by means of a removable coupling or connector 44, to each of the blast-burners 40, is an air-blast pipe 45, provided with a control valve 46. The air-blast pipe may be connected with any suitable type of blower.

The operation is as follows:

There are two very important features to this invention, the first being the novel construction permitting the furnace casing to be removed as a whole from the supporting frame to allow a new furnace casing to be inserted in place. The second'feature of the invention is the peculiar construction of the fire-brick rings which are provided with downwardly tapering openings affording a plurality of over-hanging shoulders adapted to choke the heating flames in the fire-pot and cause the flames to remain in the lower portion of the furnace fire-pot around the crucible to evenly heat all portions of the crucible.

To fill the furnace the lid 17 is swung to'one side about the shaft 5, and the metals to be treated are placed within the crucible which is removably seated upon the pedestal 30. The lid is then moved to closed position and the blast-burners are lighted. By regulating the burner oil valves 41 and the air valve 46, the required air blast and the amount of hydrocarbon used may be regulated for obtaining the desired'temperature within the furnace; Inasmuch as'the blast is directed obliquely and downwardly against the inner wall of the lower firebrick ring 32, of the furnace, a centrifugal blast is sent around the lower'portion ofthe crucible 31, exerting a maximum heating effect. The over-hanging shoulder 36, formed by the intermediate fire-brick ring 33, serves to choke the centrifugal blast to retain the same in the lower portion of the furnace. Parts of the-blast entering the chamber of the intermediate fire-brick 33, pass around the upper portion of the crucible, and are choked by the upper over-hanging shoulder 36, formed by the upper -'firebrick ring 34. It will thus be seen that the novel construction of the fire-brick rings affords an arrangement whereby the blast flames directed into the crucible chamber of the furnace are concentrated around the lower portion of the crucible due to the successive choking effect caused by the overhanging shoulders 36. The metal within the crucible is thus quickly and uniformly melted. The. gases and fumes resulting from the melting operation. are permitted to escape through the flue 39, which may be provided with any desired damper for regulating and controlling the draft in the same. When the metal is thoroughly reduced the lid is swung to one side and the crucible is removed by suitable tongs to permit pouring of; the molten metal. Any slag or molten. metal which may find its way into the furnace casing around the crucible is permitted to accumulate in the slag chamber 37, from which it may be removed by opening the door-38 Should the lined furnace casing become damaged or worn to such an extent that further use of the furnace is impossible, the easing may be readily removedand replaced by a new one. The removal of the casing as a whole from the supporting frame of the furnace is accomplished by pushing clownwardly on the lever 8, which acts to operate the crank 9 and the connecting links 11. The links 11, serve to slide the collar 12, upwardly on the shaft 5, thereby elevating the bracket sleeve 15, and the furnace lid 17 The elevated lid is next swung about the shaft 5, away from thetop of the furnace casing. The hooks 14, of the bracket sleeve 15, permit said sleeve to rotate with respect to the flanged collar 12. The next step in the removal of the lined furnace casing is to partially release the nuts 28, to permit the brace or clamping rods 21, to be slightly elevated to permit the cross-heads 2326, to be lifted out of engagement with the hooked brackets 27. The pipe connectors 42 and 44, are next disconnected from the blastburners. The books of a hoisting cable may now be engaged in the casing handles or ho'oks'20, and the furnace casing may be lifted from the furnace supporting frame.

In placing a new or repaired furnace casing upon the base plate '1, the casing is lowcred into its proper position and the cross: heads 2326, are seated in the hooked brackets 27 The nuts 28, are then tightened to secure the casing in place. For the purpose of clamping the casing very securely upon the base plate 1, a wrench is used to engage the squared heads 26, to rotate the same and thereby cause the eccentric pins 23, to move into their upper position as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 8. This operation causes the rods 21, to be tensioned thereby clamping the furnace casing securely upon the base plate 1. The oil and air pipes are now connected to the blast-burners by means of the connectors 42 and 44. By elevating the lever 8, the lid is again lowered into its normal position to permit the same to be swung in a horizontal plane to close the furnace casing after the crucible has been put in place. 7

I am aware that numerous details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention, and I therefore do not purpose limiting the patent granted otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

- I claim as my invention:

1. A furnace of the'class, described having a fire-pot provided with a plurality of'horizontal over-hanging shoulders, and peripherally and downwardly directed blastburners opening obliquely through the side of the furnace adapted to direct reducing flames centrifugally around the furnace crucible, said flames adapted to be-choked by said overhanging shoulders to cause an even heating and reduction of the metal in said crucible. V

2. A furnace comprising a supporting frame, a lined furnace casing, and means for drawing the casing tightly down upon said frame.

3. A furnace comprising a supporting frame, a lined furnace casing supported thereon, brackets on said casing, bolts connecting said frame with said brackets, and eccentric members on said bolts and engaging said brackets for removably clamping said casing in position.

4. A brass furnace comprising a supporting frame, a lined casing supported thereon, mechanisms for removably clamping said casing on said frame, and a lid supported on said frame for closing said casing.

5. A melting furnace embracing a sup porting frame, a lined casing removably supported thereon, means for releasably clamping said casing in place, a horizontally adjustable lid supported on said frame, and

means on said frame for vertically adjusting said lid to move the same out of the way to permit removal of said casing from the supporting frame.

6. A melting furnace embracing a supporting frame, a fire-brick casing removably seated thereon, means for releasably clamp- .ing said casing in place, blast-burners directed into the casing walls for directing blast-flames in the casing fire-pot, hydrocarbon and air blast pipes removably connected wit-h said blast-burners, and a horizontally and vertically adjustable lid supported on said frame for closing said casing.

7. A furnace comprising a supporting frame, ,a fire-brick casing removably clamped thereon, a shaft support-ed on said frame, means rotatably and slidably mounted on said shaft, a lid secured to said means for closing said casing, and a mechanism mounted on said frame and connected With said means adapted to be operated tocause slidable adjustment of said means on said shaft for adjusting the lid with respect to said casing. g

8. A furnace comprising a supporting frame, a furnace lid adjustably supported on said frame, and a fire-brick casing removably supported in place between said frame and lid.

9. A meltin furnace comprising a frame, a fire-brick casing supported thereon, a shaft on said frame, a bracket rotatably engaged on said shaft, a lid secured to said bracket and adjustable therewith in a horizontal plane, and lever operated means on said frame and connected with said bracket adapted to be operated to cause a vertical adjustment of said bracket and lid.

10. A melting furnace comprising a supporting frame, a furnace casing on said frame, and eccentric mechanisms for removably clamplng said casing on sald frame.

11. In a furnace of the class descrlbed the combination with a supporting frame, of a melting casing thereon adapted to be removed as a whole to permit a new casing to replacethe same. a

12. In a. melting furnace the combination with a furnacecasing, of a fire-brick lining therein provided with a plurality of hori- :zontal over-hanging shoulders adapted to concentrate blast-flames in the tionof the, casing nace crucible.

13. In a melting furnace the combination with a furnace casing, of a fire-brick lining therein comprising a plurality of superim posed fire-brick rings having downwardly taperin central openings therein affording a plura ity of over-hanging blast-flame choking shoulders.

14. A furnace casing comprising a metal jacket, a fire-brick lining secured therein comprisin fire-brick rings having conical openings therein forming a fire-pot having a plurality of over-hanging choking shoulders therein.

15. A furnace having a lining therein comprising a fire-brick floor, a pedestal integrally formed thereon for supporting a crucible, and a pluralit offire-brick rings supported one above t e other upon said floor, said rings having conical openings therein affording over-hanging Shoulders.

16. In a meltin furnace the combination with the side wal sthereof, of one or more blast-burners opening. therethrough and directed both tangentially and downwardly, and a fire-brick lining in said furnace formed to provide a fire-pot having overhanging shoulders therein for concentrating the blast-flames from said blast-burners in the lower portion of the fire-pot. I

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of a subscribing witness.

ALFRED FISHER.

lower porfire-pot around the fur- Witness:

FRED E. PAnsLnR.

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